本文選題：細(xì)葉云南松 + 凋落物�。� 參考：《廣西大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：凋落物是森林植物與土壤養(yǎng)分循環(huán)、物質(zhì)交換的載體,與土壤的理化性質(zhì)、土壤肥力、土壤微生物活動等都密切相關(guān),故森林凋落物是森林生態(tài)學(xué)、森林土壤學(xué)和生物地球化學(xué)等學(xué)科重點研究內(nèi)容之一。細(xì)葉云南松是西南地區(qū)先鋒樹種,但前人對細(xì)葉云南松的研究主要集中在地理分布、生長規(guī)律、遺傳多樣性、種群空間分布格局等。而對細(xì)葉云南松凋落物的研究目前仍為空白,本文通過對細(xì)葉云南松天然混交林凋落物量和養(yǎng)分進(jìn)行動態(tài)研究,揭示凋落物量、成分組成和季節(jié)動態(tài)以及凋落物養(yǎng)分與土壤養(yǎng)分的關(guān)系,為深入了解細(xì)葉云南松天然混交林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)和功能提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。主要研究結(jié)果如下:1、細(xì)葉云南松天然混交林年凋落物量在12462.90～14273.49kg/hm2,凋落物以針葉為主份量,為4047.17～7353.23kg/hm2,占總凋落物量的30%以上,闊葉年凋落量為2205.56～3815.84kg/hm2,占總凋落物量的15%以上,全部凋落葉占總凋落物量的60%以上。2、細(xì)葉云南松凋落物現(xiàn)存量半分解層和未分解層凋落量相近,含水率表現(xiàn)出半分解層大于其它未分解層的現(xiàn)象。3個大樣地未分解層凋落物現(xiàn)存量含水量分別為62.67%、34.68%、63.15%,半分解層分別為63.54%、52.07%、66.57%。3、細(xì)葉云南松凋落物量月動態(tài)變化趨勢為雙峰型,峰值分別是4月、11月,9月時為最低值。針葉凋落物變化趨勢呈多峰型,峰值分別是4月、8月、11月。闊葉和雜物凋落量均呈雙峰型,闊葉凋落量峰值出現(xiàn)在4月、11月或1月,雜物凋落量峰值出現(xiàn)在4月、10月～11月。樹枝凋落量變化趨勢沒有統(tǒng)一的規(guī)律性。4、細(xì)葉云南松凋落物粗灰分含量較高,大小順序為闊葉針葉樹枝雜物;半分解層未分解層。其中3個大樣地凋落物各組份粗灰分含量針葉分別為 3.49%、3.52%、6.77%;闊葉分別為 4.32%、5.25%、8.21%;樹枝分別為 2.98%、4.16%、5.80%;雜物分別為 1.99%、4.17%、3.98%;未分解層分別為 10.52%、10.07%、13.76%;半分解層分別為 49.17%、35.19%、36.48%。5、對細(xì)葉云南松凋落物進(jìn)行養(yǎng)分濃度測定和比較,樣地各組份含量大小順序一致,從大到小順序為NKCaPFeMgCu。3個樣地不同組份濃度差異較大,N濃度在4.72～15.01g/kg,P濃度在0.40～0.69g/kg之間,Ca濃度范圍為0.35～4.82g/kg之間,Fe濃度范圍為81.23～281.44mg/kg之間,Mg濃度在20.31～94.00mg/kg之間,Cu的濃度在6.91～37.05mg/kg之間,K的濃度范圍為0.98～5.56g/kg。6、3個樣地凋落物各組份Fe、Cu、Ca年歸還量均具有的統(tǒng)一的規(guī)律。Fe歸還量大小表現(xiàn)為1號樣地2號樣地3號樣地;Cu歸還量大小表現(xiàn)為3號樣地2號樣地1號樣地;Ca歸還量大小表現(xiàn)為3號樣地1號樣地2號樣地。其它元素各組份年歸還量3個樣地沒有統(tǒng)一的規(guī)律性。7、凋落物量及各組份各元素歸還量與土壤養(yǎng)分具有相關(guān)性,研究結(jié)果表明:土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)與樹枝的N、P、Cu歸還量和針葉的K、Fe歸還量和闊葉Cu歸還量以及雜物Cu歸還量;土壤全氮和樹枝N,針葉K、Mg、Fe,闊葉Cu,雜物Cu;土壤全磷與針葉K、Mg,樹枝K,雜物Cu;土壤全鉀與針葉N、Mg;土壤速效鉀與針葉N、樹枝K之間都呈現(xiàn)出極顯著相關(guān)。
[Abstract]:Litter is the carrier of nutrient circulation of forest plants and soil, the carrier of material exchange, and the physical and chemical properties of soil, soil fertility and soil microbial activity. Therefore, the forest litter is one of the key studies in forest ecology, forest soil science and biogeochemistry. Yunnan pine is a pioneer species in Southwest China. The previous studies on Yunnan pine were mainly concentrated on geographical distribution, growth law, genetic diversity, and the spatial distribution pattern of the population, while the study on the litter of fine leaves of Yunnan pine was still blank. The litter volume, composition and season were revealed by the dynamic study of the litter size and nutrient intake of the fine leaves of the fine leaves of Yunnan pine. The relationship between litter dynamics and litter nutrients and soil nutrients provides a scientific basis for understanding the structure and function of the natural mixed forest ecosystem of Yunnan pine. The main results are as follows: 1, the annual litter amount of the natural mixed forest of fine leaves of Yunnan pine is 12462.90 to 14273.49kg/hm2, and the litter is mainly from conifers, from 4047.17 to 7353.. 23kg/hm2, which accounts for more than 30% of the total litter volume, is 2205.56 ~ 3815.84kg/hm2, accounting for more than 15% of the total litter volume, and all litter leaves account for more than 60% of the total litter volume. The semi decomposed and undecomposed layer litter of Yunnan pine litter is similar, and the water content shows that the half decomposition layer is larger than the other undecomposed layers. The existing amount of water content in the.3 large undecomposed layer litter is 62.67%, 34.68%, 63.15%, and the semi decomposition layer is 63.54%, 52.07%, and 66.57%.3, respectively. The monthly dynamic trend of Yunnan pine litter is Shuangfeng type. The peak value is in April, November, and September. The variation trend of coniferous litter is multi peak, and the peak is April, respectively. In August, November. The deciduous and sundries were all in Shuangfeng type. The peak of broad leaf litter peak appeared in April, November or January. The peak of litter fall appeared in April and October to April. The variation trend of the litter fall did not have the uniform regularity.4, the coarse ash content in the fine leaf litter of Yunnan was higher, the size sequence was the broadleaf coniferous branch sundries; semi decomposition. There were 3.49%, 3.52%, 6.77%, and 4.32%, 5.25%, 8.21%, respectively, 2.98%, 4.16%, 5.80% of the broad-leaved leaves, respectively, and the branches were 1.99%, 4.17%, 3.98%, respectively, and the undecomposed layers were separately, 36.48%.5, 36.48%.5, and fine. The nutrient concentration of Ye Cloud Nan Song litter was measured and compared. The order of the samples was in the same order. From large to small, the concentrations of different components in NKCaPFeMgCu.3 samples were different, the concentration of N was 4.72 to 15.01g/kg, the concentration of P was from 0.40 to 0.69g/kg, the range of Ca concentration was from 0.35 to 4.82g/kg, and the range of Fe concentration was 81.23 to 281.44m. Between 20.31 and 94.00mg/kg, the concentration of Mg is between 20.31 and 94.00mg/kg, and the concentration of Cu is between 6.91 and 37.05mg/kg. The concentration range of K is 0.98 ~ 5.56g/kg.6,3 sample litter Fe, Cu and Ca year returns all have the same regular.Fe return amount as No. 3, sample No. 2, number 1, and the Cu return amount is 2 sample sample number 3. The amount of Ca return is 1, and the return amount of the number is No. 2 in sample number 3. The annual return of other elements in 3 samples has no uniform regular.7. The amount of litter and the return of each element are related to the soil nutrients. The results show that the N, P, Cu return and Fe return of the soil organic matter and the branches of the branches and the K and Fe of the conifers are returned. The amount and broadleaf Cu return and the amount of Cu return of the sundries; soil total nitrogen and branches N, conifers K, Mg, Fe, broadleaf Cu, sundries Cu, soil total phosphorus and coniferous K, Mg, branch K, sundries Cu, soil available potassium and needles.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S714

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本文編號：2008157