本文選題：大城市邊緣區(qū) + 土壤堿解氮　； 參考：《沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)》2017年05期

【摘要】：研究大城市郊區(qū)耕層土壤堿解氮的時空變異特征,為土壤肥力的評價(jià)和管理提供科學(xué)指導(dǎo)。采用GIS技術(shù)與地統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)相結(jié)合方法,以遼寧省沈陽市蘇家屯區(qū)為例,利用野外土壤調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù),對1980、2000和2010年3期土壤堿解氮進(jìn)行時空變異特征分析,結(jié)果表明:1980年土壤堿解氮含量等級主要集中在V級,占總面積47.3%,分布于臨湖街道和永樂鄉(xiāng),整體呈現(xiàn)中部高,南北低的分布格局;到2000年,土壤堿解氮含量也主要集中在IV級和V級,分別占總面積57.0%和37.3%,IV級的面積有所擴(kuò)大,主要分布于王綱堡鄉(xiāng)、永樂鄉(xiāng)的中部、北部和臨湖街道的南部,與2000年相比,研究區(qū)域普遍上升范圍為0~15mg·kg~(-1),包括臨湖街道、王綱堡鄉(xiāng)的東部和永樂鄉(xiāng)的中部、北部,出現(xiàn)下降的區(qū)域主要是在王綱堡鄉(xiāng)的中部和西部地區(qū),其中西部地區(qū)下降范圍達(dá)到大于15mg·kg~(-1)以上;到2010年,土壤堿解氮含量等級主要集中在III級和IV級,分別占總面積60.1%和23.6%,其中III級主要分布于王綱堡鄉(xiāng)的中南部和永樂鄉(xiāng)的大部分區(qū)域,IV級主要分布于臨湖街道和王綱堡鄉(xiāng)的北部,與2000年相比,堿解氮含量普遍上升,上升范圍在0~15mg·kg~(-1)和15~30mg·kg~(-1)之間,上升范圍較大是王綱堡鄉(xiāng)和永樂鄉(xiāng);從總體上來看,研究區(qū)域在時間上,近30年研究區(qū)域堿解氮含量整體趨于上升。在空間上,土壤堿解氮含量分異明顯,耕地資源的空間結(jié)構(gòu)趨于復(fù)雜,且離城市越遠(yuǎn),堿解氮增加的幅度相應(yīng)也會大些,而這種時空變異特征與大城市邊緣區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)者的經(jīng)營行為差異密切相關(guān),也為該區(qū)域耕地資源合理配置、科學(xué)管理等帶來新的挑戰(zhàn)。
[Abstract]:In order to provide scientific guidance for evaluation and management of soil fertility, the characteristics of spatial and temporal variability of alkaline nitrogen in topsoil in the suburbs of big cities were studied. Using GIS and geostatistics as an example, the spatial and temporal variability of soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen in three periods (1980 ~ 2000 and 2010) in Sujiatun, Shenyang, Liaoning Province was analyzed by using field soil survey data. The results showed that in 1980, the soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen grade was mainly concentrated in V grade, accounting for 47.3% of the total area, and distributed in the streets of Linhu Lake and Yongle Township. The overall distribution pattern was high in the middle, low in the north and south, and low in the north and south by the year 2000. Soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content was also mainly concentrated in grade IV and grade V, accounting for 57.0% and 37.3% of the total area of grade IV respectively, which were mainly distributed in Wang Gang Bao Township, the central part of Yongle Township, the north part and the southern part of the street near Lake, compared with 2000. The study area generally increased from 0~15mg KGG to 1, including the streets near the lake, the eastern part of Wang Gangbao Township and the central and northern parts of Yongle Township. The areas where the decline occurred were mainly in the central and western areas of Wangguangbao Township. The decrease range of soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen in the western region was greater than that of 15mg KG-1), and by 2010, the soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen levels were mainly in grade III and grade IV. Among them, grade III is mainly distributed in the central and southern parts of Wang Gang Bao Township and in most areas of Yongle Township. Grade IV is mainly distributed in the streets near Lake and the northern part of Wang Gangbao Township. Compared with 2000, the content of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen has generally increased. The rising range is between 0~15mg KGG (-1) and 15~30mg (KGQ) -1), the rising range is Wang Gang Bao Xiang and Yongle Township, and in general, the content of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen in the study area tends to rise in the past 30 years. In space, the difference of soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content is obvious, the spatial structure of cultivated land resources tends to be complex, and the farther away from the city, the larger the range of soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen increase will be. This spatio-temporal variation is closely related to the difference in the management behavior of agricultural producers in the marginal areas of big cities, which also brings new challenges to the rational allocation of cultivated land resources and scientific management in the region.
【作者單位】： 沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)管理學(xué)院;沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)土地與環(huán)境學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(71503174,71373127,71503113) 國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFD0300210) 中國博士后科學(xué)基金特別資助項(xiàng)目(2016T90229);中國博士后科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(2014M551127) 遼寧省社會科學(xué)規(guī)劃基金項(xiàng)目(L15BJY037) 2015年遼寧省農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域青年科技創(chuàng)新人才培養(yǎng)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2015049)
【分類號】：S158

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