本文選題：土壤養(yǎng)分 + 空間變異�。� 參考：《廣西大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：土壤養(yǎng)分狀況是土壤潛在供應(yīng)養(yǎng)分能力的一個重要指標(biāo),土壤養(yǎng)分含量與農(nóng)作物產(chǎn)出水平呈現(xiàn)正相關(guān)的關(guān)系。本研究以柳江縣為研究對象,旨在掌握縣域土壤養(yǎng)分分布規(guī)律。首先統(tǒng)計分析了柳江縣域樣點數(shù)據(jù)的土壤養(yǎng)分特征值,并對數(shù)據(jù)進行正態(tài)分布檢驗、自相關(guān)性檢測、趨勢面分析；利用GS+7.0軟件進行半方差分析挑選出最優(yōu)模型,在Arcgis10.0軟件中進行克里格插值,并輸出預(yù)測圖；在此基礎(chǔ)上,分析研究區(qū)不同土壤類型的養(yǎng)分特征,保證了研究區(qū)土壤資源的合理規(guī)劃利用。本研究結(jié)果如下：1、研究區(qū)樣點的pH、全氮、有機質(zhì)、有效磷、速效鉀的平均值分別為5.983,1.686g/kg,25.915 g/kg,31.364 mg/kg,86.663 mg/kg,總體上pH為弱酸性,全氮含量中等偏低,有機質(zhì)含量較高,有效磷和速效鉀含量低；各養(yǎng)分?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)符合正態(tài)分布,其變異系數(shù)分別為0.124,0.322,0.332,0.544,0.373,均表現(xiàn)出中等變異性,其中有效磷的變異性最大,pH的變異性最小。2、pH、全氮、有機質(zhì)、速效鉀的最優(yōu)模型為指數(shù)模型,有效磷的最優(yōu)模型為高斯模型。pH、全氮、有機質(zhì)、有效磷、速效鉀的塊金效應(yīng)分別為0.00172,0.499,0.500,0.500,0.500,其中pH有強烈的空間相關(guān)性,后四者為中等相關(guān)性。3、柳江縣域土壤pH值呈現(xiàn)出北高南低、自西向東減弱的趨勢,有機質(zhì)、全氮含量大體上呈現(xiàn)出北高南低的趨勢,有效磷、速效鉀呈現(xiàn)整體含量較低的特點。兩種克里格插值方法中,pH、有機質(zhì)、全氮、有效磷的平均標(biāo)準(zhǔn)誤差都比均方根預(yù)測誤差高。整體上協(xié)同克里格的插值效果優(yōu)于普通克里格。4、柳江縣域的水稻土、石灰土、新積土、潮土,磷素、鉀素缺口較大,要重點補充：有機質(zhì)、全氮要適當(dāng)補充,pH要合理調(diào)節(jié)。大部分研究區(qū)采樣點的農(nóng)田水利設(shè)施不完善,水土流失現(xiàn)象時有出現(xiàn),是造成作物低產(chǎn)的原因之一,耕作時要注意固持水土。
[Abstract]:Soil nutrient status is an important indicator of soil potential nutrient supply ability. Soil nutrient content has a positive correlation with crop output level. In this study, Liujiang County as the research object, in order to grasp the distribution of soil nutrients in the county. Firstly, the soil nutrient characteristic values of the sample data in Liujiang county were analyzed, and the data were tested by normal distribution, autocorrelation, trend surface analysis, and the optimal model was selected by the semi-variance analysis of GS7.0 software. Kriging interpolation was carried out in Arcgis10.0 software and the prediction map was outputted. On this basis, the nutrient characteristics of different soil types in the study area were analyzed to ensure the rational planning and utilization of soil resources in the study area. The results of this study are as follows: the average pH, total nitrogen, organic matter, available phosphorus and available potassium of the sample are 5.983 ~ 1.686 g / kg ~ (25. 915) g / kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) mg 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1), pH is weak acid, total nitrogen content is medium low and organic matter content is relatively high. The available phosphorus and available potassium contents were low, and the nutrient data were in accordance with normal distribution, the coefficient of variation was 0.124 脳 0.3220.332n 0.544N 0.373, respectively, showing moderate variability, in which the maximum variability of available phosphorus was the lowest pH, the pH of total nitrogen and organic matter was the lowest, the maximum variability of available phosphorus was the lowest pH, total nitrogen, organic matter, The optimal model of available potassium is exponential model, and the optimal model of available phosphorus is Gao Si model. The total nitrogen, organic matter, available phosphorus and available potassium have block gold effect of 0.00172 ~ 0.499 ~ 0.500 ~ 0.500 ~ 0.500 ~ 0.500, respectively, and pH has a strong spatial correlation. The soil pH value of Liujiang County showed the trend of north high and south low, weakening from west to east, organic matter and total nitrogen content showed the trend of north high and south low, available phosphorus and available potassium were lower. The average standard error of pH, organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorus in the two Kriging interpolation methods is higher than that in RMS prediction. On the whole, the interpolation effect of synergetic Kriging is better than that of ordinary Kriging. The paddy soil, lime soil, new soil, tidal soil, phosphorus and potassium in Liujiang county area have a large gap. The emphasis should be added: organic matter, total nitrogen should be properly supplemented and pH should be adjusted reasonably. The irrigation and water conservancy facilities of the sampling sites in most of the study areas are not perfect, and the phenomenon of soil and water loss occurs from time to time, which is one of the reasons for the low yield of crops. Therefore, attention should be paid to soil and water conservation during cultivation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S158

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本文編號：2023063