ABR-改進(jìn)型CRI工藝對(duì)養(yǎng)豬污水的處理研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-14 14:47
【摘要】：我國(guó)是世界上養(yǎng)豬最多的國(guó)家,廣西作為全國(guó)養(yǎng)豬大省,養(yǎng)豬產(chǎn)業(yè)迅速發(fā)展,但同時(shí)又產(chǎn)生大量污水,對(duì)環(huán)境造成了很大的污染。研究養(yǎng)豬污水的處理工藝,使之達(dá)標(biāo)排放,不僅為養(yǎng)豬污水處理工藝提供了理論依據(jù),對(duì)于保護(hù)環(huán)境也有很大的意義。本論文主要以改進(jìn)型人工快速滲濾系統(tǒng)(CRI)為主體,結(jié)合厭氧折流板反應(yīng)器(ABR)和曝氣處理對(duì)養(yǎng)豬污水進(jìn)行處理研究。探討了改進(jìn)型CRI和組合工藝對(duì)養(yǎng)豬污水的處理效果分析,并研究了 CRI內(nèi)不同高度、加水前后填料的酶活性變化和微生態(tài)分析。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容和結(jié)論如下:1.改進(jìn)型CRI運(yùn)行研究:(1)相同進(jìn)水條件下,長(zhǎng)、短柱對(duì)養(yǎng)豬污水的COD處理效果相差不大,但大柱對(duì)污水中NH3-N的去除效果較小柱好;水力負(fù)荷與COD和NH3-N的去除率呈負(fù)相關(guān);提高進(jìn)水的有機(jī)負(fù)荷可在一定程度上可提高污水COD的去除率,但當(dāng)有機(jī)負(fù)荷增加到一定程度時(shí),CRI系統(tǒng)的去除率基本保持穩(wěn)定。(2)一二級(jí)聯(lián)用可有效提高改進(jìn)型CRI對(duì)養(yǎng)豬污水的處理效果,在進(jìn)水COD濃度為340～471mg/L時(shí),一級(jí)和二級(jí)滲濾柱出水濃度分別為183～234mg/L和49～102mg/L;進(jìn)水NH3-N濃度為85～155mg/L,一級(jí)和二級(jí)滲濾柱出水濃度分別為85～155mg/L和9～31mg/L。(3)在一級(jí)滲濾柱中,隨各填料層厚度的增加,出水COD濃度基本呈下降趨勢(shì),NH3-N濃度持續(xù)下降,NO2--N濃度先增加后降低,NO3--N濃度持續(xù)增加,pH持續(xù)降低。二級(jí)滲濾柱中,COD、NH3-N、NO3--N和pH變化規(guī)律與一級(jí)滲濾柱相似,但NO2--N隨各填料層的增加,濃度持續(xù)下降。(4)提高進(jìn)水碳氮比后,系統(tǒng)對(duì)污水COD和NH3-N的去除效果增強(qiáng);與低碳氮比時(shí)不同,NO2--N濃度在一級(jí)滲濾柱中濃度基本呈下降趨勢(shì),在二級(jí)滲濾柱中下降更明顯;NO3--N濃度依然呈升高趨勢(shì);一級(jí)滲濾柱出水的pH與低碳氮比時(shí)變化規(guī)律相同,呈下降趨勢(shì),但二級(jí)滲濾柱出水pH變化不大。2.組合工藝對(duì)養(yǎng)豬污水的處理研究:(1)ABR反應(yīng)器對(duì)養(yǎng)豬污水COD的去除主要發(fā)生在第1、2格室,第4格室最少。(2)COD和NH3-N去除效果最好的是工藝二(ABR-曝氣-改進(jìn)型CRI),ABR進(jìn)水濃度為734～1436mg/L,曝氣出水達(dá)到238～882mg/L,工藝出水可達(dá)50mg/L左右;添加曝氣處理后工藝二對(duì)NH3-N的去除影響明顯,去除率達(dá)99%以上。(3)NO2--N濃度變化規(guī)律在工藝一(ABR-改進(jìn)型CRI)與工藝二中相似,ABR進(jìn)出水濃度變化不明顯,在CRI一級(jí)處理中濃度上升明顯,在CRI二級(jí)處理后濃度又出現(xiàn)明顯下降。在工藝三(曝氣-ABR-改進(jìn)型CRI)中,N02--N濃度在ABR反應(yīng)器處理前后出現(xiàn)下降趨勢(shì)。(3)NO3--N濃度在工藝二中污水經(jīng)曝氣處理后沒有升高趨勢(shì),但在工藝三中NO3--N濃度升高明顯,且經(jīng)ABR處理后NO3--N濃度出現(xiàn)明顯下降。(4)TN去除效果在添加曝氣處理后去除效果變化明顯,工藝一和工藝二進(jìn)水TN分別為595mg/L和646mg/L時(shí),去除率分別為14.22%和45.57%,工藝二較工藝一去除效果明顯提高。將曝氣處理放置于ABR前端可有效提高ABR對(duì)TN的去除效果。3.改進(jìn)型CRI系統(tǒng)內(nèi)填料的酶活性分析:長(zhǎng)柱中填料的4種酶(過氧化氫酶、脲酶、硝酸鹽還原酶和亞硝酸鹽還原酶)活性在加水后活性一般均高于加水前,且水力負(fù)荷較高時(shí)酶活性也較高。填料中過氧化氫酶和脲酶活性在一級(jí)柱中要大于二級(jí)柱,填料的硝酸鹽還原酶和亞硝酸鹽還原酶活性二級(jí)柱略大于一級(jí)柱。4.改進(jìn)型CRI內(nèi)填料高通量測(cè)序分析。(1)在改進(jìn)型CRI一級(jí)滲濾柱內(nèi),在門的分類水平上填料的變形菌門、擬桿菌門、厚壁菌門、放線菌和綠彎菌門的相對(duì)豐度較大,變形菌門為絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)類群。在屬的分類水平上亞硝化菌屬在一級(jí)滲濾柱上、中、下部加水前和加水后均有發(fā)現(xiàn),且在CRI中層比率最高分別為6.95%和3.42%,硝化菌屬在一級(jí)滲濾柱下層比率最高,加水前后分別為2.09%、3.04%,厭氧氨氧化菌在一級(jí)滲濾柱內(nèi)并未發(fā)現(xiàn)。(2)在改進(jìn)型CRI二級(jí)滲濾柱內(nèi),在門的分類水平上與一級(jí)滲濾柱相似,變形菌門、擬桿菌門、厚壁菌門和放線菌門的相對(duì)豐度最大,變形菌門為絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)類群。與一級(jí)滲濾柱不同,亞硝化菌屬在滲濾柱上層位置采樣口樣品中比率最高加水前后分別為4.15%和5.34%。硝化菌屬在加水前、后二級(jí)滲濾柱的上層填料取樣口樣品中比率均較高,分別為3.85%和2.44%。在二級(jí)滲濾柱中層發(fā)現(xiàn)厭氧氨氧化菌屬,在二級(jí)滲濾柱中層樣品加水前、后比率分別為0.02%、0.1%。
[Abstract]:China has the largest number of pig-raising countries in the world. As a big pig-raising Province in China, the pig-raising industry in Guangxi has developed rapidly, but at the same time a large amount of sewage has been produced, which has caused great pollution to the environment. The purpose of this paper is to study the treatment of swine wastewater by improved rapid infiltration system (CRI), combined with anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) and aeration. The effect of improved CRI and combined process on swine wastewater treatment is discussed, and the change of enzyme activity of filler in different height of CRI before and after adding water is studied. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) Under the same influent conditions, the COD treatment effect of long and short columns on pig sewage is similar, but the removal effect of large columns on NH3-N in sewage is better; hydraulic load is negatively correlated with the removal rate of COD and NH3-N; increasing the organic load of influent is feasible. To a certain extent, the removal rate of COD can be improved, but the removal rate of CRI system is basically stable when the organic load is increased to a certain extent. (2) The treatment effect of modified CRI on pig sewage can be effectively improved by using the first and second cascades. When the COD concentration of influent water is 340-471 mg/L, the effluent concentration of primary and secondary leachate columns is 183-23, respectively. The influent NH3-N concentration was 85-155mg/L, and the effluent concentration of primary and secondary filtration columns were 85-155mg/L and 9-31mg/L, respectively. (3) With the increase of the thickness of each packing layer, the COD concentration of effluent decreased, NH3-N concentration decreased, NO2-N concentration increased first and then decreased, NO3-N concentration increased, P. In the secondary filtration column, COD, NH3-N, NO3-N and pH were similar to those in the primary filtration column, but the concentration of NO2-N decreased continuously with the increase of the filler layers. (4) The removal efficiency of COD and NH3-N was enhanced with the increase of influent C/N ratio, and the concentration of NO2-N in the primary filtration column was basically decreased, unlike that in the low C/N ratio. The pH value of the effluent from the first stage was the same as that of the low C/N ratio, but the pH value of the effluent from the second stage had little change. 2. Study on the treatment of pig sewage by the combined process: (1) COD removal from pig sewage by ABR reactor mainly occurred. The best removal effect of COD and NH3-N was process 2 (ABR-aeration-improved CRI), the influent concentration of ABR was 734-1436 mg/L, the aerated effluent was 238-882 mg/L, and the effluent was about 50 mg/L. The removal rate of NH3-N was over 99% after aeration treatment. In process one (ABR-modified CRI) and process two, the concentration of influent and effluent of ABR did not change significantly, but increased significantly in CRI treatment, and decreased significantly after CRI treatment. In process three (aeration-ABR-modified CRI), the concentration of N02-N decreased before and after the treatment of ABR reactor. In process 2, the concentration of NO3-N in process 3 increased significantly, and the concentration of NO3-N decreased significantly after treatment with ABR. (4) The removal efficiency of TN changed significantly after treatment with aeration. When TN in process 1 and process 2 was 595 mg/L and 646 mg/L respectively, the removal efficiency was 14.22%. The removal efficiency of TN by ABR can be improved by aeration treatment in front of ABR. 3. Enzyme activity analysis of fillers in improved CRI system: the activities of four enzymes (catalase, urease, nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase) in the fillers in the column were generally normal after adding water. The activity of catalase and urease in the filler was higher in the first column than in the second column. The activity of nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase in the second column was slightly higher than that in the first column. 4. High throughput sequencing analysis of the filler in the improved CRI. The relative abundance of proteus, bacteroides, sclerenchyma, actinomycetes and Campylobacter aeruginosa was relatively high at the phylum classification level, and the Proteus was the absolute dominant group. 95% and 3.42% of the nitrifying bacteria were found in the lower layer of the first-order percolation column, and the ratio of nitrifying bacteria was the highest, which was 2.09% and 3.04% respectively before and after adding water. Anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria were not found in the first-order percolation column. (2) In the improved CRI secondary percolation column, the classification level of the door was similar to that of the first-order percolation column. Unlike the first-order percolation column, the highest ratios of nitrosobacteria were 4.15% and 5.34% before and after water addition, respectively. The ratios of nitrobacteria were higher in the upper-level filler samples of the second-order percolation column before and after water addition, which were 3.85% and 2.44% respectively. Anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria were found in the middle layer of the leachate column. The ratio of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria to anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria was 0.02% and 0.1% respectively before adding water to the middle layer of the secondary leachate column.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X713
本文編號(hào)：2183196
[Abstract]:China has the largest number of pig-raising countries in the world. As a big pig-raising Province in China, the pig-raising industry in Guangxi has developed rapidly, but at the same time a large amount of sewage has been produced, which has caused great pollution to the environment. The purpose of this paper is to study the treatment of swine wastewater by improved rapid infiltration system (CRI), combined with anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) and aeration. The effect of improved CRI and combined process on swine wastewater treatment is discussed, and the change of enzyme activity of filler in different height of CRI before and after adding water is studied. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) Under the same influent conditions, the COD treatment effect of long and short columns on pig sewage is similar, but the removal effect of large columns on NH3-N in sewage is better; hydraulic load is negatively correlated with the removal rate of COD and NH3-N; increasing the organic load of influent is feasible. To a certain extent, the removal rate of COD can be improved, but the removal rate of CRI system is basically stable when the organic load is increased to a certain extent. (2) The treatment effect of modified CRI on pig sewage can be effectively improved by using the first and second cascades. When the COD concentration of influent water is 340-471 mg/L, the effluent concentration of primary and secondary leachate columns is 183-23, respectively. The influent NH3-N concentration was 85-155mg/L, and the effluent concentration of primary and secondary filtration columns were 85-155mg/L and 9-31mg/L, respectively. (3) With the increase of the thickness of each packing layer, the COD concentration of effluent decreased, NH3-N concentration decreased, NO2-N concentration increased first and then decreased, NO3-N concentration increased, P. In the secondary filtration column, COD, NH3-N, NO3-N and pH were similar to those in the primary filtration column, but the concentration of NO2-N decreased continuously with the increase of the filler layers. (4) The removal efficiency of COD and NH3-N was enhanced with the increase of influent C/N ratio, and the concentration of NO2-N in the primary filtration column was basically decreased, unlike that in the low C/N ratio. The pH value of the effluent from the first stage was the same as that of the low C/N ratio, but the pH value of the effluent from the second stage had little change. 2. Study on the treatment of pig sewage by the combined process: (1) COD removal from pig sewage by ABR reactor mainly occurred. The best removal effect of COD and NH3-N was process 2 (ABR-aeration-improved CRI), the influent concentration of ABR was 734-1436 mg/L, the aerated effluent was 238-882 mg/L, and the effluent was about 50 mg/L. The removal rate of NH3-N was over 99% after aeration treatment. In process one (ABR-modified CRI) and process two, the concentration of influent and effluent of ABR did not change significantly, but increased significantly in CRI treatment, and decreased significantly after CRI treatment. In process three (aeration-ABR-modified CRI), the concentration of N02-N decreased before and after the treatment of ABR reactor. In process 2, the concentration of NO3-N in process 3 increased significantly, and the concentration of NO3-N decreased significantly after treatment with ABR. (4) The removal efficiency of TN changed significantly after treatment with aeration. When TN in process 1 and process 2 was 595 mg/L and 646 mg/L respectively, the removal efficiency was 14.22%. The removal efficiency of TN by ABR can be improved by aeration treatment in front of ABR. 3. Enzyme activity analysis of fillers in improved CRI system: the activities of four enzymes (catalase, urease, nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase) in the fillers in the column were generally normal after adding water. The activity of catalase and urease in the filler was higher in the first column than in the second column. The activity of nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase in the second column was slightly higher than that in the first column. 4. High throughput sequencing analysis of the filler in the improved CRI. The relative abundance of proteus, bacteroides, sclerenchyma, actinomycetes and Campylobacter aeruginosa was relatively high at the phylum classification level, and the Proteus was the absolute dominant group. 95% and 3.42% of the nitrifying bacteria were found in the lower layer of the first-order percolation column, and the ratio of nitrifying bacteria was the highest, which was 2.09% and 3.04% respectively before and after adding water. Anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria were not found in the first-order percolation column. (2) In the improved CRI secondary percolation column, the classification level of the door was similar to that of the first-order percolation column. Unlike the first-order percolation column, the highest ratios of nitrosobacteria were 4.15% and 5.34% before and after water addition, respectively. The ratios of nitrobacteria were higher in the upper-level filler samples of the second-order percolation column before and after water addition, which were 3.85% and 2.44% respectively. Anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria were found in the middle layer of the leachate column. The ratio of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria to anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria was 0.02% and 0.1% respectively before adding water to the middle layer of the secondary leachate column.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X713
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