本文選題：微咸水 + 膜孔灌　； 參考：《河北工程大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：利用微咸水與膜孔灌相結合的方式進行農田灌溉,能夠充分發(fā)揮二者的優(yōu)勢,在一定程度上起到節(jié)水的效果。因此研究大田試驗條件下微咸水膜孔灌土壤水鹽運移規(guī)律是很有必要的。本文在查閱和分析國內外微咸水和膜孔灌理論與技術等相關文獻資料的基礎上,采用室外試驗和理論分析相結合的技術路線,主要研究了微咸水膜孔灌田間試驗條件下土壤水鹽運移規(guī)律及再分布過程中土壤水鹽的運移分布規(guī)律,主要研究成果如下:1.研究了灌水技術要素對微咸水膜孔灌田間試驗土壤水鹽運移規(guī)律的影響,其中灌水技術要素包括灌水量和膜孔直徑,研究結果表明灌水技術要素對土壤水鹽運移規(guī)律有較大影響。灌水量增大,土壤垂直濕潤鋒運移距離增大,濕潤體內相同位置處土壤含水率增大,濕潤體內表層土壤電導率值逐漸減小,深層土壤電導率值逐漸增加。膜孔直徑增大,濕潤體內表層土壤含水率增大,深層土壤含水率逐漸降低;膜孔直徑增大,膜孔附近土壤電導率逐漸減小,深層土壤電導率逐漸增大。再分布過程并不影響灌水技術要素對土壤水鹽運移影響。2.研究了微咸水水質對微咸水膜孔灌田間試驗土壤水鹽運移規(guī)律的影響,微咸水水質包含礦化度和鈉吸附比兩個因素,研究結果表明微咸水水質對土壤水鹽運移規(guī)律有較大影響。灌溉水礦化度為3g/L,土壤的導水能力最大,礦化度增加,土壤的導水能力逐漸降低;灌溉水礦化度小于3g/L,土壤剖面存在脫鹽區(qū),灌溉水礦化度高于3g/L,土壤剖面全部積鹽。鈉吸附比增加,垂直濕潤鋒運移距離逐漸減小,濕潤體內相同位置處土壤含水率逐漸增大。鈉吸附比增加,對土壤相同位置土壤電導率值、土壤脫鹽區(qū)、積鹽區(qū)無較大影響。再分布過程并不影響微咸水水質對土壤水鹽運移影響。3.研究了分次灌溉對微咸水膜孔灌土壤水鹽運移規(guī)律的影響,分次灌溉包含灌溉次序和淡水續(xù)灌時間兩個因素,研究結果表明分次灌溉對土壤水鹽運移規(guī)律有較大影響。第一次灌溉水水質對土壤濕潤鋒運移距離、土壤含水率起主導作用,首次灌水為咸水的土壤濕潤鋒運移距離高于土壤首次灌水為淡水的處理,灌水次序咸-淡,中層土壤積鹽效果明顯;灌水次序為淡-咸,土壤表層和底層積鹽。續(xù)灌時間由0h延長到12h,濕潤體內相同位置處土壤含水率逐漸增大;表層土壤電導率逐漸減小,深層土壤電導率逐漸增大;續(xù)灌時間由12h延長到72h,土壤含水率與電導率分布規(guī)律與之相反。再分布過程并不影響分次灌溉對土壤水鹽運移影響。綜上所述,本文揭示了微咸水膜孔灌田間試驗條件下,灌水量、膜孔直徑、礦化度、鈉吸附比、灌溉次序和淡水續(xù)灌時間對土壤水鹽運移規(guī)律的影響,以上研究成果可以研究微咸水膜孔灌技術提供理論指導。
[Abstract]:Irrigation with the combination of brackish water and membrane pore irrigation can give full play to the advantages of the two and save water to a certain extent. Therefore, it is necessary to study the law of water and salt movement of soil water and salt irrigation under the condition of field test. On the basis of related literature and other related literature, the rule of soil water salt migration and the distribution of soil water and salt in the process of redistribution under the condition of field experiment of micro brackish water film hole irrigation were mainly studied with the combination of outdoor test and theoretical analysis. The main research results were as follows: 1. research on the irrigation technology elements to the brackish water film The effects of soil water and salt migration on soil irrigation field test, in which irrigation technology elements include the amount of irrigation and the diameter of the membrane pore, the results of the study show that the irrigation technology elements have a great influence on the soil water and salt migration law. The irrigation amount increases, the migration distance of the soil vertical wetting front increases, the soil moisture content increases at the same location in the wet body, and the moisture content increases. The electrical conductivity of the surface soil gradually decreased, the conductivity of deep soil increased gradually. The diameter of the membrane pore increased, the moisture content of the surface soil increased, the water content in the deep soil decreased gradually, the diameter of the membrane hole increased, the conductivity of soil near the membrane hole gradually decreased, and the conductivity of deep soil soil increased gradually. The redistribution process did not affect irrigation. The influence of technical factors on soil water and salt migration.2. studies the effect of brackish water quality on soil water and salt migration in the field experiment of micro brackish water film hole irrigation. The water quality of brackish water contains two factors: salinity and sodium adsorption ratio. The results show that the water quality of brackish water has a great influence on the movement of soil water and salt. The salinity of irrigation water is 3g/L, soil The water conductivity of the soil is the largest, the salinity is increased, the water conductivity of the soil decreases gradually, the salinity of the irrigation water is less than 3g/L, the soil profile is desalted, the salinity of the irrigation water is higher than that of the 3g/L, the soil profile is all salt, the sodium adsorption ratio increases, the migration distance of the vertical wetting front gradually decreases, and the soil moisture content increases gradually at the same position in the humid body. The increase of sodium adsorption ratio has no significant influence on soil conductivity, soil desalination and salt accumulation in the same soil position. Redistribution process does not affect the effect of salt water quality on soil water and salt migration..3. studies the effect of sub irrigation on the movement of water and salt in saline water membrane pore irrigation, and sub irrigation includes irrigation sequence and fresh water irrigation time. The results of the two factors show that sub irrigation has a great influence on soil water and salt migration. The first irrigation water quality plays a leading role in soil wetting front migration distance and soil moisture content. The migration distance of soil wetting front for the first irrigation is higher than the first irrigation of soil for fresh water, and the order of irrigation is salty and middle soil. The effect of salt accumulation is obvious; the order of irrigation is light salt, soil surface and bottom salt. The time of continuous irrigation is extended from 0h to 12h, the soil moisture content of the soil at the same position in the humid body gradually increases; the conductivity of the soil layer gradually decreases, the conductivity of the deep soil gradually increases; the continuous irrigation time extends from 12h to 72h, and the distribution law of soil water content and electrical conductivity On the contrary, the redistribution process does not affect the effect of sub irrigation on soil water and salt migration. In summary, this paper reveals the effects of irrigation, pore diameter, salinity, sodium adsorption ratio, irrigation order and fresh water on soil water and salt migration under the condition of field irrigation with brackish water membrane irrigation. The above research results can be used to study brackish water. The membrane hole irrigation technique provides theoretical guidance.
【學位授予單位】：河北工程大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S152.7

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