【摘要】：為了解湘西煙區(qū)植煙土壤主要養(yǎng)分的區(qū)域分布狀況以及它們之間的關(guān)系,檢測了湘西州主要煙區(qū)488個(gè)土壤樣本的pH、有機(jī)質(zhì)、堿解氮、有效磷和速效鉀含量,采用基本統(tǒng)計(jì)特征分析、方差分析等方法分析了湘西州植煙土壤主要養(yǎng)分的區(qū)域分布特征,采用回歸分析方法研究了植煙土壤pH、有機(jī)質(zhì)與堿解氮、有效磷、速效鉀的關(guān)系。主要研究結(jié)論如下：(1)植煙土壤pH：①湘西煙區(qū)植煙土壤pH變幅為3.87-7.25,平均值為5.86,總體適宜；②保靖縣植煙土壤pH顯著高于古丈縣、花垣縣、永順縣、鳳凰縣和瀘溪縣等縣,龍山縣植煙土壤pH顯著高于古丈縣；③植煙土壤pH處于適宜的土壤樣本占72.75%；④灰黃土、灰黃泥、灰黃棕土等植煙土壤類型的pH顯著高于水稻土；⑤湘西州植煙土壤pH有隨海拔升高而升高的趨勢。(2)植煙土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)：①湘西煙區(qū)植煙土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量變幅為3.12-62.97g/kg,平均值為21.69g/kg,總體適宜；②永順縣和鳳凰縣的植煙土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量極顯著高于花垣縣、保靖縣和古丈縣等縣,但花垣縣植煙土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量極顯著低于龍山縣；③植煙土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量處于適宜范圍內(nèi)的樣本占41.48%；④水稻土、灰黃棕土的有機(jī)質(zhì)含量顯著高于紅壤、灰黃土；⑤湘西州植煙土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量有隨海拔升高而升高的趨勢；⑥植煙土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)有隨pH升高而升高的變化趨勢。(3)植煙土壤堿解氮：①湘西煙區(qū)植煙土壤堿解氮含量變幅為10.80-209.41mg/kg,平均值為97.37mg/kg,處于較低水平；②保靖縣、永順縣植煙土壤堿解氮含量極顯著低于鳳凰縣；③湘西煙區(qū)植煙土壤堿解氮含量處于適宜范圍內(nèi)的樣本有27.16%；④淺灰黃泥的堿解氮含量極顯著高于紅壤、石灰土、灰黃土；灰黃土、黃壤、水稻土、灰黃泥、灰黃棕土的堿解氮含量極顯著高于紅壤、石灰土；⑤植煙土壤堿解氮含量與海拔高度關(guān)系不明顯；⑥植煙土壤堿解氮有隨pH升高而減少的變化趨勢；⑦植煙土壤堿解氮有隨有機(jī)質(zhì)升高而升高的變化趨勢。(4)植煙土壤有效磷：①湘西煙區(qū)植煙土壤有效磷含量變幅為2.21～141.61mg/kg,平均值為35.35mg/kg,處于較高水平；②龍山縣植煙土壤有效磷含量極顯著高于除龍山縣以外的各縣；③湘西煙區(qū)植煙土壤有效磷含量處于適宜范圍內(nèi)的樣本占25.93%；④黃棕壤土壤的有效磷含量極顯著地高于水稻土、石灰土、紅壤、紅灰土；⑤湘西煙區(qū)植煙土壤有效磷含量的高低有隨海拔高度的升高而增高的趨勢；⑥植煙土壤有效磷有隨pH升高而升高的變化趨勢；⑦植煙土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)與有效磷存在2次曲線關(guān)系。(5)植煙土壤速效鉀：①湘西煙區(qū)植煙土壤速效鉀含量變幅在22.59-533.33mg/kg,平均值為183.68 mg/kg,總體上處于適宜水平；②永順縣、龍山縣植煙土壤速效鉀含量極顯著高于瀘溪縣、鳳凰縣、花垣縣和古丈縣等縣,且保靖縣植煙土壤速效鉀含量極顯著高于瀘溪縣、花垣縣和鳳凰縣等縣；鳳凰縣植煙土壤速效鉀含量極顯著高于瀘溪縣；③湘西州植煙土壤速效鉀含量處于適宜范圍內(nèi)的樣本為27.10%；④黃棕壤的速效鉀含量高于其他土壤類型；⑤植煙土壤速效鉀含量有隨海拔的升高而升高的趨勢；⑥植煙土壤速效鉀含量有隨pH的升高而升高的趨勢；⑦植煙土壤速效鉀含量有隨有機(jī)質(zhì)含量的升高而升高的趨勢。
[Abstract]:In order to understand the regional distribution of main nutrients in tobacco-growing soils in Western Hunan and the relationship between them, the contents of pH, organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in 488 soil samples from main tobacco-growing areas in Western Hunan were measured. The main nutrients in tobacco-growing soils in Western Hunan were analyzed by means of basic statistical characteristics analysis and variance analysis. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Soil pH of tobacco planting is 3.87-7.25, with an average value of 5.86, which is generally suitable for tobacco planting in Western Hunan; and (2) Soil pH of tobacco planting in Baojing County is significantly higher than that in Guzhang County and Huayuan County. In Yongshun County, Fenghuang County and Luxi County, the pH of tobacco planting soil in Longshan County was significantly higher than that in Guzhang County; (3) The pH of tobacco planting soil in suitable soil samples accounted for 72.75%; (4) The pH of tobacco planting soil types such as lime-loess, lime-yellow mud and lime-yellow-brown soil was significantly higher than that of paddy soil; (2) The pH of tobacco planting soil in Xiangxi County increased with the elevation. Soil organic matter: 1. The range of tobacco planting soil organic matter content in Xiangxi tobacco-growing areas was 3.12-62.97 g/kg, with an average of 21.69 g/kg, which was generally suitable; 2. The content of tobacco planting soil organic matter in Yongshun and Fenghuang counties was significantly higher than that in Huayuan, Baojing and Guzhang counties, but the content of tobacco planting soil organic matter in Huayuan county was significantly lower than that in Longshan county; The organic matter content of tobacco planting soils was 41.48%. The organic matter content of paddy soils was significantly higher than that of red soils and grey loess. _The organic matter content of tobacco planting soils in Xiangxi Prefecture increased with altitude. _The organic matter content of tobacco planting soils increased with the increase of pH. Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen (ALN) in tobacco-growing soils of Western Hunan ranged from 10.80 mg/kg to 209.41 mg/kg, with an average value of 97.37 mg/kg, which was at a lower level; the contents of ALN in tobacco-growing soils of Baojing County and Yongshun County were significantly lower than those of Fenghuang County; the contents of ALN in tobacco-growing soils of Western Hunan were 27.16% in the appropriate range; and the contents of ALN in tobacco-growing soils of shallow gray The content of alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen in soil was significantly higher than that in red soil, lime soil and lime loess; the content of alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen in lime loess, yellow soil, paddy soil, lime yellow soil and lime yellow brown soil was significantly higher than that in red soil and lime soil; _The relationship between the content of alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen in tobacco planting soil and altitude was not obvious; _The alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen in tobacco planting soil decreased with the increase of pH; (4) available phosphorus in tobacco-growing soils: 1) the content of available phosphorus in tobacco-growing soils in Western Hunan ranged from 2.21 mg/kg to 141.61 mg/kg, with an average value of 35.35 mg/kg, which was at a higher level; 2) the content of available phosphorus in tobacco-growing soils in Longshan County was significantly higher than that in other counties except Longshan County; The available phosphorus content of tobacco planting soils in Western Hunan tobacco-growing areas was 25.93%. The available phosphorus content of yellow brown soil was significantly higher than that of paddy soil, lime soil, red soil and red lime soil. _The available phosphorus content of tobacco planting soils in Western Hunan tobacco-growing areas increased with the elevation. (5) Soil available potassium in tobacco-growing areas in Western Hunan Province: The range of soil available potassium content in tobacco-growing areas ranged from 22.59 mg/kg to 533.33 mg/kg, with an average value of 183.68 mg/kg, which was in an appropriate level on the whole; (2) Soil available potassium content in tobacco-growing areas in Yongshun County and Longshan County The content of available potassium in tobacco-planting soil in Baojing County was significantly higher than that in Luxi County, Huayuan County and Fenghuang County; the content of available potassium in tobacco-planting soil in Fenghuang County was significantly higher than that in Luxi County; the content of available potassium in tobacco-planting soil in Xiangxi County was 27.10%. (4) The content of available potassium in yellow brown soil was higher than that in other soil types; _The content of available potassium in tobacco-planting soil increased with the elevation; _The content of available potassium in tobacco-planting soil increased with the increase of pH; _The content of available potassium in tobacco-planting soil increased with the increase of organic matter content.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S572;S158

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