【摘要】：氟樂靈是一種在水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖中應(yīng)用廣泛的除草劑。該農(nóng)藥的使用不僅對魚類具有毒性作用,也可以在水產(chǎn)品的體內(nèi)殘留蓄積,已經(jīng)日益受到國內(nèi)外的關(guān)注。在氟樂靈使用過程中,農(nóng)藥原體可通過物理、化學或生物的方法得到一定程度的降解。因此,了解水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖水體環(huán)境中氟樂靈降解過程中可能存在的毒性風險,對保護水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖生物和人類健康顯得尤為重要。本文研究了氟樂靈在降解過程中(化學降解、生物降解及化學-微生物協(xié)同降解)對魚體內(nèi)反映氧化應(yīng)激狀況的超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase,簡稱SOD)和丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,簡稱MDA)兩種指標的影響,對氟樂靈降解過程可能產(chǎn)生的毒性進行評價。研究結(jié)果顯示,采用化學、微生物以及化學-微生物協(xié)同作用等3種方式對養(yǎng)殖水體中一定濃度的氟樂靈(0.05 mg·L~(-1))進行降解,降解過程未引起受試魚類的死亡,魚類未表現(xiàn)出行為異常或形態(tài)改變。在對照組中,魚類SOD活性和MDA含量范圍分別維持在41.87~42.54 U·mg~(-1)和1.85~1.89 nmol·mg~(-1),而在降解組中魚類SOD活性和MDA含量沒有發(fā)生顯著變化,即沒有對魚類造成顯著的氧化損傷。結(jié)果表明,在水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖過程中應(yīng)注意氟樂靈的使用劑量,以低于0.05mg·L~(-1)為佳,也應(yīng)通過后續(xù)的氧化劑和微生物降解及時去除殘留在水體中的過量的氟樂靈,以有效避免養(yǎng)殖生物產(chǎn)生氧化損傷。該研究可為氟樂靈降解過程中的風險隱患防控提供理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Trifluridine is a widely used herbicide in aquaculture. The use of this pesticide not only has toxic effect on fish, but also can accumulate in aquatic products, which has been paid more and more attention at home and abroad. Pesticide can be degraded to a certain extent by physical, chemical or biological methods during the use of trifluridine. Therefore, it is very important to understand the possible toxic risks in the degradation of florazone in aquatic environment for the protection of aquaculture organisms and human health. The effects of trifluridine (chemical degradation, biodegradation and chemical-microbial co-degradation) on two indexes of superoxide dismutase (Superoxide dismutase,) and malondialdehyde (MDA), which reflect oxidative stress in fish, were studied in this paper. The potential toxicity of trifluridine degradation was evaluated. The results showed that chemical, microbial and chemical-microbial synergistic effects were used to degrade a certain concentration of flurazone (0.05 mg L ~ (-1) in cultured water, and the degradation process did not result in the death of fish. Fish did not show abnormal behavior or morphological changes. In the control group, the range of SOD activity and MDA content remained at 41.8742.54 U mg~ (-1) and 1.85U 1.89 nmol mg~ (-1), respectively, but there was no significant change in the fish SOD activity and MDA content in the degradation group, that is, no significant oxidative damage was caused to the fish. The results showed that the dosage of triflurazone should be paid attention to in the process of aquaculture, which should be lower than that of 0.05mg L-1, and the excessive amount of flurazone remaining in the water should be removed in time through the subsequent degradation of oxidant and microorganism. In order to effectively avoid oxidative damage caused by aquaculture organisms. This study can provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of hidden risks in the process of florazone degradation.
【作者單位】： 中國水產(chǎn)科學研究院淡水漁業(yè)研究中心;農(nóng)業(yè)部水產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全環(huán)境因子風險評估實驗室(無錫);農(nóng)業(yè)部水產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全控制重點實驗室;江蘇省無錫市農(nóng)業(yè)委員會;
【基金】：公益性行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))科研專項經(jīng)費項目(201503108) 農(nóng)業(yè)部財政項目“水產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風險評估”(GJFP2016009)
【分類號】：X592

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