本文選題：水稻土 + 土地利用方式轉(zhuǎn)變��； 參考：《土壤通報(bào)》2016年02期

【摘要】：水田改為經(jīng)濟(jì)林、蔬菜地是我國(guó)南方地區(qū)快速城市化過(guò)程中重要的土地利用方式的轉(zhuǎn)變,可引起土壤質(zhì)量的變化。以浙江省杭州市平原地區(qū)水稻田和由水稻田改成的經(jīng)濟(jì)林(果樹(shù)、苗木和桑樹(shù))和蔬菜地(包括露天蔬菜地和大棚蔬菜地)為對(duì)象,研究了泥質(zhì)田、青紫泥田和淡涂泥田等3種平原地區(qū)分布較為廣泛的代表性水稻土改旱種植經(jīng)濟(jì)林、露天蔬菜地和大棚蔬菜地后土壤活性有機(jī)碳及碳庫(kù)管理指數(shù)的變化。結(jié)果表明:水田改旱種植經(jīng)濟(jì)林、蔬菜地后,表層(0~15 cm)土壤有機(jī)碳明顯下降,亞表層(15~30 cm)土壤有機(jī)碳輕微下降,30 cm以下土壤有機(jī)碳基本不變。與長(zhǎng)期種植水稻的水田土壤相比,大棚蔬菜地、露天蔬菜地和經(jīng)濟(jì)林地表層土壤有機(jī)碳分別下降了32.4%~35.7%、28.2%~30.4%和18.3%~24.2%。種植經(jīng)濟(jì)林、露天蔬菜地、大棚蔬菜地后土壤活性有機(jī)碳(包括易氧化有機(jī)碳、顆粒態(tài)有機(jī)碳、輕組分有機(jī)碳、水溶性有機(jī)碳和微生物生物量碳)比長(zhǎng)期種植水稻的水田有不同程度降低,其中易氧化有機(jī)碳、顆粒態(tài)有機(jī)碳和輕組分有機(jī)碳下降幅度大于有機(jī)碳總量;與長(zhǎng)期種植水稻的水田土壤相比,經(jīng)濟(jì)林地土壤顆粒態(tài)有機(jī)碳和輕組分有機(jī)碳分別下降了31.41%~37.09%和22.72%~25.70%;露天蔬菜地土壤分別下降了45.78%~52.36%和39.50%~45.25%;大棚蔬菜地分別下降了55.44%~63.59%和45.92%~55.13%。同時(shí),易氧化有機(jī)碳、顆粒態(tài)有機(jī)碳和輕組分有機(jī)碳占總有機(jī)碳的比例也有明顯的下降趨勢(shì)。改旱后土壤碳庫(kù)管理指數(shù)呈明顯下降,下降幅度:大棚蔬菜地露天蔬菜地經(jīng)濟(jì)林地。分析認(rèn)為,土地利用方式改變引起有機(jī)碳礦化及有機(jī)物質(zhì)輸入平衡發(fā)生變化是引起土壤有機(jī)碳變化的主要原因;水田改旱不利于土壤碳庫(kù)管理指數(shù)提高。
[Abstract]:The change of paddy field to economic forest, vegetable land is an important change of land use mode in the process of rapid urbanization in southern China, which can cause the change of soil quality. The muddy field was studied on paddy field, economic forest (fruit tree, seedling and mulberry tree) and vegetable field (including open vegetable field and greenhouse vegetable field) in plain area of Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province. The changes of soil active organic carbon (SOC) and carbon pool management index in three plain areas, such as bluish purple mud field and light coated mud field, which were widely distributed in paddy land and dry planting forest, were observed in open vegetable field and greenhouse vegetable field. The results showed that the soil organic carbon decreased obviously after paddy field was changed to dry planting economic forest. After vegetable land, the soil organic carbon decreased obviously, but the subsurface layer soil organic carbon decreased slightly under 30 cm soil organic carbon. Compared with the paddy soil cultivated for a long time, the soil organic carbon in greenhouse vegetable field, open vegetable field and economic forest land decreased by 32.4% and 18.3%, respectively, and the soil organic carbon of surface soil decreased by 32.4% and 18.3%, respectively. Soil active organic carbon (including easy to oxidize organic carbon, particulate organic carbon, light organic carbon) after planting economic forest, open vegetable field, greenhouse vegetable field, Water soluble organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon) were lower than those of paddy field planted for a long time, and the decrease of easily oxidized organic carbon, particulate organic carbon and light organic carbon was larger than that of organic carbon. Compared with paddy soil planted with rice for a long time, soil particulate organic carbon and light component organic carbon in economic forest decreased 31.41%, 37.09% and 22.72% respectively, open vegetable soil decreased 45.782.36% and 39.50% respectively, and greenhouse vegetable field decreased 55.44% 63.59% and 45.92% and 55.13%, respectively. At the same time, the ratio of easily oxidized organic carbon, particulate organic carbon and light organic carbon to total organic carbon also decreased obviously. The index of soil carbon pool management decreased obviously after drought, and the decrease range was: greenhouse vegetable field, open vegetable land, economic forest land. It is concluded that the change of organic carbon mineralization and the change of organic matter input balance are the main reasons for the change of soil organic carbon, and the change of paddy field to drought is not conducive to the improvement of soil carbon pool management index.
【作者單位】： 浙江省建德市農(nóng)技推廣中心;
【基金】：建德市耕地地力監(jiān)測(cè)(編號(hào):浙土肥字[2007]35號(hào))資助
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S153.6

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