【摘要】：為給沼液在油茶上的應(yīng)用提供合理與科學的指導,以6年生油茶林為研究對象,采用隨機區(qū)組試驗設(shè)計,設(shè)置了5個施不同沼液量的試驗組(B_0:0 kg/株,對照組;B_1:10 kg/株;B_2:20 kg/株;B_3:30 kg/株;B_4:40 kg/株),連續(xù)2 a觀測其對油茶土壤主要養(yǎng)分含量變化情況及對油茶果實產(chǎn)量、含油率的影響。結(jié)果表明:施用沼液能夠顯著增加土壤中有機質(zhì)、堿解氮、速效磷、速效鉀的含量,對土壤肥力改良作用明顯。在施沼液2 a后,土壤中堿解氮、速效磷、速效鉀的含量均隨著沼液用量的增加而逐漸增加,土壤有機質(zhì)的含量則趨于平穩(wěn)。5組處理中,以B_4(40 kg/株)處理對土壤養(yǎng)分含量的改善效果最好。在油茶果實方面,施用沼液能有效提高油茶單株鮮果產(chǎn)量,改善油茶果實經(jīng)濟性狀。不同沼液用量處理油茶鮮籽含水率、鮮出籽率、種仁含油率、鮮果含油率差異顯著。與對照組B_0處理相比,B_3(30 kg/株)處理油茶鮮出籽率提高了56.7%,干出籽率提高了34.72%;B_4處理主要提高了油茶果實含油率,與對照相比,其種仁含油率提高了21.20%,鮮果含油率提高了58.93%。土壤速效養(yǎng)分含量與油茶果實含油率呈顯著正相關(guān),其中以土壤速效磷含量與果實含油率相關(guān)性最好。因此,施用沼液能夠改善土壤速效養(yǎng)分含量,顯著提高油茶果實含油率。
[Abstract]:In order to provide reasonable and scientific guidance for the application of biogas liquid in Camellia oleifera, a 6-year old oil tea forest was used as the research object. The random block design was used to set up five test groups (B0: 0 kg/ strain) with different amount of biogas liquid. In the control group, B1: 10 kg/ strain, B2: 20 kg/ strain, B3: 30 kg/ strain, B4: 40 kg/ strain) were used to observe the changes of main nutrient contents in Camellia oleifera soil and their effects on the yield and oil content of Camellia oleifera fruit for 2 years. The results showed that the application of biogas liquid could significantly increase the contents of organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in soil, and could improve soil fertility obviously. After the application of biogas liquid for 2 years, the contents of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, rapidly available phosphorus and available potassium increased with the increase of biogas liquid consumption, and the content of soil organic matter tended to steady in the treatment of 5 groups. The effect of B4 (40 kg/ strain) on the improvement of soil nutrient content was the best. In the aspect of Camellia oleifera fruit, the application of biogas liquid can effectively increase the fresh fruit yield per plant and improve the economic characters of Camellia oleifera fruit. The water content, fresh seed yield, seed oil content and fresh fruit oil content of Camellia oleifera treated with different amount of biogas liquor were significantly different. Compared with the control group B0 treatment, the fresh seed yield of Camellia oleifera treated with 30 kg/ was increased by 56.7%, the dry seed yield increased by 34.72%, the oil content of Camellia oleifera fruit was mainly increased by B4 treatment, the oil content of seed kernel and fresh fruit increased 21.20% and 58.93% respectively compared with the control group. The content of soil available nutrients was positively correlated with the oil content of Camellia oleifera fruit, and the correlation between soil available phosphorus content and oil content of Camellia oleifera fruit was the best. Therefore, the application of biogas liquid can improve the content of soil available nutrients and significantly increase the oil content of Camellia oleifera fruit.
【作者單位】： 江西農(nóng)業(yè)大學林學院;江西省森林培育重點實驗室;
【基金】：國家科技支撐項目(2012BAD14B14)
【分類號】：S794.4;S714

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