鐘山風(fēng)景區(qū)土壤環(huán)境對人為踩踏擾動的響應(yīng)
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-05 09:22
【摘要】：【目的】探究風(fēng)景區(qū)不同旅游干擾強(qiáng)度下土壤質(zhì)量的變化規(guī)律,分析人為踩踏對土壤的影響,為恢復(fù)土壤質(zhì)量以及風(fēng)景區(qū)的生態(tài)旅游規(guī)劃與管理提供基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)和理論依據(jù)�！痉椒ā吭谀暇╃娚斤L(fēng)景區(qū)選擇3條寬度為3 m的游道,在每條游道邊緣的垂直方向上設(shè)置1條7 m×1 m的調(diào)查樣帶,在每條樣帶上均選擇3個1 m×1 m樣方,距游道邊緣1 m處樣方為高強(qiáng)度干擾,距游道邊緣3 m處樣方為中等強(qiáng)度干擾,距游道邊緣7 m處樣方為對照區(qū)。采集樣方不同土層(0~5,5~15和15~25 cm)土壤樣品,測定土壤密度、含水量、持水量、p H、土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量、土壤全氮含量、土壤速效磷含量和土壤酶活性。采用因子分析和主成分分析法計(jì)算公因子的貢獻(xiàn)率和因子負(fù)荷量以確定各指標(biāo)因子對土壤質(zhì)量的重要性和貢獻(xiàn)度,并通過對土壤各指標(biāo)因子加權(quán)求和綜合分析論證不同旅游干擾強(qiáng)度下土壤質(zhì)量的變化規(guī)律�！窘Y(jié)果】隨旅游干擾強(qiáng)度增加,土壤含水量、孔隙度、持水量趨于下降,而土壤密度、p H趨于上升,且旅游干擾對0~5 cm土層土壤的影響大于5~15和15~25 cm土層土壤;隨干擾強(qiáng)度增加,土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)、全氮和速效磷含量趨于下降,碳氮比呈上升趨勢;與對照區(qū)相比,旅游干擾下,土壤脲酶、酸性磷酸酶、蔗糖酶和過氧化氫酶活性降低,且土壤質(zhì)量趨于下降;隨土層加深,土壤質(zhì)量呈先上升后下降的趨勢;由于背景區(qū)未受干擾,其表層土壤質(zhì)量最佳,土層越深,土壤質(zhì)量越差�！窘Y(jié)論】土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量、全氮含量和蔗糖酶活性的權(quán)重較大即對旅游干擾下土壤質(zhì)量變化的貢獻(xiàn)度較大,可作為鐘山風(fēng)景區(qū)土壤健康狀況評價指標(biāo);可以通過土壤酶活性和有機(jī)質(zhì)含量來動態(tài)監(jiān)測景區(qū)土壤肥力;需對游客數(shù)量進(jìn)行時空調(diào)控來控制生態(tài)環(huán)境容量,從而保證景區(qū)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展和生態(tài)效益。
[Abstract]:[objective] to explore the change rule of soil quality under different tourist disturbance intensity in scenic spots, and analyze the effect of human stampede on soil. To provide basic data and theoretical basis for restoring soil quality and ecotourism planning and management of scenic spots. [methods] three tourist paths with a width of 3 m were selected in Nanjing Zhong Shan Scenic area. A survey sample of 7 m 脳 1 m was set up in the vertical direction of each trail edge. Three 1 m 脳 1 m sample squares were selected in each sample zone, and the high intensity interference was observed at 1 m from the edge of the trail. There was moderate intensity interference in the sample square 3 m from the edge of the trail and 7 m away from the edge of the road as the control area. Soil samples were collected from different soil layers (0 ~ 5 ~ 5 ~ 5 ~ 5 ~ 15 and 15 ~ 25 cm). Soil density, water content, water holding capacity, soil organic matter content, soil total nitrogen content, soil available phosphorus content and soil enzyme activity were determined. Factor analysis and principal component analysis were used to calculate the contribution rate of common factor and factor load to determine the importance and contribution of each index factor to soil quality. The variation law of soil quality under different tourist disturbance intensity was demonstrated by comprehensive analysis of the weighted summation of soil index factors. [results] with the increase of tourism interference intensity, soil water content, porosity and water holding capacity tended to decrease. However, the soil density and pH tended to increase, and the effect of tourism disturbance on 0 ~ (5) cm soil layer was greater than that on 5 ~ (15) and 15 ~ (25) cm soil layer, and the contents of organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorus tended to decrease, and the C / N ratio increased with the increase of soil disturbance intensity. Compared with the control area, the soil urease, acid phosphatase, sucrase and catalase activities decreased, and the soil quality tended to decrease, and the soil quality increased first and then decreased with the deepening of the soil layer. Because the background area is undisturbed, the surface soil quality is the best, and the deeper the soil layer is, the worse the soil quality is. [conclusion] the content of soil organic matter, The weight of total nitrogen content and sucrase activity is larger, that is, the contribution of total nitrogen content and sucrase activity to the change of soil quality under the disturbance of tourism is great, which can be used as the evaluation index of soil health status in Zhong Shan scenic area. The soil fertility can be dynamically monitored by soil enzyme activity and organic matter content, and the ecological environment capacity should be controlled by spatiotemporal control of the number of tourists, so as to ensure the sustainable development and ecological benefit of the scenic area.
【作者單位】： 南京林業(yè)大學(xué)江蘇省水土保持與生態(tài)修復(fù)重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室江蘇省南方現(xiàn)代林業(yè)協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心;
【基金】：江蘇省科技項(xiàng)目(BE2012344) 林業(yè)公益性行業(yè)科研專項(xiàng)(201504406) 江蘇省優(yōu)勢學(xué)科(PAPD)
【分類號】：S151.9
，
本文編號：2252848
[Abstract]:[objective] to explore the change rule of soil quality under different tourist disturbance intensity in scenic spots, and analyze the effect of human stampede on soil. To provide basic data and theoretical basis for restoring soil quality and ecotourism planning and management of scenic spots. [methods] three tourist paths with a width of 3 m were selected in Nanjing Zhong Shan Scenic area. A survey sample of 7 m 脳 1 m was set up in the vertical direction of each trail edge. Three 1 m 脳 1 m sample squares were selected in each sample zone, and the high intensity interference was observed at 1 m from the edge of the trail. There was moderate intensity interference in the sample square 3 m from the edge of the trail and 7 m away from the edge of the road as the control area. Soil samples were collected from different soil layers (0 ~ 5 ~ 5 ~ 5 ~ 5 ~ 15 and 15 ~ 25 cm). Soil density, water content, water holding capacity, soil organic matter content, soil total nitrogen content, soil available phosphorus content and soil enzyme activity were determined. Factor analysis and principal component analysis were used to calculate the contribution rate of common factor and factor load to determine the importance and contribution of each index factor to soil quality. The variation law of soil quality under different tourist disturbance intensity was demonstrated by comprehensive analysis of the weighted summation of soil index factors. [results] with the increase of tourism interference intensity, soil water content, porosity and water holding capacity tended to decrease. However, the soil density and pH tended to increase, and the effect of tourism disturbance on 0 ~ (5) cm soil layer was greater than that on 5 ~ (15) and 15 ~ (25) cm soil layer, and the contents of organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorus tended to decrease, and the C / N ratio increased with the increase of soil disturbance intensity. Compared with the control area, the soil urease, acid phosphatase, sucrase and catalase activities decreased, and the soil quality tended to decrease, and the soil quality increased first and then decreased with the deepening of the soil layer. Because the background area is undisturbed, the surface soil quality is the best, and the deeper the soil layer is, the worse the soil quality is. [conclusion] the content of soil organic matter, The weight of total nitrogen content and sucrase activity is larger, that is, the contribution of total nitrogen content and sucrase activity to the change of soil quality under the disturbance of tourism is great, which can be used as the evaluation index of soil health status in Zhong Shan scenic area. The soil fertility can be dynamically monitored by soil enzyme activity and organic matter content, and the ecological environment capacity should be controlled by spatiotemporal control of the number of tourists, so as to ensure the sustainable development and ecological benefit of the scenic area.
【作者單位】： 南京林業(yè)大學(xué)江蘇省水土保持與生態(tài)修復(fù)重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室江蘇省南方現(xiàn)代林業(yè)協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心;
【基金】：江蘇省科技項(xiàng)目(BE2012344) 林業(yè)公益性行業(yè)科研專項(xiàng)(201504406) 江蘇省優(yōu)勢學(xué)科(PAPD)
【分類號】：S151.9
，
本文編號：2252848
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