【摘要】：以相鄰田面為對(duì)照,利用雙環(huán)入滲法對(duì)三峽庫(kù)區(qū)紫色土坡耕地土質(zhì)埂坎分層(地埂、坎腰和坎趾)的入滲特征進(jìn)行研究。結(jié)果表明:(1)土質(zhì)埂坎分層入滲與對(duì)照田面入滲均呈先陡降后趨于穩(wěn)定的趨勢(shì),但達(dá)到穩(wěn)定入滲的時(shí)間存在差異。地埂達(dá)到穩(wěn)定入滲的時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)(110min),坎腰、坎趾和田面達(dá)穩(wěn)定入滲的時(shí)間分別比地埂少9%,82%,18%。從入滲性能看,土質(zhì)埂坎各層均表現(xiàn)出初始入滲率平均入滲率穩(wěn)定入滲率。平均入滲率與120min累積入滲量表現(xiàn)為地埂坎腰田面坎趾,初始入滲率為坎腰地埂田面坎趾,穩(wěn)定入滲率為田面坎腰地埂坎趾。(2)采用4種模型進(jìn)行擬合,其中通用經(jīng)驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ褪敲枋銎赂赝临|(zhì)埂坎入滲的較好模型,其后依次是Kostiakov模型、Horton模型和Philip模型。(3)土質(zhì)埂坎入滲性能與土壤物理性質(zhì)具有較好的相關(guān)性,初始入滲率與初始含水率、容重呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān)(P0.05),平均入滲率、120min累積入滲量與粉粒體積分?jǐn)?shù)、初始含水率呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān)(P0.05),與砂粒體積分?jǐn)?shù)和總孔隙度呈顯著正相關(guān)(P0.05)。研究結(jié)果可為紫色土區(qū)坡耕地土壤侵蝕調(diào)控的埂坎措施優(yōu)化提供依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:The infiltration characteristics of ridge (ridge, ridge waist and ridge toe) of purple soil sloping farmland in the three Gorges Reservoir area were studied by using double ring infiltration method. The results showed that: (1) the stratified infiltration of soil ridge and the control field showed a tendency of steeply decreasing and then becoming stable, but the time to reach stable infiltration was different. The longest time of stable infiltration (110min) was achieved in the ridge, and the time of stable infiltration in the ridge, the toe and the surface of the field was 9 / 82 / 18 less than that in the ridge, respectively. From the point of view of infiltration performance, the average initial infiltration rate is stable in each layer of soil ridge. The average infiltration rate and the 120min cumulative infiltration rate are as follows: the ridge surface toe, the initial infiltration rate the ridge toe, and the stable infiltration rate the ridge toe. (2) four kinds of models are used to fit the infiltration rate, and the results are as follows: (1) the average infiltration rate and the 120min cumulative infiltration rate are the same as the ridge toe, the initial infiltration rate is the ridge toe and the stable infiltration rate is the ridge toe. The general empirical model is a better model to describe the infiltration of sloping farmland soil ridge, followed by Kostiakov model and Philip model. (3) the infiltration performance of soil ridge has a good correlation with the soil physical properties. The initial infiltration rate was significantly negatively correlated with the initial moisture content and bulk density (P0.05), the average infiltration rate of 120min was negatively correlated with the silt volume fraction, the initial water content was significantly negatively correlated with the initial moisture content (P0.05), and there was a significant positive correlation between the initial infiltration rate and the sand volume fraction and the total porosity (P0.05). The results can provide the basis for the optimization of soil erosion control measures of sloping farmland in purple soil area.
【作者單位】： 重慶師范大學(xué)地理與旅游學(xué)院;三峽庫(kù)區(qū)地表過程與環(huán)境遙感重慶市重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41471234) 重慶市基礎(chǔ)與前沿研究計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(cstc2015jcyjBX0141) 重慶市教委科技項(xiàng)目(KJ1500315)
【分類號(hào)】：S157

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