【摘要】：利用魯西南1981~2014年連陰雨資料,分析了春、夏、秋季節(jié)連陰雨年變化趨勢(shì),連陰雨對(duì)農(nóng)作物生長(zhǎng)、產(chǎn)量及秋收秋種的影響。結(jié)果表明:春季連陰雨有明顯減小趨勢(shì),夏季連陰雨變化不明顯,秋季連陰雨有明顯增加趨勢(shì);春季發(fā)生連陰雨的概率為47%,2年一遇,夏、秋季連陰雨出現(xiàn)概率均為97%,幾乎每年一遇;秋季連陰雨對(duì)棉花、夏玉米等秋作物危害最大,連陰雨使夏玉米灌漿不足,貪青晚熟,棉鈴霉?fàn)�,脫落,鈴重減輕,造成夏玉米、棉花產(chǎn)量降低、品質(zhì)下降;月降水量與作物產(chǎn)量相關(guān)分析,4月降水量與冬小麥產(chǎn)量呈顯著正相關(guān),7、10月降水量與棉花產(chǎn)量呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān)。連陰雨使成熟秋作物不能及時(shí)收獲、晾曬而霉變,導(dǎo)致秋收秋播相應(yīng)推遲,晚播冬小麥分蘗少,苗情較差,次年冬小麥產(chǎn)量較低;但播種前適宜的降水也使農(nóng)田墑情較好,冬小麥苗情較好,壯苗越冬,次年產(chǎn)量增加。
[Abstract]:Based on the continuous overcast rain data from 1981 to 2014 in Southwest Shandong Province, the trends of continuous overcast rain in spring, summer and autumn seasons were analyzed. The effects of continuous rain on crop growth, yield and autumn harvest were analyzed. The results show that the continuous rain in spring decreases obviously, the continuous rain in summer is not obvious, and the continuous rain in autumn is obviously increasing, and the probability of continuous rain in spring is 47%, once in 2 years, and in summer. The probability of continuous rain in autumn is both 97%, almost once a year. Continuous rain in autumn is the most harmful to cotton, summer corn and other autumn crops. Continuous rain causes insufficient grain filling of summer corn, greening late maturing, cotton boll mildew, falling off, and reducing boll weight, resulting in summer corn. The monthly precipitation and crop yield were positively correlated with winter wheat yield in April and negatively correlated with cotton yield in October. The continuous rain caused the mature autumn crops not to be harvested in time and dried and mildewed, which resulted in the corresponding delay of autumn sowing. The late sowing winter wheat had fewer tillers, the seedling condition was poor, and the next winter wheat yield was lower, but the suitable precipitation before sowing also made the farmland moisture content better. Winter wheat seedling condition is good, strong seedling overwintering, next year yield increases.
【作者單位】： 山東省菏澤市氣象局;山東省鄆城縣氣象局;
【基金】：國(guó)家小麥產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系小麥體系項(xiàng)目(CARS-03)
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S42

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本文編號(hào)：2170106