【摘要】：青藏高原地表熱狀況不僅對局地天氣和氣候變化有重要影響,而且還在次季節(jié)到季節(jié)尺度上對周邊特別是下游地區(qū)的短期氣候變化產(chǎn)生影響,因此日益受到研究者的關(guān)注。土壤熱擴(kuò)散率和土壤熱通量是決定土壤熱狀況的兩個重要因素。不同于以往的研究,本文利用青藏高原地區(qū)1980—2001年39個氣象站0.8 m和3.2 m的土壤溫度資料,采用熱傳導(dǎo)對流法計算了0.8~3.2 m深層土壤熱擴(kuò)散率和土壤熱通量,分析了它們的年變化和年際變化特征,并分析了深層土壤熱通量和高原季風(fēng)的相關(guān)關(guān)系,得到了一些有意義的結(jié)論。青藏高原深層土壤溫度隨深度的增加振幅減小、位相延遲;在1980—2001年間,土壤熱擴(kuò)散率的變化總體呈減小趨勢;土壤深層熱通量年變化與土壤表層熱通量的年變化具有相反的相位;總熱通量與對流熱通量的變化具有相同的相位;深層土壤熱通量月平均值在冬季為負(fù)值(定義熱流向上為正),夏季土壤熱通量都為正值。土壤熱通量與高原冬季風(fēng)指數(shù)的變化趨勢相反,相關(guān)系數(shù)為-0.53;而與高原夏季風(fēng)指數(shù)變化趨勢一致,相關(guān)系數(shù)為0.58,都通過了95%的顯著性檢驗。這些結(jié)論對于促使我們認(rèn)識高原陸氣相互作用是非常有意義的。
[Abstract]:The surface heat condition of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau not only has an important influence on local weather and climate change, but also has an effect on the short-term climate change in the surrounding area, especially in the lower reaches, from the sub-season to the seasonal scale, so it has been paid more and more attention by researchers. Soil thermal diffusivity and soil heat flux are two important factors to determine soil thermal condition. Different from previous studies, the soil temperature data of 39 meteorological stations in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from 1980 to 2001 were used to calculate the thermal diffusivity and the soil heat flux at a depth of 0.8 m and 3.2 m by using the heat conduction convection method. The characteristics of annual and interannual variations were analyzed, and the correlation between deep soil heat flux and plateau monsoon was analyzed, and some meaningful conclusions were obtained. The amplitude of the deep soil temperature decreases with the increase of the depth and the phase delay, and the variation of the soil thermal diffusivity decreases during the period of 1980-2001. The annual variation of soil deep heat flux is opposite to that of soil surface heat flux, and the change of total heat flux is the same as that of convective heat flux. The monthly mean heat flux of deep soil is negative in winter (the heat flux is defined as positive upward) and the soil heat flux is positive in summer. The variation trend of soil heat flux is opposite to that of the winter monsoon index of the plateau, the correlation coefficient is -0.53, and the variation trend of the summer monsoon index of the plateau is the same, the correlation coefficient is 0.58, which has passed the significance test of 95%. These conclusions are of great significance for us to understand the land-air interaction in the plateau.
【作者單位】： 中國科學(xué)院寒旱區(qū)陸面過程與氣候變化重點實驗室/中國科學(xué)院西北生態(tài)環(huán)境資源研究院;中國科學(xué)院大學(xué);
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(91437108,41675017)
【分類號】：S152

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