本文選題：渭北地區(qū) + 鹽堿化�。� 參考：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：為明確陜西省渭北地區(qū)農(nóng)田土壤鹽堿化空間分布和主要影響因素,給區(qū)域耕地資源合理利用和低產(chǎn)田改良提供決策支持,以渭河以北、渭北低山及兩側(cè)的黃土高原和臺(tái)塬為研究中心,通過實(shí)地調(diào)查、土壤采樣和室內(nèi)分析的方式,獲得渭北地區(qū)0~60 cm土層的鹽堿化數(shù)據(jù)及相對應(yīng)的空間、土壤性質(zhì)、地下水、作物產(chǎn)量數(shù)據(jù),對土壤鹽堿化程度的分布狀況進(jìn)行定量評價(jià),結(jié)合GIS軟件繪制不同土壤層次的鹽堿化分布圖,結(jié)果表明:渭北地區(qū)0~60 cm農(nóng)田土壤鹽堿化主要以輕度鹽土和非堿化土為主,輕度鹽土約占農(nóng)田總面積的93.48%,非堿化土占總面積95.36%。各土層鹽堿量從上到下逐漸增加,含鹽量平均值在1.29~2.06 g/kg之間,堿化度平均值在2.92~4.93 g/kg之間。渭北地區(qū)土壤含鹽量相對較高值分布在地勢相對較低、地形平坦、河流湖泊密集區(qū)域,土壤含鹽量較高區(qū)域主要出現(xiàn)在黃河、渭河、洛河三河交匯的大荔縣部分區(qū)域(鹽池洼周邊);臨渭區(qū)、富平縣、蒲城縣交界區(qū)域(鹵泊灘周邊);黃河沿岸的韓城市部分區(qū)域。土壤含鹽量最高值分布在大荔鹽池洼周邊和蒲城鹵泊灘周邊。土壤堿化度較高值分布在臨渭區(qū)、富平縣和蒲城縣交界區(qū)域(鹵泊灘周邊),黃河、渭河、洛河交匯的大荔縣部分區(qū)域(鹽池洼周邊);最高值集中在臨渭區(qū)、富平縣和蒲城縣交界區(qū)域(鹵泊灘周邊)。農(nóng)田0~20 cm土層土壤含鹽量受空間因素的影響較大,貢獻(xiàn)率達(dá)49.22%,20~40 cm和40~60 cm土層土壤含鹽量受土壤因素影響較大,貢獻(xiàn)率分別達(dá)到48.33%和55.60%,其中起到?jīng)Q定性作用的是土壤質(zhì)地、土壤團(tuán)聚體、容重。研究區(qū)大部分區(qū)域的鹽堿化概率較高,形成較嚴(yán)重的危害趨勢。研究區(qū)礦化度、水埋深、鹽含量和綜合指標(biāo),滿足對應(yīng)閾值條件的高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)概率面積分別為5395 km2、1490km2、6249km2和6605 km2,占渭北地區(qū)總面積的比例分別為52%、14%、60%和64%�？傮w分析,土壤中鹽含量隨水埋深變淺、礦化度升高而增高,土壤鹽堿化風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也隨之增高。尤其是滿足閾值條件下,綜合三項(xiàng)指標(biāo)得出的6605 km2鹽堿化高概率發(fā)生區(qū),要著重強(qiáng)化監(jiān)測預(yù)警工作。通過對渭北地區(qū)農(nóng)田土壤鹽堿化進(jìn)行分布調(diào)查、影響因素分析、趨勢預(yù)測,可以有針對性地采取鹽堿地改良措施,包括配套適宜的排灌設(shè)施、改良耕作管理技術(shù)、施入化學(xué)改良劑和生物改良等方式,治理改良渭北地區(qū)農(nóng)田土壤鹽堿化。
[Abstract]:In order to clarify the spatial distribution and main influencing factors of soil salinization in Weibei region of Shaanxi Province, and to provide decision support for rational utilization of regional cultivated land resources and improvement of low yield fields, the north of Weihe River was used to support the development of the soil salinization. Through field investigation, soil sampling and indoor analysis, the salinization data and corresponding space, soil properties and groundwater of the 0 ~ 60 cm soil layer in Weibei area were obtained through field investigation, soil sampling and laboratory analysis, with the Loess Plateau and tableland on both sides of Weibei Mountain as the research center. Crop yield data were used to quantitatively evaluate the distribution of soil salinization, and GIS software was used to map the salinization distribution of different soil levels. The results showed that the soil salinization was mainly composed of mild saline soil and non-alkaline soil, which accounted for 93.48% of the total area of farmland, and 95.36% of the total area of non-alkaline soil. The salt and alkali content of each soil layer increased gradually from top to bottom, the average salt content was between 1.29 and 2.06 g/kg, and the average alkalinity was between 2.92 ~ 4.93 g/kg. The relatively high values of soil salinity in Weibei area are distributed in the areas with relatively low topography, flat terrain, dense rivers and lakes, and high soil salinity mainly in the Yellow River and Weihe River. Some areas of Dali County where the three rivers of Luohe River meet (Yanchi Wagao periphery; Linwei District, Fuping County, Pucheng County Junction area (Haloga Beach periphery); Han City area along the Yellow River. The highest value of soil salt content was distributed around Dali Yanchi and Pucheng Halogen Beach. The higher soil alkalinity is distributed in Linwei area, the border area of Fuping County and Pucheng County (the area around Haloguotan, part of Dali County where the Huanghe River, Weihe River and Luohe River meet) (Yanchi Wagao area, the highest value is concentrated in Linwei District). Fuping County and Pucheng County junction area (halogen park beach around. The soil salt content in the soil layer of 0 ~ 20 cm was greatly affected by spatial factors, and the contribution rate was 49.22 ~ 40 cm and 40 ~ 60 cm, respectively, and the contribution rate was 48.33% and 55.60%, respectively, and the decisive effect was the soil texture. Soil aggregate, bulk density. The probability of salinization is relatively high in most areas of the study area, resulting in a more serious harm trend. In the study area, the high risk probability area of salinity, water depth, salt content and comprehensive index, meeting the corresponding threshold condition, is 5395 km ~ 2, 1490 km ~ 2, 6249 km ~ 2 and 6605 km ~ 2, respectively, accounting for 521460% and 64 km ~ 2 of the total area of Weibei area, respectively. As a whole, the salt content in the soil increases with the water depth, the salinity increases, and the risk of soil salinization increases. Especially under the condition of satisfying the threshold value, it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring and early warning work by synthesizing the high probability area of 6605 km2 salinization based on three indexes. By investigating the distribution of soil salinization in Weibei area, analyzing the influencing factors and forecasting the trend, we can take the measures of saline-alkali land improvement, including appropriate drainage and irrigation facilities, and improve tillage and management technology. Chemical modifier and biological improvement were applied to improve soil salinization in Weibei area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S156.4

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 扶卿華,倪紹祥,李開麗;土壤鹽堿化遙感監(jiān)測方法[J];農(nóng)機(jī)化研究;2005年01期

2 蘇志學(xué);;土壤鹽堿化及其防治措施[J];吉林水利;2006年03期

3 谷洪彪;姜紀(jì)沂;;土壤鹽堿化的災(zāi)害學(xué)定義及其風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評價(jià)體系[J];災(zāi)害學(xué);2013年01期

4 賈探民,杜雙田;世界各國防治土壤鹽堿化主要措施[J];墾殖與稻作;1999年02期

5 海春興,吳紅英,秦樹輝;內(nèi)蒙土默特沖積平原土壤鹽堿化過程及改造途徑研究——以托縣永圣域鄉(xiāng)為例[J];內(nèi)蒙古科技與經(jīng)濟(jì);2000年06期

6 王治富,于鳳華,張樹德,于洪波,龍顯助;松嫩平原土壤鹽堿化防治措施[J];防護(hù)林科技;2002年01期

7 余美;芮孝芳;;防治土壤鹽堿化地表水地下水聯(lián)合管理模型[J];水資源保護(hù);2007年04期

8 阿依帕夏·阿不都克力木;;土壤鹽堿化——新疆社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展面臨的環(huán)境問題[J];和田師范專科學(xué)校學(xué)報(bào);2008年03期

9 孫慧霞;王暉;張?jiān)獤|;;土壤鹽堿化防治措施概述[J];河南水利與南水北調(diào);2008年08期

10 張景節(jié);;棚室土壤鹽堿化的原因及對策[J];現(xiàn)代農(nóng)村科技;2009年07期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前2條

1 VINCENT Bernard;BOUARFA Sami;VIDAL Alain;;干排水控制土壤鹽堿化有效性研究(英文)[A];Collection of 2009 International Forum on Water Resources and Sustainable Development[C];2009年

2 谷洪彪;王子佳;宋洋;;松原灌區(qū)土壤鹽堿化現(xiàn)狀及其成因分析[A];農(nóng)業(yè)、生態(tài)水安全及寒區(qū)水科學(xué)——第八屆中國水論壇摘要集[C];2010年

相關(guān)重要報(bào)紙文章 前5條

1 張明;大棚土壤鹽堿化應(yīng)對措施[N];江蘇農(nóng)業(yè)科技報(bào);2013年

2 通訊員 陳愛萍;義長灌域管理局科研項(xiàng)目通過專家鑒定[N];巴彥淖爾日報(bào)(漢);2010年

3 吉林省大安市龍沼鎮(zhèn)新風(fēng)種養(yǎng)協(xié)會(huì) 馮雪;果園土壤鹽堿化怎樣治理[N];河南科技報(bào);2011年

4 陶健 杜燁;“洗鹽術(shù)”讓“不毛之地”果蔬茁壯[N];江蘇農(nóng)業(yè)科技報(bào);2009年

5 陳德勝;我市獲得“十一五”國家科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目重要課題研究資格[N];東營日報(bào);2010年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 樊會(huì)敏;陜西渭北農(nóng)田土壤鹽堿化動(dòng)態(tài)及影響因素研究[D];中國科學(xué)院大學(xué)(中國科學(xué)院教育部水土保持與生態(tài)環(huán)境研究中心);2017年

2 張艷;羊草葉片及根莖中非結(jié)構(gòu)糖的季節(jié)動(dòng)態(tài)變化及土壤鹽堿化對其影響[D];東北師范大學(xué);2006年

3 Diabate Baba;松嫩草原物種分布及其特點(diǎn)與土壤鹽堿化梯度高度相關(guān)[D];東北師范大學(xué);2010年

，

本文編號(hào)：2013377