【摘要】：【目的】明確不同食源異色瓢蟲(chóng)(Harmonia axyridis)脅迫對(duì)棉鈴蟲(chóng)(Helicoverpa armigera)生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育和變態(tài)發(fā)育的影響,探討棉鈴蟲(chóng)是否能感知并分級(jí)捕食風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、能否在生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育和變態(tài)發(fā)育上體現(xiàn)出權(quán)衡效應(yīng);明確長(zhǎng)時(shí)和短時(shí)脅迫對(duì)棉鈴蟲(chóng)壓力蛋白基因表達(dá)的影響,探討異色瓢蟲(chóng)脅迫能否引起棉鈴蟲(chóng)分子水平上的生理反應(yīng)�！痉椒ā客ㄟ^(guò)設(shè)置7種不同食源的異色瓢蟲(chóng)脅迫處理(饑餓處理、蝦卵處理、棉鈴蟲(chóng)幼蟲(chóng)處理、棉鈴蟲(chóng)卵處理、蚜蟲(chóng)處理、蚜蟲(chóng)對(duì)照處理、對(duì)照處理),觀察記錄棉鈴蟲(chóng)在脅迫下的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育(幼蟲(chóng)歷期、蛹?xì)v期、雌雄蛾壽命、總壽命)和變態(tài)發(fā)育(蛹重、化蛹率、羽化失敗率、卷翅率)指標(biāo);設(shè)置長(zhǎng)時(shí)(1齡幼蟲(chóng)至3日齡成蟲(chóng))和短時(shí)(15 min至6 h)異色瓢蟲(chóng)脅迫處理,利用實(shí)時(shí)熒光定量PCR(q RT-PCR)技術(shù)檢測(cè)棉鈴蟲(chóng)壓力蛋白基因(即熱激蛋白基因)Hsp70和Hsp90及熱激同源蛋白基因Hsc70在脅迫后的表達(dá)水平變化。【結(jié)果】在捕食性天敵異色瓢蟲(chóng)的脅迫下,棉鈴蟲(chóng)幼蟲(chóng)歷期、蛹期、雌雄蛾壽命、總壽命均顯著性縮短,蛹重和化蛹率顯著性下降,成蟲(chóng)卷翅率顯著性升高,而羽化失敗率無(wú)顯著性變化。在不同食源的天敵脅迫下,棉鈴蟲(chóng)幼蟲(chóng)歷期在異色瓢蟲(chóng)取食蚜蟲(chóng)時(shí)最短,蛹?xì)v期在瓢蟲(chóng)取食棉鈴蟲(chóng)卵時(shí)最短,總壽命在瓢蟲(chóng)取食蝦卵時(shí)最短,而雌雄蛾壽命在不同食源天敵脅迫下未表現(xiàn)出顯著性差異;棉鈴蟲(chóng)成蟲(chóng)卷翅率在瓢蟲(chóng)取食棉鈴蟲(chóng)卵時(shí)最高,而蛹重、化蛹率、羽化失敗率在不同食源天敵脅迫下未表現(xiàn)出顯著性差異。壓力蛋白基因Hsp70和Hsp90在短時(shí)脅迫下(Hsp70:30min至3 h;Hsp90:15 min、1.5 h、2 h、6 h)表達(dá)水平顯著性上調(diào),熱激同源蛋白基因Hsc70在長(zhǎng)時(shí)脅迫下(5齡幼蟲(chóng)、預(yù)蛹、雄蛹、雌蛾階段)表達(dá)水平顯著性上調(diào)。【結(jié)論】在面對(duì)捕食性天敵異色瓢蟲(chóng)長(zhǎng)時(shí)脅迫作用下,棉鈴蟲(chóng)各生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育階段均出現(xiàn)縮短的現(xiàn)象,即棉鈴蟲(chóng)為躲避被捕食風(fēng)險(xiǎn)表現(xiàn)出了發(fā)育加速的現(xiàn)象,而快速的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育在一定程度上干擾了變態(tài)發(fā)育,導(dǎo)致蛹重和化蛹率下降,成蟲(chóng)卷翅率提高,符合權(quán)衡效應(yīng)。棉鈴蟲(chóng)對(duì)不同食源的天敵脅迫具有不同程度的敏感性,即棉鈴蟲(chóng)對(duì)潛在的捕食風(fēng)險(xiǎn)可能存在一定的分級(jí)能力,但這種分級(jí)能力沒(méi)有得到規(guī)律性體現(xiàn)。異色瓢蟲(chóng)脅迫能夠引起棉鈴蟲(chóng)分子層面的生理反應(yīng),導(dǎo)致壓力蛋白基因的表達(dá)上調(diào),其中壓力蛋白基因Hsp70和Hsp90受到短時(shí)脅迫的反應(yīng)較為明顯,而熱激同源蛋白基因Hsc70受到慢性脅迫刺激的反應(yīng)更為顯著。
[Abstract]:[objective] to investigate the effects of (Harmonia axyridis) stress on the growth and metamorphosis of Helicoverpa armigera (Helicoverpa armigera), and to explore whether Helicoverpa armigera can perceive and classify the predation risk and reflect the tradeoff between growth and metamorphosis. To determine the effect of long and short term stress on the expression of stress protein gene in Helicoverpa armigera. To study the physiological response of Helicoverpa armigera (Helicoverpa armigera) under different stress conditions at molecular level. [methods] the stress treatments of 7 different feeding sources (starvation treatment, shrimp egg treatment, cotton bollworm larva treatment, cotton bollworm egg treatment) were used to study the physiological response of Helicoverpa armigera on molecular level. The growth and development of cotton bollworm under stress (larva duration, pupae duration, female and male moth life span, total life span) and metamorphosis (pupa weight, pupation rate, emergence failure rate) were observed and recorded in aphid treatment, aphid control treatment and control treatment. The index of wing winding rate, the stress treatment of long time (1 instar larva to 3 days old adult) and short time (15 min to 6 h), The expression of stress protein gene (heat shock protein gene) Hsp70 and Hsp90 and heat shock homologous protein gene (Hsc70) in Helicoverpa armigera were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (q RT-PCR. [results] under the stress of predatory natural enemy, the stress level of Helicoverpa armigera was studied. The larval duration, pupal stage, female and male moth life span and total life span of Helicoverpa armigera were significantly shortened, pupae weight and pupation rate decreased significantly, and the wing coiling rate of adult increased significantly, but the Eclosion failure rate did not change significantly. Under the stress of natural enemies from different feeding sources, the larval duration of Helicoverpa armigera was the shortest in feeding aphids, the pupa period was the shortest in feeding eggs of Helicoverpa armigera, and the total life span was the shortest in feeding on shrimp eggs. However, there was no significant difference in the longevity of female and male moth under different natural enemy stress, and the rate of coiling wings of cotton bollworm was the highest, but the weight of pupa and the rate of pupation were the highest when the female and male moth were feeding on the eggs of Helicoverpa armigera. There was no significant difference in Eclosion failure rate under different natural enemy stress. The expression levels of stress protein gene Hsp70 and Hsp90 were significantly up-regulated under short-term stress (Hsp70:30min to 3 h Hsp90: 15 min, 1.5 h, 2 h and 6 h), and the heat shock homologous protein gene Hsc70 (5 instar larva, prepupae, male pupa) was significantly up-regulated under long term stress (5 instar larva, prepupae, male pupa). [conclusion] the growth and development stages of Helicoverpa armigera were shortened under long-term stress. In other words, cotton bollworm showed the phenomenon of accelerated development in order to avoid the predation risk, and the rapid growth and development interfered with metamorphosis to a certain extent, resulting in the decrease of pupae weight and pupation rate, and the increase of adult wing winding rate, which was in line with the tradeoff effect. Helicoverpa armigera has different degree of sensitivity to natural enemy stress from different feeding sources, that is, cotton bollworm may have a certain grading ability to potential predation risk, but this classification ability is not reflected regularly. Stress induced physiological response of Helicoverpa armigera at molecular level and up-regulated the expression of stress protein gene. The stress protein genes Hsp70 and Hsp90 were more obvious under short-term stress. The response of heat shock homologous protein gene Hsc70 to chronic stress was more significant.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)植物保護(hù)學(xué)院;全國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣服務(wù)中心;北京派得偉業(yè)科技發(fā)展有限公司;山東省鄒城市植物保護(hù)站;河北省農(nóng)林科學(xué)院昌黎果樹(shù)研究所;昌黎縣科學(xué)技術(shù)局;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金(31572018)
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S433;S476.2

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