本文選題：林冠損傷模擬 + 林下土壤�。� 參考：《中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：脫落酸(ABA)是植物體合成的一種植物激素,對植物生長的多個方面具有重要調(diào)節(jié)作用。植物體合成的內(nèi)源ABA通過凋落物、穿透雨、樹干流、根系分泌等方式進(jìn)入森林群落形成外源ABA,并通過微生物、光照、地表徑流等方式分解或輸出從而在土壤中達(dá)到動態(tài)平衡。林冠損傷后森林群落結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生改變,而土壤ABA影響種子的萌芽和森林群落的演替,森林林冠受損后土壤ABA濃度如果降低則能解除對先鋒種的抑制作用,使受損森林結(jié)構(gòu)中先鋒種所占比例上升而發(fā)生一定程度的逆向演替,而監(jiān)測森林群落中ABA動態(tài)輸入輸出對研究森林結(jié)構(gòu)改變機(jī)理會有更好的認(rèn)識,也對生態(tài)理論,森林演替過程研究具有重要意義。本文在2008年中國南方特大冰雪災(zāi)害背景下,在南嶺小坑地區(qū)選取未受到2008年冰雪災(zāi)害的常綠闊葉林,通過人工去除林冠層模擬冰災(zāi)對林冠的損傷并通過添加和移除新鮮枝葉方式研究冰雪災(zāi)害和“非正常凋落物”對外源ABA輸入輸出和現(xiàn)存量的影響。樣品中的ABA含量使用酶聯(lián)免疫法(ELISA)測定,并計(jì)算不同處理樣地的凋落物、穿透雨、樹干流ABA輸入量,地表徑流ABA輸出量,以及分析林下土壤ABA含量和土壤微生物對ABA的分解特征。通過對比不同處理樣地間的ABA輸入輸出量,揭示林冠受損對土壤ABA庫的影響。本論文獲得的主要結(jié)論如下：(1)林冠受損樣地凋落物的輸入量在4月和7月低于未受損樣地,1月和10月和未受損樣地持平,年均輸入量約為未受損樣地的75%；同時林冠受損樣地凋落物中ABA含量也不同程度低于未受損樣地。林冠受損樣地通過凋落物輸入ABA總量低于未受損樣地,年平均輸入量約為未受損樣地的56%。“非正�！钡蚵湮锏奶砑雍鸵瞥龑φ５蚵湮镙斎肓亢偷蚵湮顰BA含量均無明顯影響。(2)林冠受損后,樣地穿透雨量略高于未受損樣地,但差別不明顯,樹干流和地表徑流均明顯低于未受損樣地。林冠受損樣地穿透雨、樹干流和地表徑流中的ABA含量在5-8月低于而在9-11月高于未受損樣地。ABA通過穿透雨和樹干流的輸入量和通過地表徑流的輸出量主要受降雨量影響。(3)對比凋落物、穿透雨和樹干流ABA輸入量可知：未受損樣地中凋落物ABA輸入量占這三種ABA輸入量的30%左右,穿透雨占48%左右,樹干流占22%左右。林冠受損樣地樣地凋落物ABA輸入量占這三種ABA輸入量的23%左右,穿透雨占61%左右,樹干流占16%左右。雨水的淋溶是ABA進(jìn)入土壤的重要途徑。(4)實(shí)驗(yàn)地林下土壤ABA含量在100ng·g-1干土左右,符合演替中前期階段的林下土壤ABA含量。各月份林下土壤中ABA含量依次為10月1月4月7月。各不同處理樣地間土壤ABA含量在各月份間均無明顯差異。(5)在室內(nèi)培養(yǎng)條件下,土壤微生物能夠在數(shù)天內(nèi)快速分解掉部分(16.1～45.8%)土壤ABA,之后土壤ABA表現(xiàn)為緩慢的線性分解過程,分解速率為0.24%·d-1。高ABA含量土壤中ABA分解速率前期階段高于而后期階段低于低ABA含量土壤。土壤微生物具有一定防止土壤ABA含量過低的作用。
[Abstract]:Abscisic acid (ABA) is a plant hormone synthesized by plant body, which plays an important regulatory role in many aspects of plant growth. The endogenous ABA synthesized by plant body enters forest communities through litter, rain, tree stem and root secretion to form exogenous ABA and decomposes or output through microbiology, light, surface runoff and so on. The forest community structure changes after the crown damage, and the soil ABA affects the germination of the seed and the succession of the forest community. The decrease of the soil ABA concentration after the damage of the forest canopy can relieve the inhibitory effect on the pioneer species, which makes the proportion of the first front species in the damaged forest structure rising to a certain extent. In succession, monitoring the dynamic input and output of ABA in forest community will have a better understanding of the study of the mechanism of forest structure change, and it is of great significance to the study of ecological theory and forest succession process. Under the background of the catastrophic ice and snow disaster in southern China in 2008, this paper selects evergreen broad-leaved in the small pit area of Nanling in the small pit area of Nanling, which has not been affected by the snow and snow disaster in 2008. The effects of ice and snow disaster and "abnormal litter" on the input and output of exogenous ABA were studied by adding and removing fresh branches and leaves by artificial removal of canopy layer by artificial removal of canopy layer. The ABA content in the sample was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the litters of different processing plots were calculated and the rain was penetrated. The ABA input of the trunk stream, the ABA output of the surface runoff, and the analysis of the soil ABA content under the forest and the decomposition characteristics of the soil microorganism to the ABA. By comparing the ABA input and output of different processing plots, the influence of the damage of the canopy to the ABA Bank of the soil was revealed. The main conclusions obtained in this paper are as follows: (1) the input of the damaged litter in the crown of the forest canopy The volume was lower in April and July than in undamaged samples, in January and October and in undamaged samples. The annual input amount was about 75% of the undamaged sample, and the ABA content in the litters of the damaged canopy of the forest canopy was also lower than that of the undamaged land. The total amount of ABA in the damaged canopy of the canopy was lower than that of the undamaged land, and the annual average input was about The addition and removal of 56%. "abnormal" litter in the undamaged area had no obvious effect on the input and ABA content of the normal litter. (2) after the crown was damaged, the rainfall was slightly higher than that of the undamaged sample, but the difference was not obvious. The tree trunk and surface runoff were obviously lower than that of the undamaged land. The ABA content in the dry and surface runoff was lower in 5-8 months than in 9-11 months higher than that of the undamaged sample land.ABA through the input of the rain and the tree trunk and the output of the surface runoff. (3) compared to the litter, the penetration rain and the ABA input of the tree trunk stream showed that the ABA input of the litter in the undamaged plots accounted for the three A. About 30% of the input of BA, the penetration rain accounts for about 48%, and the trunk flow accounts for about 22%. The ABA input of the ground like ground like ground litter of the damaged canopy accounts for about 23% of the three ABA inputs, the penetration rain accounts for about 61%, the trunk flow is 16%. The leaching of the rain is an important way for ABA to enter the soil. (4) the ABA content of the soil under the experimental ground and forest is in the left 100ng g-1 dry soil The content of ABA in the soil under the early stage of succession was in line with the content of ABA in the soil under the forest in the month of October and July April. There was no significant difference in the content of soil ABA between different treatments. (5) under the conditions of indoor culture, soil microbes could quickly decompose some (16.1 to 45.8%) soil ABA within a few days. The soil ABA showed a slow linear decomposition process, and the decomposition rate was 0.24%. D-1. high ABA content in the soil. The early stage of ABA decomposition rate was higher than that in the late stage, while the later stage was lower than the low ABA content soil. Soil microbes had a certain effect on preventing the low ABA content in soil.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S714

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