黑土團(tuán)聚體的孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)特征與有機(jī)碳礦化的關(guān)系研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-02 17:53
【摘要】：土壤團(tuán)聚體是土壤結(jié)構(gòu)的基本單元,土壤功能的實(shí)現(xiàn)離不開土壤團(tuán)聚體,團(tuán)聚體結(jié)構(gòu)與土壤有機(jī)碳(Soil organic carbon,SOC)動(dòng)態(tài)變化之間聯(lián)系密切。土壤團(tuán)聚體結(jié)構(gòu)特征與有機(jī)碳礦化之間的關(guān)系研究有利于我們更加精確闡述團(tuán)聚體在有機(jī)碳動(dòng)態(tài)變化中起到的作用,進(jìn)而更加全面地解釋團(tuán)聚體固碳機(jī)制。計(jì)算機(jī)斷層掃技術(shù)(Computed tomography,CT)的快速發(fā)展為土壤結(jié)構(gòu)和團(tuán)聚體結(jié)構(gòu)研究提供了新的技術(shù)支撐。本論文以東北典型中層黑土上建立的保護(hù)性耕作長期定位試驗(yàn)土壤和自然土壤為研究對象,系統(tǒng)分析了1-2mm大團(tuán)聚體(以下簡稱大團(tuán)聚體)和0.053-0.25mm微團(tuán)聚體(以下簡稱微團(tuán)聚體)內(nèi)部,大團(tuán)聚體間和微團(tuán)聚體間,以及全土尺度上的孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)特征,并結(jié)合團(tuán)聚體結(jié)合的有機(jī)碳(SOC)、易氧化性有機(jī)碳(Readily oxidized organic carbon,ROC)以及SOC礦化速率進(jìn)行相關(guān)性分析,定量評價(jià)黑土團(tuán)聚體結(jié)構(gòu)與有機(jī)碳礦化之間的關(guān)系,以期揭示不同耕作方式下黑土團(tuán)聚體對有機(jī)碳的固定機(jī)制。主要研究結(jié)論如下:(1)自然土壤與不同耕作方式下黑土大團(tuán)聚體和微團(tuán)聚體孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)存在差異。自然土壤大團(tuán)聚體10-30μm孔徑孔隙度、100μm孔徑孔隙度和總孔隙明顯高于不同耕作方式下黑土大團(tuán)聚體,而孔隙數(shù)量則顯著小于耕作土壤。然而,總體來看,自然土壤大團(tuán)聚體和微團(tuán)聚體內(nèi)部孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)與免耕下土壤結(jié)構(gòu)差異較大,而與壟作下對應(yīng)參數(shù)值極為接近,說明壟作具有增強(qiáng)團(tuán)聚體穩(wěn)定性,促使其向著趨近于自然土壤良好結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)展的潛力。(2)自然土壤和免耕下原狀土體在100-500μm孔徑孔隙度、孔隙長度以及比表面積等參數(shù)存在顯著性差異。大團(tuán)聚體間孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)與原狀土體十分相似,是土壤結(jié)構(gòu)組成的主體骨架。微團(tuán)聚體間孔隙度和孔隙數(shù)量均以100-500μm孔徑孔隙為主,且與原狀土體和大團(tuán)聚體間結(jié)構(gòu)存在顯著差異,而且微團(tuán)聚體間結(jié)構(gòu)不能成為組成團(tuán)聚體間結(jié)構(gòu)的重要支架,只能起到調(diào)節(jié)作用。然而,不容忽視的是微團(tuán)聚體顆粒較小,填補(bǔ)了團(tuán)聚體間較大孔隙,能夠促使整體孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)向中小孔隙方向發(fā)展。(3)自然土壤大團(tuán)聚體100μm和總孔隙度與SOC和ROC存在較好的相關(guān)性,常規(guī)性耕作和保護(hù)性耕作與團(tuán)聚體結(jié)合碳和ROC相關(guān)性較差。大團(tuán)聚體內(nèi)部10-30μm孔徑孔隙度、孔隙數(shù)量和比表面積在提升團(tuán)聚體結(jié)合碳和ROC含量上起著積極作用�？偪紫抖群�100μm孔徑孔隙度、中軸均長、節(jié)點(diǎn)面積和半徑以及彎曲度等參數(shù)的增大不利于團(tuán)聚體結(jié)合碳和ROC固定。微團(tuán)聚體內(nèi)孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)與有機(jī)碳的關(guān)系明顯差于大團(tuán)聚體,僅總孔隙度和10-30μm孔徑孔隙度與有機(jī)碳存在顯著相關(guān)關(guān)系。(4)大團(tuán)聚體間孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)與有機(jī)碳之間的相關(guān)關(guān)系要比微團(tuán)聚體明顯,二者共同作用影響全土孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)與有機(jī)碳的關(guān)系。大團(tuán)聚體間30-60μm、100-500μm、500μm孔徑孔隙度與團(tuán)聚體結(jié)合碳存在很好的相關(guān)關(guān)系,而微團(tuán)聚體間僅表現(xiàn)出30-60μm孔徑孔隙度、節(jié)點(diǎn)面積和半徑與團(tuán)聚體結(jié)合碳呈現(xiàn)出一定的相關(guān)性。同時(shí),一個(gè)穩(wěn)定地團(tuán)聚環(huán)境和充足碳源輸入條件下大團(tuán)聚體吸附微團(tuán)聚體,或者在大團(tuán)聚體內(nèi)部形成微團(tuán)聚體,是有效隔絕微團(tuán)聚體表面碳被分解,以大團(tuán)聚體核心碳形式固定下來的有效固碳形式。(5)全土尺度上60-100μm和100-500μm孔徑孔隙度、孔隙數(shù)量、孔隙長度、節(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù)量、比表面積和彎曲度均與有機(jī)碳存在很好的相關(guān)關(guān)系。60-100μm孔徑和100-500μm孔徑孔隙有利于有機(jī)碳的積累。孔隙數(shù)量、節(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù)量、孔隙長度和彎曲度對于土壤中有機(jī)碳和易氧化性有機(jī)碳調(diào)節(jié)作用明顯。而且,全土中孔隙間結(jié)構(gòu)是有機(jī)碳進(jìn)入的重要通道,中軸長度、彎曲度與SOC呈顯著正相關(guān)(P0.01),其數(shù)值增長增加了有機(jī)質(zhì)進(jìn)入后分布的范圍,而比表面積與SOC呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān)(P0.01),其比值增加減少了固定有機(jī)質(zhì)的孔隙面積。(6)不同尺度上的土壤結(jié)構(gòu)特征與有機(jī)碳的關(guān)系影響參數(shù)不同,但大團(tuán)聚體及其大團(tuán)聚體間結(jié)構(gòu)對整個(gè)土體結(jié)構(gòu)和有機(jī)碳影響較大,而微團(tuán)聚體由于其本身的穩(wěn)定性,對整個(gè)土體影響區(qū)別于大團(tuán)聚體。綜合來看,土壤結(jié)構(gòu)與有機(jī)碳的關(guān)系是多個(gè)參數(shù)共同作用的結(jié)果,而非單一某個(gè)參數(shù)可以決定的。因此建立可以表征這一相互關(guān)系的綜合指標(biāo),將是我們下一步需要深入研究的內(nèi)容。
[Abstract]:Soil aggregate is the basic unit of soil structure. The realization of soil function can not be separated from soil aggregate. The structure of soil aggregates is closely related to the dynamic changes of soil organic carbon (Soil organic carbon, SOC). The relationship between the structure characteristics of soil aggregates and the mineralization of organic carbon is helpful for us to elaborate the aggregate in the organic matter more accurately. The rapid development of Computed tomography (CT) provides a new technical support for the study of soil structure and aggregate structure. Soil and soil as the research object, 1-2mm large aggregates (hereinafter referred to as large aggregates) and 0.053-0.25mm microaggregates (hereinafter referred to as microaggregates), interaggregates and microaggregates, as well as the pore structure characteristics of the whole soil, combined with aggregate organic carbon (SOC), oxidizing organic carbon (Readil) The correlation analysis of Y oxidized organic carbon, ROC) and the mineralization rate of SOC was carried out to quantitatively evaluate the relationship between the structure of black soil aggregates and the mineralization of organic carbon in order to reveal the fixed mechanism of organic carbon in the black soil aggregates under different tillage. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the black soil aggregates under the natural soil and the different tillage methods The pore structure of the microaggregates is different. The pore porosity of 10-30 mu m of natural soil aggregates, the pore size of 100 mu and the total pore are obviously higher than that of the black soil aggregates under different tillage ways, while the number of pores is significantly smaller than that of the cultivated soil. The soil structure varies greatly under the tillage, but it is very close to the corresponding parameter values under the ridge. It shows that the ridge culture has the enhancement of the stability of the aggregate. (2) the pore size, the pore length and the specific surface area of the natural soil and the free soil under no tillage exist at the pore size of the 100-500 m pore size, the pore length and the specific surface area. The pore structure of the large aggregate is very similar to the original soil, which is the main skeleton of the structure of the soil. The porosity and the number of pores among the micro aggregates are mainly 100-500 m pore pore, and there are significant differences with the structure of the original soil and the large aggregate, and the structure of the micro aggregate can not become a constituent aggregate. The important support of the structure can only play a regulatory role. However, it is not to be ignored that the small aggregate particles are smaller and fill the larger pores between the aggregates, which can promote the overall pore structure to develop in the direction of small and medium pores. (3) there is a good correlation between the 100 m and the total porosity of the natural soil aggregates and the total porosity, the conventional tillage and the protection. The correlation between carbon and ROC in combination with aggregate is poor. The porosity, pore quantity and specific surface area of 10-30 mu m in the large aggregate play an active role in increasing the aggregate carbon and ROC content. The total porosity and the pore size of 100 mu, the middle axis are long, and the enlargement of the node area and radius, and the bending degree are unfavorable to the masses. The relationship between pore structure and organic carbon in microaggregates is significantly worse than that of large aggregates. There is a significant correlation between the total porosity and the porosity of 10-30 mu m pore size and organic carbon. (4) the correlation between the pore structure and organic carbon between the large aggregates is more obvious than that of the microaggregates, and the common effect of the two groups affects the whole soil. The relationship between pore structure and organic carbon. There is a good correlation between the porosity of 30-60 mu m, 100-500 mu m, 500 mu m pore size and aggregate carbon, while the pore size and radius of the micro aggregate show a definite correlation with the aggregate carbon. At the same time, a stable agglomeration environment is found. It is an effective form of carbon sequestration that can effectively isolate carbon from the surface of microaggregates and be fixed in the core carbon form of large aggregates. (5) pore size, pore length, pore length, pore size, pore length, and pore size are 60-100 m and 100-500 mu m in the whole soil scale. The number of nodes, the surface area and the degree of bending have a good relationship with organic carbon. The pore size and the pore size, the number of nodes, the length of the pores, and the bending degree are obvious to the organic carbon and the oxidizable organic carbon in the soil. The pore structure of the whole soil is good. The pore structure of the whole soil is.60-100. The important channel of organic carbon entry, the length of the axis and the degree of bending is significantly positive correlation with SOC (P0.01), and its numerical increase increases the range of the post distribution of organic matter, while the specific surface area has a significant negative correlation with SOC (P0.01). The increase of the ratio decreases the pore space of the fixed organic matter. (6) the soil structure characteristics and organic carbon in different scales The influence of the relationship is different, but the structure of the large aggregate and its large aggregate has a great influence on the whole soil structure and organic carbon, and the influence of the micro aggregate on the whole soil is different from the large aggregate because of its stability. Therefore, the establishment of comprehensive indicators to characterize the relationship will be the next step we need to further study.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)院研究生院（東北地理與農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)研究所）
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S152;S153
本文編號(hào)：2160214
[Abstract]:Soil aggregate is the basic unit of soil structure. The realization of soil function can not be separated from soil aggregate. The structure of soil aggregates is closely related to the dynamic changes of soil organic carbon (Soil organic carbon, SOC). The relationship between the structure characteristics of soil aggregates and the mineralization of organic carbon is helpful for us to elaborate the aggregate in the organic matter more accurately. The rapid development of Computed tomography (CT) provides a new technical support for the study of soil structure and aggregate structure. Soil and soil as the research object, 1-2mm large aggregates (hereinafter referred to as large aggregates) and 0.053-0.25mm microaggregates (hereinafter referred to as microaggregates), interaggregates and microaggregates, as well as the pore structure characteristics of the whole soil, combined with aggregate organic carbon (SOC), oxidizing organic carbon (Readil) The correlation analysis of Y oxidized organic carbon, ROC) and the mineralization rate of SOC was carried out to quantitatively evaluate the relationship between the structure of black soil aggregates and the mineralization of organic carbon in order to reveal the fixed mechanism of organic carbon in the black soil aggregates under different tillage. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the black soil aggregates under the natural soil and the different tillage methods The pore structure of the microaggregates is different. The pore porosity of 10-30 mu m of natural soil aggregates, the pore size of 100 mu and the total pore are obviously higher than that of the black soil aggregates under different tillage ways, while the number of pores is significantly smaller than that of the cultivated soil. The soil structure varies greatly under the tillage, but it is very close to the corresponding parameter values under the ridge. It shows that the ridge culture has the enhancement of the stability of the aggregate. (2) the pore size, the pore length and the specific surface area of the natural soil and the free soil under no tillage exist at the pore size of the 100-500 m pore size, the pore length and the specific surface area. The pore structure of the large aggregate is very similar to the original soil, which is the main skeleton of the structure of the soil. The porosity and the number of pores among the micro aggregates are mainly 100-500 m pore pore, and there are significant differences with the structure of the original soil and the large aggregate, and the structure of the micro aggregate can not become a constituent aggregate. The important support of the structure can only play a regulatory role. However, it is not to be ignored that the small aggregate particles are smaller and fill the larger pores between the aggregates, which can promote the overall pore structure to develop in the direction of small and medium pores. (3) there is a good correlation between the 100 m and the total porosity of the natural soil aggregates and the total porosity, the conventional tillage and the protection. The correlation between carbon and ROC in combination with aggregate is poor. The porosity, pore quantity and specific surface area of 10-30 mu m in the large aggregate play an active role in increasing the aggregate carbon and ROC content. The total porosity and the pore size of 100 mu, the middle axis are long, and the enlargement of the node area and radius, and the bending degree are unfavorable to the masses. The relationship between pore structure and organic carbon in microaggregates is significantly worse than that of large aggregates. There is a significant correlation between the total porosity and the porosity of 10-30 mu m pore size and organic carbon. (4) the correlation between the pore structure and organic carbon between the large aggregates is more obvious than that of the microaggregates, and the common effect of the two groups affects the whole soil. The relationship between pore structure and organic carbon. There is a good correlation between the porosity of 30-60 mu m, 100-500 mu m, 500 mu m pore size and aggregate carbon, while the pore size and radius of the micro aggregate show a definite correlation with the aggregate carbon. At the same time, a stable agglomeration environment is found. It is an effective form of carbon sequestration that can effectively isolate carbon from the surface of microaggregates and be fixed in the core carbon form of large aggregates. (5) pore size, pore length, pore length, pore size, pore length, and pore size are 60-100 m and 100-500 mu m in the whole soil scale. The number of nodes, the surface area and the degree of bending have a good relationship with organic carbon. The pore size and the pore size, the number of nodes, the length of the pores, and the bending degree are obvious to the organic carbon and the oxidizable organic carbon in the soil. The pore structure of the whole soil is good. The pore structure of the whole soil is.60-100. The important channel of organic carbon entry, the length of the axis and the degree of bending is significantly positive correlation with SOC (P0.01), and its numerical increase increases the range of the post distribution of organic matter, while the specific surface area has a significant negative correlation with SOC (P0.01). The increase of the ratio decreases the pore space of the fixed organic matter. (6) the soil structure characteristics and organic carbon in different scales The influence of the relationship is different, but the structure of the large aggregate and its large aggregate has a great influence on the whole soil structure and organic carbon, and the influence of the micro aggregate on the whole soil is different from the large aggregate because of its stability. Therefore, the establishment of comprehensive indicators to characterize the relationship will be the next step we need to further study.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)院研究生院（東北地理與農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)研究所）
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S152;S153
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條
1 潘根興;中國土壤有機(jī)碳和無機(jī)碳庫量研究[J];科技通報(bào);1999年05期
2 潘根興;周萍;李戀卿;張旭輝;;固碳土壤學(xué)的核心科學(xué)問題與研究進(jìn)展[J];土壤學(xué)報(bào);2007年02期
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