兩種色型豌豆蚜胞內(nèi)共生菌研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-28 10:27
【摘要】：豌豆蚜(Acyrthosiphon pisum)屬于半翅目蚜科,是世界范圍內(nèi)豆科作物及牧草的主要害蟲,有紅、綠兩種生物性。綠色型豌豆蚜在我國(guó)分布廣泛,且危害嚴(yán)重,而紅色型目前僅在我國(guó)西部地區(qū)分布,且種群數(shù)量具有明顯的增加趨勢(shì)。本文研究巴克納氏(Buchner)共生菌對(duì)兩種色型豌豆蚜生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育和種群參數(shù)的影響、兩種色型豌豆蚜脫共生菌過(guò)程中體內(nèi)物質(zhì)含量及轉(zhuǎn)氨酶活性動(dòng)態(tài)變化,為更好的明確兩種色型豌豆蚜種群消長(zhǎng)動(dòng)態(tài)、降低其對(duì)豆科作物及牧草的危害提供理論依據(jù),主要研究結(jié)果如下:1.抗生素對(duì)兩種色型豌豆蚜生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育和繁殖的影響將0.2%的6種抗生素(利福平、鹽酸金霉素、氯霉素、鹽酸土霉素、青霉素G鉀鹽和硫酸鏈霉素)分別按同時(shí)噴灑蠶豆植株和蚜蟲蟲體、只噴灑蚜蟲蟲體和只噴灑蠶豆植株3種方式處理,獲得各種處理的發(fā)育歷期、平均體重、體質(zhì)量差、相對(duì)日均體質(zhì)量增長(zhǎng)率和平均產(chǎn)蚜量等生物學(xué)參數(shù)。結(jié)果表明:3種處理方式對(duì)兩種色型豌豆蚜生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育和繁殖影響的大小順序?yàn)?同時(shí)噴灑植株和蟲體處理噴灑植株表面的處理噴灑蟲體處理;6種抗生素對(duì)兩種色型豌豆蚜生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育和繁殖影響的大小順序?yàn)?利福平鹽酸土霉素鹽酸金霉素硫酸鏈霉素氯霉素青霉素G K鹽;6種抗生素經(jīng)過(guò)3種不同處理方式,對(duì)兩種色型豌豆蚜生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育和繁殖影響表現(xiàn)為:延長(zhǎng)發(fā)育歷期,體重減輕,繁殖力下降;不同抗生素和不同處理方式對(duì)兩種色型豌豆蚜生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育和繁殖影響較大的4種組合處理順序?yàn)?利福平同時(shí)噴灑植株和蟲體處理利福平噴灑植株處理利福平噴灑蟲體處理土霉素同時(shí)噴灑植株和蟲體處理。2.利福平3種處理方式對(duì)兩種色型豌豆蚜種群參數(shù)的影響利福平3種處理后,2種色型豌豆蚜種群凈生殖率下降,平均世代周期延長(zhǎng),內(nèi)稟增長(zhǎng)率和周限增長(zhǎng)率增加,種群加倍時(shí)間延長(zhǎng),且對(duì)種群凈生殖率、平均世代周期、內(nèi)稟增長(zhǎng)率、周限增長(zhǎng)率和種群加倍時(shí)間的影響與同色型對(duì)照差異顯著。利福平3種處理對(duì)紅色型和綠色型種群凈生殖率、內(nèi)稟增長(zhǎng)率和種群加倍時(shí)間的影響與同色型對(duì)照差異顯著。3.兩種色型豌豆蚜脫共生菌利福平濃度篩選利福平植株內(nèi)吸處理試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:隨著利福平濃度的逐漸增大,兩種色型豌豆蚜若蚜死亡率增大,世代歷期縮短,繁殖力下降,成蚜體重減輕。根據(jù)蚜蟲脫共生菌后的生物學(xué)參數(shù)變化,最終選擇豌豆蚜脫共生菌的利福平濃度為0.2mg/ml。4.兩種色型豌豆蚜脫共生菌鑒定用0.2mg/ml的6種抗生素(利福平、鹽酸金霉素、氯霉素、鹽酸土霉素、青霉素g鉀鹽和硫酸鏈霉素)溶液150ml進(jìn)行植物內(nèi)吸處理,分別在第6d和第11d取樣進(jìn)行豌豆蚜脫共生菌鑒定,通過(guò)分子鑒定和光學(xué)顯微觀察結(jié)果表明,經(jīng)過(guò)6種抗生素處理后在第6d時(shí),都不能脫掉兩種色型豌豆蚜體內(nèi)的buchner菌;經(jīng)利福平和土霉素處理后在第11d時(shí),兩種色型豌豆蚜體內(nèi)的buchner菌被脫掉。5.兩種色型豌豆蚜脫共生菌過(guò)程中體內(nèi)物質(zhì)含量的動(dòng)態(tài)變化用0.2mg/ml利福平溶液進(jìn)行豌豆蚜脫共生菌處理,處理后兩種色型豌豆蚜單頭蚜蟲蛋白含量在第4、6、8、10和12d顯著低于同色型對(duì)照;處理后兩種色型豌豆蚜單頭可溶性糖含量第6、8、10和12d顯著低于同色型對(duì)照;處理后紅色型豌豆蚜單頭糖原含量在第2、6、8、10和12d顯著低于同色型對(duì)照,而綠色型單頭蚜蟲糖原含量在第6、8、10和12d顯著低于對(duì)照,第2d顯著高于對(duì)照;處理后兩種色型豌豆蚜單頭蚜蟲總脂肪含量在第2d低于同色型對(duì)照,而在第4、6、8、10和12d高于同色型對(duì)照,紅色型在第8d總脂肪含量與對(duì)照差異顯著,而綠色型在第12d總脂肪含量與對(duì)照差異顯著;處理后兩種色型豌豆蚜中性脂肪含量在第2、4、6、8和10d高于同色型對(duì)照,而中性脂肪含量在第12d低于同色型對(duì)照。從物質(zhì)含量角度出發(fā),豌豆蚜脫共生菌過(guò)程是碳水化合物和蛋白質(zhì)含量下降,總脂肪和中性脂肪含量升高的過(guò)程。6.兩種色型豌豆蚜脫共生菌處理后能量變化用0.2mg/ml利福平溶液處理豌豆蚜后,在第8d時(shí)計(jì)算體內(nèi)物質(zhì)儲(chǔ)存能量變化表明:處理后豌豆蚜體內(nèi)蛋白質(zhì)、可溶性糖和糖原所儲(chǔ)存的能量顯著低于同色型對(duì)照;處理后豌豆蚜體內(nèi)總脂肪所儲(chǔ)存的能量高于同色型對(duì)照,但差異不顯著;處理后兩種色型豌豆蚜體內(nèi)總能量顯著低于同色型對(duì)照。7.豌豆蚜脫共生菌過(guò)程中體內(nèi)轉(zhuǎn)氨酶活性動(dòng)態(tài)變化研究結(jié)果表明:用0.2mg/ml利福平脫共生菌處理后,綠色型豌豆蚜谷草轉(zhuǎn)氨酶(ast)活性與對(duì)照相比,第2、4、6和8d的ast酶活性高于對(duì)照,而第10和12d的處理ast酶活性低于對(duì)照;紅色型ast酶活性表現(xiàn)為:處理后,第2、10和12d的AST酶活高于對(duì)照,其余測(cè)定時(shí)間AST酶活處理低于對(duì)照;綠色型谷丙轉(zhuǎn)氨酶(ALT)酶活性只有第6d對(duì)照高于處理,其余測(cè)定時(shí)間都是對(duì)照低于處理。而紅色型豌豆蚜ALT酶活性第2和4d時(shí),對(duì)照高于處理,其余測(cè)定時(shí)間都是對(duì)照低于處理;處理后兩種色型豌豆蚜谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)酶活性都表現(xiàn)為:第2、4和6d都是處理高于對(duì)照,而從第8d開(kāi)始,對(duì)照和處理酶活性出現(xiàn)交替上升變化。
[Abstract]:Acyrthosiphon Pisum is one of the main pests of leguminous crops and Forages in the world. It has red and green biological characteristics. The green pea aphid is widely distributed in China, and its harm is serious. The red pea aphid is only distributed in the western part of China, and its population has an obvious increasing trend. The effects of Buchner symbiotic bacteria on the growth and population parameters of two color-type pea aphids and the dynamic changes of substance content and aminotransferase activity in the process of de-symbiotic bacteria of two color-type pea aphids provide a theoretical basis for better understanding the population dynamics of two color-type pea aphids and reducing their damage to legume crops and forages. The main results are as follows: 1. The effects of antibiotics on the growth and reproduction of two color pea aphids were studied. Six kinds of antibiotics (rifampicin, chloramphenicol, chloramphenicol, oxytetracycline hydrochloride, penicillin G potassium salt and streptomycin sulfate) were sprayed simultaneously on broad bean plants and aphid bodies, only on aphid bodies and only on broad bean plants. The results showed that the order of the effects of the three treatments on the growth, development and reproduction of the two types of pea aphids was: spraying plants and insects simultaneously on the surface of the plants. The effects of six antibiotics on the growth, development and reproduction of two color pea aphids were in the following order: rifampicin hydrochloride oxytetracycline hydrochloride oxytetracycline hydrochloride streptomycin sulfate chloramphenicol penicillin G K salt; six antibiotics were treated in three different ways to prolong the development and reproduction of two color pea aphids. Four combinations with different antibiotics and different treatments had great effects on the growth and reproduction of two types of pea aphids, and the sequence was as follows: rifampicin sprayed on plants and rifampicin sprayed on plants at the same time; rifampicin sprayed on plants and rifampicin sprayed on insects at the same time. 2. rifampicin sprayed on plants and worms at the same time. Effects of three different treatments on the population parameters of two color-type pea aphids Rifampicin three treatments showed that the net reproductive rate of the two color-type pea aphids decreased, the average generation cycle prolonged, the intrinsic growth rate and the perimeter growth rate increased, the population doubling time prolonged, and the net reproductive rate, the average generation cycle, the intrinsic growth rate, the perimeter growth rate and the perimeter growth rate increased. The effects of rifampicin treatments on net reproductive rate, intrinsic growth rate and doubling time of red and green populations were significantly different from those of the same colour control. 3. The concentration of rifampicin screened for rifampicin in two colour types of pea aphids showed that rifampicin had significant effects on the net reproductive rate, intrinsic growth rate and doubling time of red and green populations. With the increase of rifampicin concentration, the mortality of nymphs increased, the generations shortened, the fecundity decreased, and the weight of adult aphids decreased. According to the changes of biological parameters after aphid desymbiotic bacteria, rifampicin concentration of the desymbiotic bacteria of pea aphids was 0.2 mg/ml.4. Six kinds of antibiotics (rifampicin, chloramphenicol, chloramphenicol, oxytetracycline hydrochloride, penicillin G potassium salt and streptomycin sulfate) in the solution of 150 ml were used for plant endophytic treatment. Samples were taken on the 6th and 11th days for identification of the aposymbiotic bacteria of the pea aphid. The results of molecular identification and optical microscopy showed that after six kinds of antibiotics treatment on the 6th day, The Buchner bacteria in the two types of pea aphids could not be removed. On the 11th day after treatment with rifampicin and oxytetracycline, the Buchner bacteria in the two types of pea aphids were removed. The protein content of the aphids of the two color types was significantly lower than that of the same color type on the 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th and 12th day, the soluble sugar content of the two color types was significantly lower than that of the same color type on the 6th, 8th, 10th and 12th day, and the glycogen content of the red type was significantly lower than that of the same color type on the 2nd, 6th, 8th, 10th and 12th day, while that of the green type was significantly lower than that of the same color type. The glycogen content of the aphids was significantly lower than that of the control on the 6th, 8th, 10th and 12th day, and significantly higher than that of the control on the 2nd day. The total fat content of the aphids of the two color types was lower than that of the same color type on the 2nd day, but higher than that of the same color type on the 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th and 12th day. The content of neutral fat was higher on the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th and 10th day than that of the control, while the content of neutral fat was lower on the 12th day. 6. Energy changes of the two kinds of decomposing bacteria after treatment with 0.2mg/ml rifampicin solution were calculated on the 8th day. The results showed that the energy stored in protein, soluble sugar and glycogen of the treated pea aphid was significantly lower than that of the control. The total energy stored in lipids was significantly lower than that of the control. 7. The dynamic changes of transaminase activity in vivo during the process of de-symbiosis of pea aphid were studied. The results showed that the green pea aphid glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (a) was treated with 0.2 mg/ml rifampicin de-symbiosis bacteria. The activity of AST in the 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th day was higher than that in the control, while the activity of AST in the 10th and 12th day was lower than that in the control. The ALT activity of the red pea aphid was higher than that of the control on the 2nd and 4th day, and the rest was lower than that of the control. The glutamine synthase (GS) activity of the two color pea aphids was higher than that of the control on the 2nd, 4th and 6th day, but from the 8th day, the control was higher than that of the control. And enzyme activity increased alternately.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S433
本文編號(hào)：2209120
[Abstract]:Acyrthosiphon Pisum is one of the main pests of leguminous crops and Forages in the world. It has red and green biological characteristics. The green pea aphid is widely distributed in China, and its harm is serious. The red pea aphid is only distributed in the western part of China, and its population has an obvious increasing trend. The effects of Buchner symbiotic bacteria on the growth and population parameters of two color-type pea aphids and the dynamic changes of substance content and aminotransferase activity in the process of de-symbiotic bacteria of two color-type pea aphids provide a theoretical basis for better understanding the population dynamics of two color-type pea aphids and reducing their damage to legume crops and forages. The main results are as follows: 1. The effects of antibiotics on the growth and reproduction of two color pea aphids were studied. Six kinds of antibiotics (rifampicin, chloramphenicol, chloramphenicol, oxytetracycline hydrochloride, penicillin G potassium salt and streptomycin sulfate) were sprayed simultaneously on broad bean plants and aphid bodies, only on aphid bodies and only on broad bean plants. The results showed that the order of the effects of the three treatments on the growth, development and reproduction of the two types of pea aphids was: spraying plants and insects simultaneously on the surface of the plants. The effects of six antibiotics on the growth, development and reproduction of two color pea aphids were in the following order: rifampicin hydrochloride oxytetracycline hydrochloride oxytetracycline hydrochloride streptomycin sulfate chloramphenicol penicillin G K salt; six antibiotics were treated in three different ways to prolong the development and reproduction of two color pea aphids. Four combinations with different antibiotics and different treatments had great effects on the growth and reproduction of two types of pea aphids, and the sequence was as follows: rifampicin sprayed on plants and rifampicin sprayed on plants at the same time; rifampicin sprayed on plants and rifampicin sprayed on insects at the same time. 2. rifampicin sprayed on plants and worms at the same time. Effects of three different treatments on the population parameters of two color-type pea aphids Rifampicin three treatments showed that the net reproductive rate of the two color-type pea aphids decreased, the average generation cycle prolonged, the intrinsic growth rate and the perimeter growth rate increased, the population doubling time prolonged, and the net reproductive rate, the average generation cycle, the intrinsic growth rate, the perimeter growth rate and the perimeter growth rate increased. The effects of rifampicin treatments on net reproductive rate, intrinsic growth rate and doubling time of red and green populations were significantly different from those of the same colour control. 3. The concentration of rifampicin screened for rifampicin in two colour types of pea aphids showed that rifampicin had significant effects on the net reproductive rate, intrinsic growth rate and doubling time of red and green populations. With the increase of rifampicin concentration, the mortality of nymphs increased, the generations shortened, the fecundity decreased, and the weight of adult aphids decreased. According to the changes of biological parameters after aphid desymbiotic bacteria, rifampicin concentration of the desymbiotic bacteria of pea aphids was 0.2 mg/ml.4. Six kinds of antibiotics (rifampicin, chloramphenicol, chloramphenicol, oxytetracycline hydrochloride, penicillin G potassium salt and streptomycin sulfate) in the solution of 150 ml were used for plant endophytic treatment. Samples were taken on the 6th and 11th days for identification of the aposymbiotic bacteria of the pea aphid. The results of molecular identification and optical microscopy showed that after six kinds of antibiotics treatment on the 6th day, The Buchner bacteria in the two types of pea aphids could not be removed. On the 11th day after treatment with rifampicin and oxytetracycline, the Buchner bacteria in the two types of pea aphids were removed. The protein content of the aphids of the two color types was significantly lower than that of the same color type on the 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th and 12th day, the soluble sugar content of the two color types was significantly lower than that of the same color type on the 6th, 8th, 10th and 12th day, and the glycogen content of the red type was significantly lower than that of the same color type on the 2nd, 6th, 8th, 10th and 12th day, while that of the green type was significantly lower than that of the same color type. The glycogen content of the aphids was significantly lower than that of the control on the 6th, 8th, 10th and 12th day, and significantly higher than that of the control on the 2nd day. The total fat content of the aphids of the two color types was lower than that of the same color type on the 2nd day, but higher than that of the same color type on the 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th and 12th day. The content of neutral fat was higher on the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th and 10th day than that of the control, while the content of neutral fat was lower on the 12th day. 6. Energy changes of the two kinds of decomposing bacteria after treatment with 0.2mg/ml rifampicin solution were calculated on the 8th day. The results showed that the energy stored in protein, soluble sugar and glycogen of the treated pea aphid was significantly lower than that of the control. The total energy stored in lipids was significantly lower than that of the control. 7. The dynamic changes of transaminase activity in vivo during the process of de-symbiosis of pea aphid were studied. The results showed that the green pea aphid glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (a) was treated with 0.2 mg/ml rifampicin de-symbiosis bacteria. The activity of AST in the 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th day was higher than that in the control, while the activity of AST in the 10th and 12th day was lower than that in the control. The ALT activity of the red pea aphid was higher than that of the control on the 2nd and 4th day, and the rest was lower than that of the control. The glutamine synthase (GS) activity of the two color pea aphids was higher than that of the control on the 2nd, 4th and 6th day, but from the 8th day, the control was higher than that of the control. And enzyme activity increased alternately.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S433
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條
1 劉長(zhǎng)仲;杜軍利;張廷偉;錢秀娟;陳應(yīng)武;;溫度對(duì)三葉草彩斑蚜種群參數(shù)的影響[J];應(yīng)用生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào);2012年07期
2 雷忻;鐘瑞;劉利婭;王文強(qiáng);薛浩;;對(duì)硝基苯酚對(duì)泥鰍肝組織結(jié)構(gòu)及丙氨酸轉(zhuǎn)氨酶活性的影響[J];西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2013年09期
，本文編號(hào)：2209120
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/kejilunwen/nykj/2209120.html
最近更新
教材專著
