本文選題：晉西黃土區(qū) + 土壤理化性質(zhì)　； 參考：《北京林業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：為探究晉西黃土區(qū)典型退耕林地間土壤理化性質(zhì)和水文功能的差異,選取山西吉縣蔡家川流域1994年退耕的油松(Pinus tabulaeformis, P)人工林、刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia, R)人工林、油松×刺槐人工混交林(Pinus tabulaeformis×Robinia pseudoacacia, P×R) 3種人工退耕林地和坡耕地封禁封育形成的次生林(Secondary forest, SF)4種典型林分為研究對(duì)象,同時(shí)以耕地(CK)作為對(duì)照,通過退耕16-20年間不同林地的外業(yè)調(diào)查,室內(nèi)測定和分析比較。結(jié)果表明：(1)不同林地土壤理化性質(zhì)方面,隨著退耕年限的積累,土壤密度呈現(xiàn)逐漸減小的趨勢,土壤孔隙度、飽和導(dǎo)水率、有機(jī)質(zhì)含量呈現(xiàn)逐年增加的趨勢,但逐年變化差異不顯著,除土壤顆粒組成外,退耕19年和20年較退耕16年則有顯著提高；lm厚度土層土壤有機(jī)質(zhì),土壤孔隙度,根系含量和土壤飽和導(dǎo)水率：次生林油松x刺槐混交林刺槐人工林油松人工林耕地。土壤根系越多,土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量越高,土壤密度越小,土壤飽和導(dǎo)水率越大,土壤總孔隙度和毛管孔隙度越大。(2)3種人工退耕林地和次生林水文功能方面,枯落物蓄積量呈現(xiàn)逐年增加的趨勢,最大和有效持水量次生林混交林刺槐林油松林,且4種林分之間差異顯著。不同退耕林地和耕地lm厚度土層的飽和含水量和毛管持水量：次生林混交林油松林刺槐林耕地。綜合枯落物層和土壤層持水能力評(píng)價(jià)林地最大持水能力和有效持水能力發(fā)現(xiàn),各林地的最大和有效持水能力表現(xiàn)為次生林混交林刺槐林油松林耕地,且土壤層的持水能力是林地水文功能的主要方面。通過研究地區(qū)退耕16-20年間不同林地的物理性質(zhì)和水文功能的比較發(fā)現(xiàn),林地較耕地有顯著改善和提高,退耕效果最好的是次生林,其次是混交林,最差為人工純林。表明次生林宜作為該地區(qū)退耕植被恢復(fù)的主要參考。
[Abstract]:In order to investigate the difference of soil physical and chemical properties and hydrological function among typical returning forest land in Shanxi Province, the Pinus tabulaeformis (P) plantation and Robinia pseudoacacia (R) plantation were selected from Cai Jiachuan Basin, Ji County, Shanxi Province in 1994. Pinus tabulaeformis 脳 Robinia pseudoacacacia (P 脳 R) three typical secondary forest forests, secondary forestand SFN, which were closed off from sloping farmland, were divided into study objects, and cultivated land CK was taken as control. Through field investigation of different forest land in 16-20 years, indoor measurement and comparison were made. The results showed that soil density decreased gradually with the accumulation of returning years, soil porosity, saturated water conductivity and organic matter content increased year by year. However, there was no significant difference in the change of soil organic matter and soil porosity between 19 years and 20 years after returning to tillage for 19 and 20 years. Root content and soil saturated water conductivity: secondary forest Pinus tabulaeformis x Robinia pseudoacacia mixed forest Pinus tabulaeformis plantation cultivated land. The more soil roots, the higher the content of soil organic matter, the smaller the soil density, the greater the saturated water conductivity of soil, the greater the total porosity and capillary porosity of soil. Litter volume increased year by year, the maximum and effective water holding capacity of secondary forest mixed forest Robinia pseudoacacia forest, Pinus tabulaeformis forest, and there were significant differences among the four forest types. Saturated water content and capillary water holding capacity of soil layer with different depth of lm in different returning forest land and cultivated land: secondary mixed forest, Pinus tabulaeformis forest, Robinia pseudoacacia forest cultivated land. The maximum and effective water holding capacity of forest land was evaluated by synthesizing the water holding capacity of litter layer and soil layer. It was found that the maximum and effective water holding capacity of each forest was the cultivated land of Pinus tabulaeformis plantation in mixed forest of secondary forest and Robinia pseudoacacia forest. The water holding capacity of soil layer is the main aspect of hydrological function of forest land. By comparing the physical properties and hydrological functions of different woodlands in the study area during 16-20 years, it was found that the forest land was significantly improved and improved compared with the cultivated land, the best effect was secondary forest, the second was mixed forest, and the worst was artificial pure forest. It is suggested that secondary forest should be used as the main reference for vegetation restoration in this area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京林業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S714

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