【摘要】：干旱地區(qū)地表蒸發(fā)引起土壤水分的散失是造成鹽分表聚的重要原因之一,土壤表層進(jìn)行覆蓋處理可改變地表結(jié)構(gòu),從而影響土壤水分蒸發(fā)和鹽分遷移過程,本研究旨在通過野外田間試驗(yàn),研究不同覆蓋模式下土壤返鹽及水鹽運(yùn)移規(guī)律。結(jié)果表明:土壤表層進(jìn)行不同覆蓋處理均可有效抑制土壤水分蒸發(fā),土壤保水效果為:覆砂+覆膜覆秸稈+覆砂覆砂覆秸稈+覆膜無覆蓋(CK);隨土層深度的增加,土壤含水率減小的趨勢逐漸減緩。不同覆蓋處理也可有效抑制土壤鹽分表聚,縮小鹽分在土壤中遷移的范圍;覆蓋處理的土壤鹽分向上遷移主要發(fā)生在0~20 cm范圍內(nèi),無覆蓋處理在0~35 cm范圍內(nèi),覆蓋后可較好地抑制土壤返鹽。綜合考慮認(rèn)為砂石覆蓋模式是較適合該試驗(yàn)區(qū)的覆蓋模式。
[Abstract]:The loss of soil moisture caused by surface evaporation in arid areas is one of the important reasons for salt accumulation. The surface structure can be changed by covering the soil surface, thus affecting the process of soil moisture evaporation and salt migration. The purpose of this study was to study the movement of soil salt and water salt under different mulching models through field experiments. The results showed that the soil moisture evaporation could be effectively inhibited by different mulching treatments on the soil surface. The soil water retention effect was as follows: (CK); without mulching with sand mulch and straw mulching without mulching with the increase of soil depth; The decreasing trend of soil moisture content gradually slowed down. Different mulching treatments could also effectively inhibit the accumulation of soil salt and reduce the range of salt migration in the soil, and the upward migration of soil salt in mulching treatment mainly occurred in the range of 0 ~ 20 cm, while that of no mulching treatment was in the range of 0 ~ 35 cm. After mulching, soil salinization was inhibited. It is considered that the sand and stone covering model is more suitable for the test area.
【作者單位】： 蘭州理工大學(xué)能源與動力工程學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項目(51269008) 蘭州理工大學(xué)紅柳青年教師培養(yǎng)計劃資助項目(Q201310)
【分類號】：S156.41

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