生物質(zhì)炭對(duì)黑土中磷素遷移淋失的影響及作用機(jī)理
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-14 20:11
【摘要】：本文旨在探究生物質(zhì)炭對(duì)黑土磷素遷移淋失的影響及作用機(jī)制,為利用生物質(zhì)炭調(diào)控農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染提供參考和依據(jù)。選擇由玉米秸稈、稻殼、松木制備的生物質(zhì)炭,在不同添加比例(0,0.6%,1.2%,3.6%,6%)條件下通過(guò)室內(nèi)土柱模擬淋溶實(shí)驗(yàn),進(jìn)行了生物質(zhì)炭對(duì)黑土淋溶液中總磷及各種形態(tài)磷含量、淋溶土柱中各土層的全磷含量、淋溶液的體積、累積淋溶體積影響的研究,并從生物質(zhì)炭對(duì)磷的吸附-解吸作用、生物質(zhì)炭與黏粒礦物混合物對(duì)磷的吸附-解吸作用及生物質(zhì)炭的特性等方面揭示其影響機(jī)制。結(jié)果表明:松木生物質(zhì)炭對(duì)減少淋溶體積的效果更好;累積淋溶體積與生物質(zhì)炭添加量呈負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系,6%處理的累積淋溶體積顯著低于其他處理。就種類(lèi)來(lái)說(shuō),添加松木生物質(zhì)炭的全磷累積淋失量最少;就添加比例來(lái)說(shuō),添加比例為1.2%時(shí)玉米秸稈生物質(zhì)炭和松木生物質(zhì)炭的全磷累積淋失量顯著小于其他處理,稻殼生物質(zhì)炭的添加比例為3.6%時(shí),全磷累積淋失量較少。生物質(zhì)炭對(duì)減少磷素垂直遷移的效果表現(xiàn)為:松木生物質(zhì)炭玉米秸稈生物質(zhì)炭稻殼生物質(zhì)炭處理;1.2%0.6%3.6%6%處理。選擇適宜種類(lèi)和添加量的生物質(zhì)炭可以有效地減少磷素在土壤中的縱向遷移和淋溶損失。隨著生物質(zhì)炭添加比例的增加,生物質(zhì)炭土壤對(duì)磷的吸附量先增加后減少,添加比例為1.2%時(shí),土壤對(duì)磷的吸附量最大。不同生物質(zhì)炭的添加對(duì)黑土磷的吸附能力影響順序?yàn)?松木生物質(zhì)炭玉米秸稈生物質(zhì)炭稻殼生物質(zhì)炭。添加松木生物質(zhì)炭的黑土吸附磷的實(shí)測(cè)最大量為0.697 mg·g~(-1)。隨著加入磷溶液濃度的增加,添加生物質(zhì)炭的黑土對(duì)磷的吸附量和解吸量也隨之增加,但增加幅度逐漸變小。添加生物質(zhì)炭的黑土對(duì)磷的等溫吸附曲線(xiàn)符合Langmuir吸附方程。在不同生物質(zhì)炭添加量下,生物質(zhì)炭-粘土礦物混合體對(duì)磷的吸附量均隨著平衡時(shí)溶液中磷素濃度的增加而增加。Langmuir方程可以更好地描述不同生物質(zhì)炭種類(lèi)及添加比例與粘土礦物的混合體對(duì)磷素的吸附過(guò)程。生物質(zhì)炭-粘土礦物混合體與單一粘土礦物相比,均表現(xiàn)出稍強(qiáng)的吸附作用。對(duì)于粘土礦物種類(lèi)來(lái)說(shuō),生物質(zhì)炭-蒙脫石混合體對(duì)磷素的吸附能力最大,解吸能力最弱;其次為生物質(zhì)炭-蛭石混合體;生物質(zhì)炭-伊利石混合體對(duì)磷素的吸附作用最弱。對(duì)于生物質(zhì)炭的種類(lèi)來(lái)說(shuō),松木生物質(zhì)炭-粘粒礦物混合體對(duì)磷素的吸附性要大于玉米秸稈生物質(zhì)炭-粘土礦物混合體,稻殼生物質(zhì)炭-粘土礦物混合體對(duì)磷素的吸附能力最小,而解吸能力則剛好相反;對(duì)于生物質(zhì)炭的添加比例而言,三種生物質(zhì)炭添加比例為1.2%時(shí),生物質(zhì)炭-粘土礦物混合體對(duì)磷素的吸附能力均最大,解吸率最低。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to explore the effect of biomass carbon on phosphorus transport and leaching in black soil and its mechanism, and to provide a reference and basis for regulating agricultural non-point source pollution by biomass carbon. The biomass charcoal prepared from corn straw, rice husk and pine was selected. Under the condition of different adding ratio (0%), the total phosphorus and various forms of phosphorus in black soil solution were studied by simulated leaching experiment with soil column in laboratory. The effects of total phosphorus content in each soil layer, volume of leaching solution and cumulative leaching volume of leaching soil column on phosphorus adsorption and desorption of biomass carbon were studied. The adsorption and desorption of phosphorus by the mixture of biomass carbon and clay minerals and the characteristics of biomass carbon reveal the mechanism of its influence. The results showed that the effect of pine biomass carbon on reducing the leaching volume was better, and the cumulative leaching volume was significantly lower in the treatment of 6% than that in the other treatments, and there was a negative correlation between the cumulative leaching volume and the amount of biomass carbon added. In terms of species, the total phosphorus accumulated leaching loss of pine biomass carbon was the least, and that of corn straw biomass carbon and pine biomass carbon was significantly lower than that of other treatments when the additive ratio was 1.2. When the addition ratio of rice husk biomass carbon was 3.6%, the total phosphorus accumulated leaching amount was less. The effect of biomass carbon on reducing vertical phosphorus migration was as follows: 1. 22. 6. 6. 6. 6. 6% biomass carbon and 3. 66% treatment of rice husk from pine wood, corn stalk, rice husk, biomass and rice husk. Selecting suitable species and adding biomass carbon can effectively reduce the longitudinal transport and leaching loss of phosphorus in soil. With the increase of the proportion of biomass carbon, the amount of phosphorus adsorbed by biomass carbon soil increased first and then decreased, and when the proportion was 1.2, the amount of phosphorus adsorbed by soil was the largest. The order of influence of different biomass carbon addition on the adsorption ability of phosphorus in black soil was as follows: pine wood biomass carbon corn straw biomass carbon rice husk biomass carbon. The maximum amount of phosphorus adsorbed by black soil added pine biomass carbon was 0.697 mg g ~ (-1). With the increase of phosphorus concentration, the amount of phosphorus adsorption and desorption of the black soil added with biomass carbon increased, but the increasing range became smaller. The isothermal adsorption curve of phosphorus in the black soil containing biomass carbon accords with Langmuir adsorption equation. Under different biomass carbon content, The amount of phosphorus adsorbed by the mixture of biomass carbon and clay minerals increased with the increase of phosphorus concentration in the solution. Langmuir equation can better describe the mixture of different biomass carbon species and the addition ratio with clay minerals. The adsorption process of phosphorus. Compared with the single clay mineral, the mixture of biomass carbon and clay mineral showed stronger adsorption. For the types of clay minerals, the adsorption ability of biomass carbon-montmorillonite was the largest and the desorption ability was the weakest; the second was the mixture of biomass carbon and vermiculite, and the mixture of biomass carbon and Illite had the weakest adsorption on phosphorus. For the biomass carbon species, the phosphate adsorbability of pine wood biomass carbon clay mineral mixture is higher than that of corn straw biomass carbon clay mineral mixture. The adsorption ability of rice husk biomass carbon and clay mineral was the least, but the desorption ability was the opposite. For the addition ratio of biomass carbon, when the ratio of three kinds of biomass carbon was 1.2, the adsorption ability of phosphorus was the lowest, but the desorption ability was just the opposite, when the ratio of three kinds of biomass carbon was 1.2, The mixture of biomass carbon and clay minerals had the highest adsorption capacity for phosphorus and the lowest desorption rate.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S153.6
本文編號(hào)：2122816
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to explore the effect of biomass carbon on phosphorus transport and leaching in black soil and its mechanism, and to provide a reference and basis for regulating agricultural non-point source pollution by biomass carbon. The biomass charcoal prepared from corn straw, rice husk and pine was selected. Under the condition of different adding ratio (0%), the total phosphorus and various forms of phosphorus in black soil solution were studied by simulated leaching experiment with soil column in laboratory. The effects of total phosphorus content in each soil layer, volume of leaching solution and cumulative leaching volume of leaching soil column on phosphorus adsorption and desorption of biomass carbon were studied. The adsorption and desorption of phosphorus by the mixture of biomass carbon and clay minerals and the characteristics of biomass carbon reveal the mechanism of its influence. The results showed that the effect of pine biomass carbon on reducing the leaching volume was better, and the cumulative leaching volume was significantly lower in the treatment of 6% than that in the other treatments, and there was a negative correlation between the cumulative leaching volume and the amount of biomass carbon added. In terms of species, the total phosphorus accumulated leaching loss of pine biomass carbon was the least, and that of corn straw biomass carbon and pine biomass carbon was significantly lower than that of other treatments when the additive ratio was 1.2. When the addition ratio of rice husk biomass carbon was 3.6%, the total phosphorus accumulated leaching amount was less. The effect of biomass carbon on reducing vertical phosphorus migration was as follows: 1. 22. 6. 6. 6. 6. 6% biomass carbon and 3. 66% treatment of rice husk from pine wood, corn stalk, rice husk, biomass and rice husk. Selecting suitable species and adding biomass carbon can effectively reduce the longitudinal transport and leaching loss of phosphorus in soil. With the increase of the proportion of biomass carbon, the amount of phosphorus adsorbed by biomass carbon soil increased first and then decreased, and when the proportion was 1.2, the amount of phosphorus adsorbed by soil was the largest. The order of influence of different biomass carbon addition on the adsorption ability of phosphorus in black soil was as follows: pine wood biomass carbon corn straw biomass carbon rice husk biomass carbon. The maximum amount of phosphorus adsorbed by black soil added pine biomass carbon was 0.697 mg g ~ (-1). With the increase of phosphorus concentration, the amount of phosphorus adsorption and desorption of the black soil added with biomass carbon increased, but the increasing range became smaller. The isothermal adsorption curve of phosphorus in the black soil containing biomass carbon accords with Langmuir adsorption equation. Under different biomass carbon content, The amount of phosphorus adsorbed by the mixture of biomass carbon and clay minerals increased with the increase of phosphorus concentration in the solution. Langmuir equation can better describe the mixture of different biomass carbon species and the addition ratio with clay minerals. The adsorption process of phosphorus. Compared with the single clay mineral, the mixture of biomass carbon and clay mineral showed stronger adsorption. For the types of clay minerals, the adsorption ability of biomass carbon-montmorillonite was the largest and the desorption ability was the weakest; the second was the mixture of biomass carbon and vermiculite, and the mixture of biomass carbon and Illite had the weakest adsorption on phosphorus. For the biomass carbon species, the phosphate adsorbability of pine wood biomass carbon clay mineral mixture is higher than that of corn straw biomass carbon clay mineral mixture. The adsorption ability of rice husk biomass carbon and clay mineral was the least, but the desorption ability was the opposite. For the addition ratio of biomass carbon, when the ratio of three kinds of biomass carbon was 1.2, the adsorption ability of phosphorus was the lowest, but the desorption ability was just the opposite, when the ratio of three kinds of biomass carbon was 1.2, The mixture of biomass carbon and clay minerals had the highest adsorption capacity for phosphorus and the lowest desorption rate.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S153.6
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