【摘要】：草地存在價值研究是強化人們環(huán)境保護意識的有力工具,也是制定資源利用戰(zhàn)略的決策依據(jù)。運用條件價值評估方法中(Contingent Valuation Method,CVM)的最大意愿支付(Willingness to Pay,WTP)技術(shù),對青藏高原東緣瑪曲草地的存在價值進行了系統(tǒng)研究,結(jié)果顯示:2005年,牧戶的平均WTP為339元/a,總存在價值為0.03×10~8元/a;收入與WTP呈顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系。據(jù)此推斷,2016年牧戶的平均WTP為407元/a,總存在價值為0.033×10~8元/a。存在價值小,主要是因為當(dāng)?shù)厝丝诨鶖?shù)小。如果考慮瑪曲草地對全球生物多樣性保育的貢獻,以及對黃河水源所具有的涵養(yǎng)功能,則其總存在價值將倍增,其中2005年為636×10~8元/a,2016年為763×10~8元/a,增幅約為20%,與當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦氖杖朐鲩L相當(dāng)。這一結(jié)果表明,與瑪曲草地的保護成本相比,其存在價值極其顯著,應(yīng)納入成本-效益分析之中;存在價值具有動態(tài)性,應(yīng)根據(jù)收入變化狀況進行連續(xù)評估,以反映其真實價值,從而確保政策制定者做出正確決策。
[Abstract]:The study of grassland existence value is not only a powerful tool to strengthen people's environmental protection consciousness, but also a decision basis for making the strategy of resource utilization. The existence value of Maqu grassland on the eastern edge of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau has been systematically studied by using the maximum willingness to pay (Willingness to Pay,WTP) technique of (Contingent Valuation Method,CVM in conditional value evaluation method. The results show that in 2005, The average WTP of herdsmen is 339 yuan / a, the total value of existence is 0.03 脳 10 ~ (8) yuan / a, and there is a significant positive correlation between income and WTP. The average WTP of herdsmen in 2016 is 407yuan / a, and the total existence value is 0.033 脳 108yuan / a. The existence value is small, mainly because the local population base is small. Taking into account the contribution of Maqu grassland to global biodiversity conservation and its conservation function to the water source of the Yellow River, the total value of its existence will be doubled, Among them, 636 脳 10 ~ 8 yuan / a in 2005 and 763 脳 10 ~ (8) yuan / a in 2016, an increase of about 20%, which is in line with the income growth of local residents. The results show that, compared with the conservation cost of Maqu grassland, the value of existence is extremely significant and should be included in the cost-benefit analysis, and the value of existence is dynamic and should be continuously evaluated according to the change of income. To reflect its true value, thus ensuring that policy makers make the right decisions.
【作者單位】： 西北師范大學(xué)地理與環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)院;西北師范大學(xué)計算機科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金(41461109,71263045) 甘肅省自然科學(xué)基金(1506RJZA124)
【分類號】：F323.212

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