本文選題：農(nóng)藥 + 蛋白核小球藻　； 參考：《遼寧大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：農(nóng)藥因其施用方式及物化特性,會(huì)對(duì)靶標(biāo)生物外的生物及環(huán)境產(chǎn)生影響,包括對(duì)土壤、水體、大氣造成的環(huán)境污染,這種殘留污染現(xiàn)象早已受到了國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者的廣泛關(guān)注。太子河上游山區(qū)段河流中藻類以綠藻為主,本研究選用具有代表性且易于試驗(yàn)的蛋白核小球藻作為試驗(yàn)藻種,研究了殺蟲(chóng)劑敵敵畏和除草劑敵草快2種常用農(nóng)藥對(duì)蛋白核小球藻的影響及脅迫機(jī)理。通過(guò)前期四環(huán)境因子正交試驗(yàn),確認(rèn)對(duì)于蛋白核小球藻的生長(zhǎng)影響程度:光照強(qiáng)度溫度總氮總磷。得到本研究?jī)?yōu)化后的蛋白核小球藻培養(yǎng)條件為,溫度為24℃,光照3000lux,總氮20mg/L,總磷0.4mg/L,在此條件下進(jìn)行農(nóng)藥脅迫實(shí)驗(yàn)分析。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,敵敵畏與敵草快對(duì)蛋白核小球藻的毒性作用不同。從葉綠素含量的變化可以看出,低濃度敵敵畏對(duì)蛋白核小球藻的生長(zhǎng)具有促進(jìn)作用,在高濃度時(shí)對(duì)蛋白核小球藻的生長(zhǎng)具有明顯的抑制作用,濃度過(guò)高時(shí)導(dǎo)致藻細(xì)胞大量死亡。而低濃度的敵草快對(duì)蛋白核小球藻無(wú)促進(jìn)作用,高濃度時(shí)抑制作用十分嚴(yán)重,且隨著蛋白核小球藻暴露時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng),毒害作用更強(qiáng)。因此,對(duì)蛋白核小球藻而言,敵草快的毒性作用大于敵敵畏。對(duì)于低濃度的敵敵畏及敵草快,蛋白核小球藻均表現(xiàn)出受脅迫后,POD、SOD含量的升高,經(jīng)高濃度農(nóng)藥處理的蛋白核小球藻,POD、SOD含量在短時(shí)間內(nèi)急劇降低,敵草快對(duì)蛋白核小球藻兩種酶的抑制作用更為顯著,這應(yīng)該與除草劑敵草快對(duì)藻細(xì)胞光合作用系統(tǒng)直接產(chǎn)生影響有關(guān)。敵敵畏及敵草快低濃度組處理蛋白核小球藻的MDA含量增加相對(duì)較少,變化趨勢(shì)并不明顯,高濃度組蛋白核小球藻MDA含量有明顯增加,表現(xiàn)出一定的濃度-效應(yīng)關(guān)系,在一定的農(nóng)藥濃度下暴露一段時(shí)間后,蛋白核小球藻的MDA含量可恢復(fù)到正常波動(dòng)范圍。通過(guò)熒光探針技術(shù),對(duì)暴露于敵敵畏農(nóng)藥下細(xì)胞膜自由基損傷情況進(jìn)行了監(jiān)測(cè),證明敵敵畏會(huì)使蛋白核小球藻細(xì)胞膜發(fā)生明顯的脂質(zhì)化反應(yīng),使蛋白核小球藻細(xì)胞膜的通透性增大。
[Abstract]:Due to its application methods and physicochemical characteristics, pesticides will have an impact on the target organisms and the environment, including the soil, water, atmosphere caused by environmental pollution, this residual pollution phenomenon has been widely concerned by domestic and foreign scholars. The algae in the upper reaches of the princeling River are mainly chlorophyta. In this study, Chlorella Proteinuca, which is representative and easy to test, was selected as the experimental algae. The effects and stress mechanism of dichlorvos (DDVP) and diethyleneuridine (DDP) on Chlorella Proteinuca were studied. The effects of light intensity and temperature on the growth of Chlorella Proteinuca were confirmed by the orthogonal experiment of four environmental factors: light intensity, temperature, total nitrogen and total phosphorus. The optimized culture conditions of Chlorella proteolyticus were as follows: temperature 24 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2013226