【摘要】：露日數(shù)是預(yù)防和控制植物病害的重要因子,探討氣候變化條件下露日數(shù),可為區(qū)域植物病害預(yù)測(cè)及防治提供事實(shí)依據(jù)。本文基于52個(gè)氣象站點(diǎn)1961—2010年逐日監(jiān)測(cè)氣象數(shù)據(jù),計(jì)算了黃土高原不同時(shí)空尺度的露日數(shù),利用去趨勢(shì)預(yù)置白處理(trend-free pre-whitening,TFPW)的Mann-Kendall法和Sen趨勢(shì)度估計(jì)法(Sen’slope)分析了露日數(shù)變化趨勢(shì),并借助相關(guān)分析法探討了露日數(shù)的成因。結(jié)果表明,在月尺度上,黃土高原露水發(fā)生在3—11月,全區(qū)域月平均值為7 d,9月露日數(shù)最長(zhǎng),其中南部、東南部和西北部露日數(shù)達(dá)8~12 d。5.77%~25.00%氣象站點(diǎn)露日數(shù)在6月和8—11月以0.02~0.15 d×a~(-1)顯著增加,17.31%和7.68%氣象站點(diǎn)露日數(shù)在4月和7月以-0.09 d×a~(-1)和-0.02 d×a~(-1)顯著降低。在季尺度上,黃土高原露水發(fā)生在春、夏和秋季,全區(qū)域季平均值為15 d,秋季露日數(shù)最長(zhǎng),其中南部、東南部和西北部露日數(shù)達(dá)14~26 d。僅3.85%和5.77%的氣象站露日數(shù)在夏季、秋季分別以0.25~0.09 d×a~(-1)和0.15~0.09 d×a~(-1)顯著增加,5.77%的氣象站露日數(shù)在春季以-0.34~-0.07 d×a~(-1)顯著降低。相對(duì)濕度和溫度是影響上述露日數(shù)時(shí)空變化的最關(guān)鍵因子。
[Abstract]:The number of dew days is an important factor for the prevention and control of plant diseases. The study of dew days under climate change conditions can provide a factual basis for the prediction and control of regional plant diseases. Based on the daily monitoring meteorological data of 52 meteorological stations from 1961 to 2010, the number of exposed days at different space-time scales in the Loess Plateau is calculated. Using the Mann-Kendall method and the Sen trend estimation method of trend-free pre-whitening TFPW, the variation trend of dew days is analyzed, and the causes of dew days are discussed by means of correlation analysis. The results show that, on a monthly scale, dew occurred in the Loess Plateau from March to November, with a monthly average of 7 days in the whole region and the longest dew days in September, especially in the southern part of the region. The number of dew days in the southeast and northwest reaches 812 d.5.77% and 25.00% in June and August and November. The number of days exposed to meteorological stations increases by 17.31% and 7.68% by -0.09 d 脳 a ~ (-1) and -0.02 d 脳 a ~ (-1) in the month of June and August to November, and decreases significantly by -0.09 d 脳 a ~ (-1) and -0.02 d 脳 a ~ (-1) in April and July. On the seasonal scale, dew occurred in spring, summer and autumn. The seasonal average value of the whole region was 15 days, and the autumn dew days were the longest, and the number of dew days in the south, southeast and northwest of the Loess Plateau reached 14 ~ 26 days. Only 3.85% and 5.77% of the weather stations had a significant increase in the number of dew days in summer. In autumn, the number of dew days increased by 5.77% at 0.25 ~ 0. 09 d 脳 a ~ (-1) and 0.15 ~ 0. 09 d 脳 a ~ (-1), respectively. In spring, the number of dew days of weather stations decreased significantly by -0.34 ~ (-0.07) d 脳 a ~ (-1). Relative humidity and temperature are the most important factors affecting the spatiotemporal variation of dew days.
【作者單位】： 楊凌職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院水利工程分院;西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)水利與建筑工程學(xué)院/中國(guó)科學(xué)院教育部水土保持與生態(tài)環(huán)境研究中心;水利部發(fā)展研究中心;
【基金】：國(guó)家科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2015BAC01B03) 陜西統(tǒng)籌項(xiàng)目(2014KTCG01-03)資助~~
【分類號(hào)】：S161
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本文編號(hào)：2129542