本文選題：納米碳 + 模擬降雨　； 參考：《水土保持學(xué)報》2017年06期

【摘要】：通過在神木六道溝流域開展模擬降雨試驗,分別在試驗小區(qū)上、中、下位置條施不同施加量的納米碳(0.0%,0.1%,0.5%,0.7%和1.0%)研究其對硝態(tài)氮隨徑流、泥沙遷移及在土壤中再分布過程的影響。設(shè)計1.0m×1.0m降雨小區(qū),前期在土壤表層以下5—10cm埋入不同施加量納米碳,另設(shè)不施加納米碳的小區(qū)為參照。采用針孔式人工模擬降雨器進行模擬降雨,降雨強度為90mm/h,降雨歷時為40min。降雨前后分別采集土壤剖面土樣,降雨過程中定時收集徑流及泥沙,用以研究納米碳對于硝態(tài)氮遷移過程的影響。結(jié)果表明,在土壤中施加納米碳,可有效減少坡面產(chǎn)流產(chǎn)沙量,且累計徑流量、累計產(chǎn)沙量與土壤中納米碳施加量呈現(xiàn)負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系;納米碳的施加同樣可降低徑流、泥沙中硝態(tài)氮含量,隨著納米碳施加量的增加,徑流和泥沙中硝態(tài)氮流失量減少,納米碳施加量為1.0%時,可減少徑流中硝態(tài)氮流失65.3%,泥沙中硝態(tài)氮流失85.7%;土壤剖面硝態(tài)氮變化對比表明,施加納米碳處理中表層硝態(tài)氮含量明顯低于對照處理,且在10—15cm出現(xiàn)硝態(tài)氮含量峰值,均大于對照處理。通過等效徑流遷移深度分析硝態(tài)氮流失情況,無納米碳施加處理的EDR最大,隨著納米碳施加量的增加,各處理的EDR依次減小。綜上,在黃綿土中施加納米碳,可有效減少土壤硝態(tài)氮的流失量,在黃土區(qū)土壤中施加納米碳并提高施入納米碳的比例,對于該地區(qū)硝態(tài)氮流失的治理具有積極作用。
[Abstract]:By carrying out simulated rainfall experiments in the Shenmu six channel Valley, the effects of different amounts of carbon nanoscale (0%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 0.7% and 1%) on the nitrate nitrogen with runoff, sediment transport and redistribution in the soil were studied on the experimental plots, middle and lower locations, respectively. The 1.0m 1.0m rainfall plot was designed to be 5 to 10 below the soil surface in the early stage. Cm is embedded with different amounts of carbon nanoscale, and a plot with no nano carbon is used as a reference. The simulated rainfall is simulated with a pinhole artificial rainfall simulator. The rainfall intensity is 90mm/h. The soil profiles are collected before and after the rainfall of 40min.. The runoff and sediment are collected during the rainfall process, so as to study the migration of carbon nanoparticles to nitrate nitrogen. The results show that the application of nano carbon in the soil can effectively reduce the runoff and sediment yield on the slope, and the cumulative runoff, the cumulative sediment yield is negatively correlated with the amount of carbon nanoscale in the soil, and the application of nanoscale can also reduce the runoff, the content of nitrate nitrogen in the sediment, and the increase of the amount of carbon nanoscale, runoff and sediment When the loss of nitrate nitrogen is reduced, the nitrate nitrogen loss in runoff can be reduced by 65.3% and the nitrate nitrogen loss in sediment is 85.7%. The change of nitrate nitrogen in soil profile shows that the content of nitrate nitrogen in the surface layer is obviously lower than that of the control, and the peak of nitrate nitrogen content in the 10 to 15cm is higher than that of the control. According to the analysis of the loss of nitrate nitrogen by the equivalent runoff migration depth, the EDR is the largest without the application of nano carbon. With the increase of the amount of carbon nanoscale, the EDR in each treatment decreases in turn. In a word, the amount of carbon in the soil can be applied in the soil of the yellow soil, which can effectively reduce the loss of soil nitrate nitrogen, and apply nano carbon in the soil of the loess region and improve the application of nano carbon. The proportion of carbon plays a positive role in the management of nitrate loss in this area.
【作者單位】： 西安理工大學(xué)西北旱區(qū)生態(tài)水利工程國家重點實驗室培育基地;中科院水利部水土保持研究所黃土高原土壤侵蝕與旱地農(nóng)業(yè)國家重點實驗室;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(51239009;41371239) 陜西省科技支撐項目(2013KJXX-38) 陜西省自然科學(xué)基金項目(2015JQ5161) 西安理工大學(xué)特色研究計劃項目(2016TS013)
【分類號】：S157.1

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