本文選題：奶牛場廢水 + 電催化氧化　； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：奶牛養(yǎng)殖場廢水具有明顯的“三高”特點:高有機物、高氨氮、高懸浮物,屬于難降解有機廢水,直接排放會危害生態(tài)環(huán)境和人類健康。本課題研究對象為完達山奶牛場廢水,根據(jù)項目可研報告提出的技術(shù)路線,即混凝-電化學-厭氧-好氧-電化學組合工藝,確定了適合奶牛場廢水處理的工藝參數(shù),出水水質(zhì)能夠滿足《農(nóng)田灌溉水質(zhì)標準》(GB5084-2005,旱作)的要求,為工程建設(shè)提供了有參考價值的研究結(jié)果,同時為高COD、高氨氮、高懸浮物有機廢水的處理提供了一種思路。廢水來源于糞尿一起沖刷的混合廢水,在經(jīng)簡單的格柵過濾后排出,以及小區(qū)生活污水,具有高COD、高懸浮物濃度和高氨氮的特點。論文系統(tǒng)研究了混凝沉淀法和電催化氧化法預(yù)處理廢水的效果,并進行工藝參數(shù)優(yōu)化。以聚合氯化鋁為混凝劑,優(yōu)化出PAC的最佳投加量為0.25g/L,此時COD、SS和總氮去除率分別為20%、56%和20%。以強化水中氨氮轉(zhuǎn)化為目標,對電催化氧化法的工藝參數(shù)進行優(yōu)化,結(jié)果為:以Ti/Sn O2電極為陽極,電流密度為25 m A/cm2時,降解2 h,COD和TN去除率分別為60%、36%。預(yù)處理后,廢水的COD值為6875mg/L,氨氮濃度為535mg/L,滿足本課題要求生物氧化段氨氮濃度小于550mg/L的目標。論文采用厭氧-好氧(EGSB SBR)組合工藝作為生物處理工藝。EGSB總?cè)莘e為7.5 L,有效體積3.5 L,啟動條件為中溫35℃、回流比20、HRT為24 h。SBR有效體積4 L,每天運行3個周期。EGSB-SBR反應(yīng)器運行穩(wěn)定后,SBR出水COD在187±76 mg/L之間,EGSB和SBR對COD去除率分別為89%、76%。觀察生物反應(yīng)器運行前后的污泥生物相的變化,發(fā)現(xiàn)均形成了適應(yīng)各自條件的微生物菌群。在研究電化學預(yù)處理對EGSB反應(yīng)器運行效果的影響時發(fā)現(xiàn),進水氨氮在745mg/L,總氮在1200 mg/L時,COD的去除率達67%,產(chǎn)氣中CH4含量占61%;進水氨氮在535 mg/L,總氮在770 mg/L時,COD的去除率達89%,產(chǎn)氣中CH4含量占65%。數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)果驗證了高濃度氨氮對厭氧微生物有抑制作用,同時解釋了本文提出預(yù)處理的必要性。為保障SBR在存在沖擊負荷時,出水水質(zhì)仍可達標,論文在SBR出水設(shè)置了電催化氧化單元。通過對比二維和三維電催化體系處理SBR出水的效果和能耗,得出了三維電催化體系的優(yōu)越性。以COD最大時的出水為研究對象,以瓷環(huán)粒子為粒子電極,電流密度為10 m A/cm2時,降解10 min,出水即可達標。文章分析了穩(wěn)定運行過程中各階段廢水水質(zhì),當奶牛場廢水COD在19750±1750 mg/L之間時,SBR出水的COD在187±76 mg/L之間,SBR出水中TOC值為106 mg/L。廢水經(jīng)電催化處理后,可生化性從0.41提高至0.65,生物處理后,SBR出水B/C比降為0.19。通過對各階段廢水進行GC-MS掃描分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)各階段有機物種類較多,SBR出水中有機物多為難降解類物質(zhì)。
[Abstract]:The wastewater from dairy cattle farm has the characteristics of "three high": high organic matter, high ammonia nitrogen, high suspended matter, it is difficult to degrade organic wastewater, direct discharge will harm the ecological environment and human health. The object of this study is Wandashan dairy wastewater. According to the technical route proposed in the project research report, that is, coagulation-electrochemical, anaerobic, aerobic and electrochemical process, the process parameters suitable for the treatment of dairy wastewater are determined. The effluent quality can meet the requirements of "farmland Irrigation Water quality Standard" (GB5084-2005, dry cropping), which provides a valuable research result for engineering construction, and also provides a way of thinking for the treatment of organic wastewater with high COD, high ammonia nitrogen and high suspended solids. The wastewater comes from mixed wastewater washed together by feces and urine. It is discharged after simple grid filtration, and has the characteristics of high COD, high concentration of suspended matter and high ammonia nitrogen. The effects of coagulation precipitation and electrocatalytic oxidation on the pretreatment of wastewater were systematically studied, and the process parameters were optimized. With polyaluminum chloride as coagulant, the optimum dosage of PAC is 0.25 g / L, and the removal rates of COD and TN are 20% and 20%, respectively. The process parameters of electrocatalytic oxidation were optimized to enhance the conversion of ammonia and nitrogen in water. The results showed that the removal rates of COD and TN were 60 and 3636 when the Ti / Sno _ 2 electrode was used as anode and the current density was 25 m A/cm2. After pretreatment, the COD value of wastewater is 6875 mg / L, and the concentration of ammonia nitrogen is 535 mg / L, which meets the goal of biological oxidation stage with ammonia nitrogen concentration less than 550 mg / L. In this paper, a combination of anaerobic and aerobic EGSB SBR process was used as the biological treatment process. The total volume of EGSB was 7.5 L, the effective volume was 3.5 L, and the start-up condition was 35 鈩，

本文編號：2008723