【摘要】：將土壤動物分為捕食性、腐食性、雜食性、食木性和菌食性5個功能群,研究馬尾松人工林各功能群大型土壤動物隨郁閉度(0.5、0.6、0.7、0.8、0.9)的變化.結(jié)果表明:1)各郁閉度馬尾松人工林大型土壤動物以腐食性個體比例最高,類群上以雜食性和食木性為主.2)馬尾松人工林大型捕食性土壤動物個體數(shù)、類群數(shù)和食木性類群數(shù)在0.5~0.6郁閉度下無顯著變化,在0.6~0.9郁閉度下顯著降低.3)隨郁閉度增大,枯落物層捕食性土壤動物個體和類群數(shù)顯著減少,5~10 cm層腐食性土壤動物個體數(shù)呈不規(guī)則的波動變化.食木性土壤動物個體數(shù)隨土層加深而增多,且在枯落層其類群數(shù)及5~10 cm層個體和類群數(shù)隨郁閉度增大而顯著減少.4)不同郁閉度下,除食木性土壤動物功能群Pielou均勻度無顯著差異外,食木性和腐食性土壤動物各多樣性指標(biāo)均差異顯著;捕食性土壤動物僅Simpson優(yōu)勢度指數(shù)在0.5~0.8郁閉度下無顯著變化,在0.8~0.9郁閉度下顯著降低.5)典范對應(yīng)分析(CCA)顯示,不同郁閉度馬尾松人工林大型土壤動物功能群主要受土壤容重和含水量的影響.含水量對腐食性土壤動物個體數(shù)影響較大,食木性、捕食性土壤動物受土壤容重影響,捕食性土壤動物Simpson優(yōu)勢度指數(shù)受土壤pH和全磷影響.大型土壤動物功能群結(jié)構(gòu)在0.7郁閉度下相對穩(wěn)定,有利于馬尾松人工林地力維持和生態(tài)功能的發(fā)揮.
[Abstract]:Soil animals were divided into five functional groups: predatory, scavenging, omnivorous, wood-eating and fungicidal. The changes of macrofauna with canopy density (0.50.60.70.70.8g) in Pinus massoniana plantation were studied. The results showed that the percentage of large soil fauna in Pinus massoniana plantation with different canopy density was the highest, and that in the group was mainly omnivorous and wood eating. 2) the individual number of large predatory soil animals in Pinus massoniana plantation was the highest. There was no significant change in group number and vegetative group number under 0.5 ~ 0.6 canopy density, but decreased significantly at 0.6 ~ 0.9 canopy density. The number of individuals and groups of predatory soil animals in litter layer decreased significantly, and the individual numbers of scavenging soil animals in 10 cm layer of litter layer fluctuated irregularly. The number of individuals of wood-eating soil animals increased with the deepening of soil layer, and at the litter layer, the number of groups and the number of individuals and groups in 5 ~ 10 cm layer decreased significantly with the increase of canopy density. Except for the Pielou evenness of wood-eating soil animal functional group, the diversity indexes of wood-eating and scavenging soil fauna were significantly different, and the predatory soil fauna had no significant change in Simpson dominance index under 0.50.8-canopy closure. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed that the large soil animal functional groups of Pinus massoniana plantation with different canopy density were mainly affected by soil bulk density and water content. Water content had a great influence on the individual number of scavenging soil animals, wood eating, predatory soil animals were affected by soil bulk density, and Simpson dominance index of predatory soil animals was affected by soil pH and total phosphorus. The structure of large soil fauna functional group is relatively stable at the density of 0.7 canopy, which is beneficial to the maintenance of soil fertility and the development of ecological function of Pinus massoniana plantation.
【作者單位】： 四川農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)生態(tài)林業(yè)研究所/林業(yè)生態(tài)工程省級重點實驗室;四川農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)林學(xué)院;成都市農(nóng)林科學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(31370628)資助~~
【分類號】：S714.3

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