發(fā)布時間：2018-06-19 23:39

  本文選題：耕地 + 地力��； 參考：《湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：耕地是人類獲取食糧及其他農(nóng)副產(chǎn)品最重要的資源,是人類賴以生存的基本生產(chǎn)資料,更是實現(xiàn)農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的物質基礎。本本以土地多源信息(土地利用現(xiàn)狀圖、土壤類型圖和行政區(qū)劃圖)為基礎,綜合運用野外土壤樣品采集、GIS空間分析法和層次分析法,對零陵區(qū)耕地地力情況進行綜合、系統(tǒng)的分析與評價,通過了解該地區(qū)的耕地表層土壤養(yǎng)分特性,以提高耕地保養(yǎng)管理水平和耕地資源利用效率,促進零陵區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。研究結果表明：(1)零陵區(qū)共有耕地36112.47 hm2,其中一級地面積為4588.40 hm2,占耕地總面積的12.71%；二級地有5328.87 hm2,占14.76%；三級地有4452.13 hm2,占12.33%；四級地有5071.20 hm2,占14.04%；五級地有4517.20 hm2,占12.51%；六級地有9778.73hm2,占27.08%；七級地有2375.93 hm2,占6.58%。(2)零陵區(qū)高產(chǎn)田共有9917.27 hm2,占耕地總面積的27.47%；中產(chǎn)田共有14040.53hm2,占38.88%；低產(chǎn)田共有12154.67 hm2.,占33.66%。零陵區(qū)以中低產(chǎn)田居多,其中郵亭圩鎮(zhèn)的高產(chǎn)田和低產(chǎn)田最多,分別1671.47 hm2和1824.4 hm2,珠山鎮(zhèn)的中產(chǎn)田最多,為1673.80 hm2。(3)零陵區(qū)耕地表層有機質含量具有高度的空間變異性,空間分布上,七里店街道最高,其次為凼底鄉(xiāng)、菱角塘鎮(zhèn)和接履橋鎮(zhèn)。不同土壤類型的表層土壤有機質含量介于19.33-40.37 g/kg之間,相比第二次土壤普查數(shù)據(jù),有機質含量呈現(xiàn)為上升趨勢。(4)零陵區(qū)耕地表層全氮含量以石巖頭鎮(zhèn)最高,其次為菱角塘鎮(zhèn)、珠山鎮(zhèn)和凼底鄉(xiāng),全氮含量最小的為朝陽街道,僅為2.37 g/kg。不同土壤類型的耕地表層全氮含量大小依次為：紫色土紅壤水稻土黑色石灰土紅色石灰土潮土,相比第二次土壤普查數(shù)據(jù),全氮含量呈現(xiàn)為上升趨勢。(5)零陵區(qū)耕地土壤速效磷含量有明顯的空間分異規(guī)律,不同等級有效磷含量在各鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)的分布面積占全鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)耕地總面積的比例具有明顯差異。零陵區(qū)有效磷在3.25-49.73 mg/kg之間,水田土壤表層有效磷含量低于旱耕地。相比第二次土壤普查數(shù)據(jù),速效磷含量呈現(xiàn)為上升趨勢。(6)零陵區(qū)耕地速效鉀的含量處于較低水平,不同土壤類型的耕地表層速效鉀含量大小依次為：黑色石灰土紅色石灰土水稻土紫色土紅壤潮土,相比第二次土壤普查數(shù)據(jù),速效鉀含量呈現(xiàn)為上升趨勢。
[Abstract]:Cultivated land is the most important resource for people to obtain food and other agricultural by-products, is the basic means of production on which human beings depend for survival, and is also the material basis for the sustainable development of agriculture. On the basis of land multi-source information (land use current situation map, soil type map and administrative division map), this paper synthetically uses field soil sample collection GIS spatial analysis method and analytic hierarchy process to synthesize the cultivated land fertility in the zero mausoleum area. Through the systematic analysis and evaluation, the characteristics of soil nutrients in the surface layer of cultivated land in this area are understood, in order to improve the level of cultivated land maintenance and management and the utilization efficiency of cultivated land resources, and promote the sustainable development of agriculture in the Lingling region. The research results show that there are 36112.47 hm2s of cultivated land in the zeroing region, in which the first-grade land area is 4588.40 hm2which accounts for 12.71th of the total cultivated land area; the second-grade land has 5328.87 hm2s, accounting for 14.76; the third-grade land has 4452.13 hm2s (12.33hm2); the fourth-grade land has 5071.20 hm2s (14.04th); the fifth-grade land has 4517.20 hm2s (12.51cm); There are 9778.73hm2in the sixth grade land, 27.08hm2in the seventh grade land, 2375.93 hm2s in the seventh grade land, and 9917.27 hm2s in the Lingling area, accounting for 27.47hm2 of the total cultivated area, 14040.53hm2in the middle yield field, 38.88hm2in the middle yield field, and 12154.67 hm2.in the low yield field, accounting for 33.66B. In the middle and low yield areas, the high and low yield fields were the most in Youting and low yielding areas, 1671.47 hm2 and 1824.4 hm2, respectively, and the middle yield fields in Zhushan were the most, which were 1673.80 hm2.03) the content of organic matter in the surface layer of cultivated land in the Lingling area had high spatial variability and spatial distribution, and the content of organic matter in the surface layer of the cultivated land in the Lingling area showed high spatial variability and spatial distribution. Qilidian Street is the highest, followed by Taipa Township, Lingjiao Tong Town and Peuqiao Town. The content of organic matter in topsoil of different soil types ranged from 19.33-40.37 g/kg. Compared with the data of the second soil census, the content of organic matter showed an upward trend. In Zhushan Town and Taipa Township, the lowest total nitrogen content was in Chaoyang Street, which was only 2.37 g / kg. The contents of total nitrogen in the surface layer of different soil types were: purple soil, red lime soil, paddy soil, black lime soil, red lime soil, tidal soil, compared with the data of the second soil survey. The total nitrogen content showed an upward trend.) the available phosphorus content of cultivated land in the Lingling region had obvious spatial differentiation rule, and the distribution area of the different grade available phosphorus content in the whole township cultivated land area had obvious difference in the proportion of the total cultivated land area of the whole township. The available phosphorus content in the topsoil of paddy field was lower than that in dry cultivated land in the range of 3.25-49.73 mg/kg. Compared with the data of the second soil census, the available phosphorus content showed an upward trend. The order of available potassium content in different soil types was: black lime soil, red lime soil, paddy soil, purple soil, red soil, tidal soil, compared with the second soil survey data, available potassium content showed an upward trend.
【學位授予單位】：湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S158

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