【摘要】：暗黑鰓金龜Holotrichia parallela是一種世界性分布的重要地下害蟲。其食性廣雜,幼蟲取食為害寄主植株幼苗的根系、咬食嫩莖和其他地下組織,成蟲取食寄主的葉片、花等地上器官。近幾年,隨著免耕等種植模式的變更,暗黑鰓金龜在我國(guó)的發(fā)生日益嚴(yán)重,對(duì)農(nóng)作物造成極大的危害。目前,隨著人們對(duì)農(nóng)藥殘留、食品及環(huán)境安全的關(guān)注,生物防治在控制地下害蟲中的地位越來(lái)越重要。性信息素作為一種重要的生物防治手段已被研發(fā)并應(yīng)用于田間防治暗黑鰓金龜。有研究發(fā)現(xiàn),植物揮發(fā)物對(duì)于性信息素存在協(xié)同增效作用。作者針對(duì)章魚胺在暗黑鰓金龜生長(zhǎng)、繁殖中的作用進(jìn)行了研究,為揭示章魚胺的調(diào)控作用機(jī)理,以及寄主植物揮發(fā)物對(duì)于性信息素的增效機(jī)制提供依據(jù)。首先,篩選建立了一種簡(jiǎn)便、高效、快捷的成蟲體內(nèi)章魚胺含量測(cè)定方法。然后對(duì)暗黑鰓金龜體內(nèi)章魚胺的含量和分布進(jìn)行了分析。最后測(cè)定了章魚胺對(duì)暗黑鰓金龜存活、交配、產(chǎn)卵以及卵孵化的影響等。主要試驗(yàn)結(jié)果如下:(1)建立了利用高效液相色譜檢測(cè)暗黑鰓金龜神經(jīng)組織內(nèi)章魚胺含量的方法。經(jīng)方法學(xué)考察,其回歸方程具有顯著的正相關(guān)線性關(guān)系、試蟲樣品內(nèi)章魚胺在24 h內(nèi)穩(wěn)定性高、重現(xiàn)性良好,加樣回收試驗(yàn)測(cè)定平均回收率為102.23%,表明該方法適用于暗黑鰓金龜神經(jīng)組織內(nèi)章魚胺含量的準(zhǔn)確分析與測(cè)定。(2)暗黑鰓金龜在不同生育期、不同性別、不同神經(jīng)組織內(nèi)的章魚胺含量存在顯著差異。雌、雄成蟲之間,產(chǎn)卵初期的雌蟲在腹部神經(jīng)節(jié)和腦部神經(jīng)組織中的章魚胺含量均高于同期的雄蟲,但在胸部神經(jīng)節(jié)中顯著低于雄蟲;產(chǎn)卵后期的雌蟲在腦部神經(jīng)組織中章魚胺含量顯著高于雄蟲,而在胸部和腹部神經(jīng)組織中均顯著低于雄蟲。(3)利用Y型嗅覺(jué)儀測(cè)定章魚胺對(duì)暗黑鰓金龜雄蟲對(duì)性信息素的定位能力及選擇性。通過(guò)Y型嗅覺(jué)儀的趨性行為測(cè)試表明,2μg/mL章魚胺處理能夠極顯著的提高暗黑鰓金龜雄蟲對(duì)性信息素的定位能力,對(duì)性信息素的選擇系數(shù)顯著高于對(duì)照組,而其拮抗劑米安色林則減弱了這種作用。(4)章魚胺能夠顯著提高暗黑鰓金龜雌成蟲單日單雌產(chǎn)卵量,而且可延長(zhǎng)產(chǎn)卵期。其中喂食2μg/mL章魚胺處理的單日單雌產(chǎn)卵量是對(duì)照組雌蟲產(chǎn)卵量的2倍以上,當(dāng)對(duì)照組停止產(chǎn)卵后,章魚胺處理組依然保持產(chǎn)卵。章魚胺對(duì)于暗黑鰓金龜雌雄成蟲壽命無(wú)顯著影響,而米安色林則顯著延長(zhǎng)了雌雄成蟲壽命。而不同濃度章魚胺及其拮抗劑米安色林處理對(duì)卵的孵化率無(wú)顯著影響。
[Abstract]:Holotrichia parallela is a worldwide important underground pest. The larva eats the root system of the host plant seedling, bites the tender stem and other underground tissue, and the adult eats the leaf of the host plant, flower and other aboveground organs. In recent years, with the change of no-tillage and other planting patterns, the dark Gill tortoise is becoming more and more serious in our country, which causes great harm to crops. At present, with the concern of pesticide residues, food and environmental safety, biological control plays an increasingly important role in the control of underground pests. Sex pheromone as an important biological control method has been developed and applied to the field control of black-branched golden tortoise. Some studies have found that plant volatiles have synergistic effects on sex pheromones. In this paper, the role of octopamine in the growth and reproduction of dark branchial golden tortoise was studied in order to reveal the regulatory mechanism of octopine and the synergistic mechanism of host plant volatiles on sex pheromone. Firstly, a simple, efficient and fast method for the determination of octopamine in adults was established. Then the content and distribution of octopamine in the dark-branched golden tortoise were analyzed. Finally, the effects of octopamine on survival, mating, oviposition and egg hatching were determined. The main results are as follows: (1) A high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was established for the determination of octopamine in the nerve tissues of the black Gill tortoise. The regression equation showed a significant positive correlation linear relationship. The octopamine in the sample was stable and reproducible within 24 hours. The average recovery rate was 102.23, which indicated that this method was suitable for the accurate analysis and determination of octopamine content in the nerve tissue of Black-Gill golden tortoise. (2) the content of octopamine was different in different growth stages. There were significant differences in octopamine content in different nerve tissues. The octopamine content in abdominal ganglion and brain nerve tissue of female, male adult and early oviposition was higher than that of male, but lower than that of male in thoracic ganglion. The contents of octopamine in brain nerve tissue of female in late oviposition were significantly higher than that in male. (3) the localization ability and selectivity of octopamine to sex pheromone in males were determined by Y type olfactometer. The sex behavior test of Y type olfactory instrument showed that the treatment of 2 渭 g / mL octopamine could significantly improve the ability of sex pheromone localization, and the selection coefficient of sex pheromone was significantly higher than that of the control group. The antagonist Mianserin weakened the effect. (4) Octopamine could significantly increase the number of female oviposition per day and prolong the oviposition period. The oviposition of single female treated with 2 渭 g / mL octopamine on a single day was more than 2 times as much as that of the control group. When the control group stopped oviposition, the oviposition was maintained in the octopamine treatment group. Octopamine had no significant effect on male and female adult life, but mianserin significantly prolonged male and female adult life. However, different concentrations of octopamine and its antagonist Mianserin had no significant effect on the hatching rate of eggs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：S433

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 陳霞;胡月;李璐;黃志勇;;水產(chǎn)品中生物胺的兩種衍生測(cè)定方法比較[J];中國(guó)食品學(xué)報(bào);2015年08期

2 時(shí)玉娟;尹相甫;李志強(qiáng);張禮生;;弧麗鉤土蜂的生物學(xué)習(xí)性及其對(duì)暗黑鰓金龜幼蟲寄生效果的評(píng)價(jià)[J];中國(guó)生物防治學(xué)報(bào);2014年05期

3 陳鵬;王守國(guó);曹雅忠;黃求應(yīng);尹姣;李克斌;;氟蟲腈·毒死蜱處理花生種子防控蠐螬效果評(píng)價(jià)[J];中國(guó)植保導(dǎo)刊;2014年05期

4 鞠倩;李曉;姜曉靜;趙志強(qiáng);蔣相國(guó);倪皖莉;曲明靜;;青島地區(qū)暗黑鰓金龜性信息素鑒定及田間應(yīng)用技術(shù)[J];植物保護(hù)學(xué)報(bào);2014年02期

5 潘飛;陳綿才;肖彤斌;吉訓(xùn)聰;謝圣華;;變溫對(duì)昆蟲生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育和繁殖影響的研究進(jìn)展[J];環(huán)境昆蟲學(xué)報(bào);2014年02期

6 史樹森;崔娟;宋鵬翔;臧冬初;李維宇;武婷婷;;夏大豆田暗黑鰓金龜發(fā)生危害規(guī)律研究[J];大豆科學(xué);2014年01期

7 曲映紅;劉志東;陳舜勝;;魚露中章魚胺的分離提取研究[J];食品工業(yè)科技;2013年23期

8 史樹森;崔娟;齊靈子;武婷婷;許曉明;;溫度對(duì)斑鞘豆葉甲成蟲取食量和耐饑力的影響[J];吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2013年04期

9 李曉;鞠倩;姜曉靜;趙志強(qiáng);陳全森;曲明靜;蔣相國(guó);呂敬軍;倪皖莉;谷建中;陳志德;劉立峰;康樹立;;利用性誘劑防治花生田暗黑鰓金龜?shù)难芯縖J];植物保護(hù);2012年03期

10 謝吉先;王書勤;陳志德;趙向陽(yáng);韓桂琴;沈一;劉永惠;;幾種種衣劑防治花生蠐螬的效果[J];江蘇農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2012年01期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 吳順?lè)?二化螟體內(nèi)生物胺受體的藥理學(xué)與生理學(xué)研究[D];浙江大學(xué);2013年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 孫昊雨;嗜菌異小桿線蟲對(duì)蠐螬致病的生理生化機(jī)制研究[D];吉林大學(xué);2013年

2 王玉彬;植物源物質(zhì)對(duì)暗黑鰓金龜引誘和殺蟲活性的研究[D];華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2013年

，

本文編號(hào)：2128635