本文選題：城市土壤 + 無機(jī)碳　； 參考：《河南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著全球變化研究的深入,作為影響全球氣候變化的碳循環(huán)愈發(fā)受到各界的關(guān)注。土壤碳是陸地碳庫的重要組成部分,包括土壤有機(jī)碳與無機(jī)碳,了解土壤碳循環(huán)是研究陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳循環(huán)的重要前提。作為一種新型的土壤類型─城市土壤受到廣泛的關(guān)注,隨著城市化的深入,城市土壤受到的影響范圍和程度越來越強(qiáng)烈。城市土壤的理化性質(zhì)隨著土壤利用類型的轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)生大的變化,土壤自身的其它特征也隨之改變。長期以來,有機(jī)碳作為土壤肥力指標(biāo)得到多方研究,城市土壤中有機(jī)碳具有一定代表性,其變化過程更多受干擾于人為因素,這與自然土壤或農(nóng)田有機(jī)碳循環(huán)過程有一定差別。與此同時(shí),土壤中另一類碳—以碳酸鹽形式存在的無機(jī)碳的研究也尤為重要,無機(jī)碳含量的變化影響土壤原有性質(zhì),同時(shí)城市化過程又對土壤中無機(jī)碳的含量和分布造成影響,加之無機(jī)碳與有機(jī)碳間是否存在必然聯(lián)系尚不確定,分別分析城市土壤中無機(jī)碳和有機(jī)碳的含量和分布特征顯得十分必要。開封市歷史悠久,其發(fā)展歷史造成其城市土壤的特殊性,本研究以開封市為例,以垂直方向和空間分布分析無機(jī)碳、有機(jī)碳和活性炭含量變化,碳密度變化趨勢,區(qū)分無機(jī)碳組成,分析影響碳含量的因素。本次研究共選取62個(gè)剖面點(diǎn),301個(gè)土層進(jìn)行土壤基礎(chǔ)理化性質(zhì),無機(jī)碳含量,有機(jī)碳含量,水溶性無機(jī)碳組分和活性炭含量的測定。通過本次研究,得出以下結(jié)論:(1)開封市城市土壤中無機(jī)碳和有機(jī)碳含量在垂直方向上的變化呈現(xiàn)多樣性,無統(tǒng)一規(guī)律,自然土壤的無機(jī)碳含量在垂直方向上隨深度增大呈先升后降變化,而有機(jī)碳含量呈遞減趨勢。在空間分布上,各功能區(qū)無機(jī)碳密度大小順序?yàn)?文教區(qū)(14.35kg/m2)行政/居民區(qū)(13.10kg/m2)工業(yè)區(qū)(12.98kg/m2)休閑區(qū)(12.66kg/m2)交通區(qū)(11.88kg/m2);有機(jī)碳密度大小排序?yàn)?行政/居民區(qū)(53.99kg/m2)工業(yè)區(qū)(51.33kg/m2)文教區(qū)(44.70kg/m2)休閑區(qū)(29.87kg/m2)交通區(qū)(27.15kg/m2)。其中無機(jī)碳密度占總的碳密度的1/3。(2)開封市城市土壤中難溶性無機(jī)碳所占比例大,可溶性無機(jī)碳中以HCO3-形式存在的C占主導(dǎo),垂直方向上變化形式不一,空間分布上其含量大小依次為休閑區(qū)工業(yè)區(qū)交通區(qū)行政/居民區(qū)文教區(qū);活性炭含量在垂直方向上變化多樣,空間上,活性炭密度變化為休閑區(qū)文教區(qū)工業(yè)區(qū)交通區(qū)行政/居民區(qū)。(3)將所選樣點(diǎn)分為綠地和非綠地兩類,綠地?zé)o機(jī)碳含量垂直變化相對統(tǒng)一,非綠地則呈多樣性;空間分布上無機(jī)碳含量與碳密度變化一致,綠地為工業(yè)區(qū)行政/居民區(qū)文教區(qū)交通區(qū)休閑區(qū),非綠地為文教區(qū)交通區(qū)行政/居民區(qū)工業(yè)區(qū)休閑區(qū),非綠地?zé)o機(jī)碳含量與碳密度高于綠地。(4)綠地與非綠地有機(jī)碳含量和活性炭含量在垂直方向上變化無規(guī)律;有機(jī)碳含量,活性炭含量及碳密度皆為非綠地高于綠地;有機(jī)碳含量與碳密度,活性炭含量與碳密度在空間分布上排列順序不一致。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of global change research, the carbon cycle as a global climate change has attracted more and more attention. Soil carbon is an important part of the terrestrial carbon pool, including soil organic carbon and inorganic carbon. Understanding the soil carbon cycle is the important prerequisite to study the carbon cycle of land ecosystem. As a new type of soil type city Soil has been widely concerned, with the deepening of urbanization, the scope and degree of urban soil impact is becoming more and more intense. The physical and chemical properties of urban soil changes with the change of soil types, and the other characteristics of the soil change. Organic carbon in urban soil is representative, and its change process is more disturbed by human factors, which is different from the organic carbon cycle process in natural soil or farmland. At the same time, the study of the inorganic carbon in the form of carbonates in the soil is also particularly important. The change of inorganic carbon content affects soil original nature. At the same time, the process of urbanization also affects the content and distribution of inorganic carbon in soil, and whether there is an indeterminate relationship between inorganic carbon and organic carbon. It is very necessary to analyze the content and distribution characteristics of inorganic carbon and organic carbon in urban soil. Kaifeng City has a long history and its development history causes its urban soil. In this study, the study took Kaifeng City as an example to analyze the changes of inorganic carbon, organic carbon and activated carbon content in the vertical direction and spatial distribution, the change trend of carbon density, the composition of carbon density, and the analysis of the factors affecting the carbon content. This study selected 62 profile points and 301 soil layers to carry out soil basic physical and chemical properties, inorganic carbon content, organic carbon. Content, water soluble inorganic carbon component and active carbon content determination. Through this study, the following conclusions are obtained: (1) the change of inorganic carbon and organic carbon content in the urban soil of Kaifeng City presents diversity in the vertical direction, and the inorganic carbon content in the natural soil rises first and then then decreases with the depth in the vertical direction. In the spatial distribution, the order of inorganic carbon density in each functional area was: the 14.35kg/m2 administrative / residential area (13.10kg/m2) Industrial Zone (12.98kg/m2) leisure area (12.66kg/m2) traffic area (11.88kg/m2); the order of organic carbon density was: the administrative / residential area (53.99kg/m2) Industrial Zone (51.33kg/m2) cultural and educational area (44. 70kg/m2) leisure area (29.87kg/m2) traffic area (27.15kg/m2). The proportion of insoluble inorganic carbon in urban soil of Kaifeng City is large in the 1/3. (2) of the total carbon density, and the C in the form of HCO3- is dominant in the soluble inorganic carbon, and the vertical direction is different in the vertical direction, and the spatial distribution is in the order of leisure area. In the administrative / residential area, the content of active carbon in the industrial area is varied in the vertical direction. In space, the density of activated carbon is changed into the administrative / residential area of the industrial zone of the leisure area. (3) the selected samples are divided into two types of green space and non green space, the vertical change of the content of inorganic carbon in green space is relatively unified, and the non green space is diverse; The distribution of inorganic carbon content was the same as that of carbon density. The green space was the administrative / residential area of the industrial district, the recreational area of the cultural and educational area, the non green space was the administrative / residential area leisure area of the cultural and educational area, the inorganic carbon content and the carbon density of the non green space were higher than the green space. (4) the organic carbon content and the active carbon content of the green space and non green space were in the vertical direction. The content of organic carbon, the content of activated carbon and the density of carbon are all higher than the green space, and the content of organic carbon and carbon density, the content of activated carbon and carbon density in the spatial distribution sequence are not consistent.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S153.6

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