發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-12 09:00

  本文選題：捕食性天敵昆蟲(chóng) + 京津冀��； 參考：《河北大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：利用捕食性天敵昆蟲(chóng)在自然界中的調(diào)控作用,以蟲(chóng)治蟲(chóng),控制蟲(chóng)災(zāi),是保證農(nóng)業(yè)增產(chǎn)、保護(hù)農(nóng)業(yè)清潔環(huán)境的有效途徑,也有利于實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)平衡、保護(hù)生物多樣性和實(shí)現(xiàn)人與各種生物和諧相處的崇高目標(biāo)。本文基于京津冀地區(qū)天敵昆蟲(chóng)標(biāo)本采集、物種鑒定和文獻(xiàn)資料整理與分析,對(duì)該地區(qū)捕食性天敵昆蟲(chóng)的種類與多樣性進(jìn)行了調(diào)查研究,為此,首先要摸清農(nóng)林牧業(yè)生態(tài)環(huán)境中的天敵昆蟲(chóng)種類,它們的多樣性組成和優(yōu)勢(shì)種類發(fā)生情況。取得了如下結(jié)果：1、經(jīng)標(biāo)本鑒定和相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)整理,獲得京津冀地區(qū)捕食性天敵昆蟲(chóng)共計(jì)16目101科632屬1580種。其中以鞘翅目、雙翅目、膜翅目、半翅目和蜻蜓目5目昆蟲(chóng)占據(jù)優(yōu)勢(shì),種類總數(shù)達(dá)到68科548屬1442種,分別占該地區(qū)已知捕食性天敵昆蟲(chóng)總數(shù)的67.33%、86.71%和91.27%。2、依據(jù)Holt等的世界動(dòng)物地理區(qū)11界意見(jiàn),京津冀地區(qū)捕食性天敵昆蟲(chóng)凸顯中日界成分,物種總數(shù)達(dá)到478種,占該地區(qū)已知捕食性天敵昆蟲(chóng)昆蟲(chóng)總數(shù)的30.25%；其次是中日界+古北界+東洋界共有種類,占總數(shù)的28.04%；再次是中日界+古北界共有成分和中日界+東洋界共有成分,分別占總數(shù)的23.16%和18.54%。該數(shù)據(jù)表明,京津冀地區(qū)是中國(guó)日本動(dòng)物區(qū)昆蟲(chóng)的典型的分布區(qū),其與古北界和東洋界的共有物種交流十分豐富,同時(shí)又保留了大量的特有種類。3、依據(jù)張榮祖等的中國(guó)動(dòng)物地理2界、3亞界、7區(qū)、19亞區(qū)區(qū)劃意見(jiàn),京津冀地區(qū)主要位于華北區(qū),與東北區(qū)、蒙新區(qū)、華中區(qū)毗鄰。在該地區(qū)的捕食性天敵昆蟲(chóng)中,只分布于華北區(qū)的種類多達(dá)430種,占總數(shù)的27.25%；通過(guò)跨區(qū)分布類型比較,華北區(qū)與華中區(qū)跨區(qū)分布的昆蟲(chóng)類型為781種(49.43%),與華南區(qū)跨區(qū)分布的昆蟲(chóng)類型為639種(40.44%)。說(shuō)明該地區(qū)與華中區(qū)、華南區(qū)的聯(lián)系較為緊密。究其原因,可能由于京津冀地區(qū)的南部與華中區(qū)不存在明顯的地理屏障,而北部與東北區(qū)和蒙新區(qū)存在地理屏障有關(guān)。
[Abstract]:It is an effective way to ensure the increase of agricultural production and to protect the clean environment of agriculture by using the control function of predatory natural enemy insects in nature to control insects and insect pests. It is also beneficial to realize the balance of agricultural ecology. Protect biodiversity and achieve the noble goal of harmony between man and all living things. Based on the collection of natural enemy insect specimens, species identification and literature analysis in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the species and diversity of predatory natural enemy insects in this area were investigated and studied. First, the species of natural enemy insects in the ecological environment of agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry, their diversity composition and the occurrence of dominant species should be found out. The results are as follows: 1. Through specimen identification and literature review, 1580 species of predatory insects belonging to 632 genera, 101 families and 16 orders in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei are obtained. Among them, Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, Hemiptera and Odonata are the dominant insects, and the total species amount to 68 families, 548 genera and 1442 species. It accounts for 67.336.71% and 91.27.2% of the total number of known predators in this area respectively. According to Holt's opinion of 11 world zoogeographic regions, the predatory natural enemy insects in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area highlight the Japanese elements, and the total species amount to 478 species. It accounts for 30.25 of the total number of known predators in this area, followed by the common species of the Middle Japanese Palaearthen and the East Ocean, accounting for 28.04 of the total. Again, there are common components in the Meso-Japanese Paleo-Northern and Central Japanese Orientals. They accounted for 23.16% and 18.54% of the total, respectively. The data show that the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is a typical distribution area of insects in the Japanese fauna of China. At the same time, a large number of endemic species. According to Zhang Rongzu's opinion on the division of 2 boundaries, 3 subboundaries, 7 sub-regions and 7 subregions of China's animal geography, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is mainly located in North China, adjacent to the northeast region, the new area of Mongolia and the central China region. Among the predatory natural enemy insects in this area, there are only 430 species distributed in North China, accounting for 27.25% of the total. The insect types in North China and Central China are 781 species and 49.43 species, and 639 species and 40.44 species in South China. It shows that this area is closely connected with central China and South China. The reason may be that there is no obvious geographical barrier in the south of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and central China, but the geographical barrier in the north is related to the existence of geographical barrier in the northeast region and the new area of Mongolia.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S476.2

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本文編號(hào)：2009121