本文選題：高通量測(cè)序 + 地下真菌�。� 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文在內(nèi)蒙古呼倫貝爾市大興安嶺、赤峰市黑里河及賽罕烏拉國家自然保護(hù)區(qū)、呼和浩特大青山以及阿拉善賀蘭山自然保護(hù)區(qū)采集了 8個(gè)樹種的林下土壤,同時(shí)在鄂爾多斯西鄂爾多斯國家自然保護(hù)區(qū)采集了半日花下土壤,通過應(yīng)用Illumina Hi Seq高通量測(cè)序技術(shù)獲得地下真菌的18Sr DNA的ITS序列,應(yīng)用FLASH、QIIME、Mothur等軟件獲得樣品有效序列,使用Blast對(duì)有效序列與數(shù)據(jù)庫中的參考序列進(jìn)行比對(duì)并劃分OTU后,利用R軟件對(duì)其進(jìn)行信息處理,最終分析內(nèi)蒙古不同地區(qū)8種樹種林下以及半日花地下真菌多樣性。從高通量測(cè)序的結(jié)果中挑取地下真菌OTU,結(jié)果表明內(nèi)蒙古地區(qū)8個(gè)主要樹種林下及半日花地下真菌包含26個(gè)OTU。內(nèi)蒙古地區(qū)8個(gè)主要樹種的地下真菌包含21個(gè)OTU,分布于2個(gè)門(子囊菌門Ascomycota和擔(dān)子菌門Basidiomycota),5個(gè)目(大團(tuán)囊菌目Elaphomycetales、盤菌目Pezizales、牛肝菌目Boletales、層腹菌目Hymenogastrales 和鬼筆目 Phallales),9 個(gè)科(大團(tuán)囊菌科 Elaphomycetaceae、馬鞍菌科Helvellaceae、側(cè)盤菌科Otideaceae、盤菌科Pezizaceae、地菇科Terfeziaceae、塊菌科 Tuberaceae、須腹菌科 Rhizopogonaceae、層腹菌科Hymenogastraceae 及輻片包科 Hysteraniaceae),10 個(gè)屬(大團(tuán)囊菌屬 Elaphomyces、腔塊菌屬Hydnotry、基塊菌屬Genea、地孔菌屬Geopora、粒塊菌屬Hydnobolites、地菇屬Terfezia、塊菌屬Tuber、須腹菌屬Rhizopogon、層腹菌屬Hymenogaster、輻片包屬Hysterangium)。其中塊菌屬(Tuber)、輻片包屬(Hysterangium)和層腹菌屬(Hymenogaster)是內(nèi)蒙古地區(qū)主要代表8種樹種地下真菌的優(yōu)勢(shì)屬,且塊菌屬真菌在所有8種樹種上都有分布。從樹種來看,各樹種林下地下真菌種類和豐度存在很大差異。油松和興安落葉松是擁有Tuber種類和豐度較多的樹種。Hydnotrya在興安落葉松和山楊上分布較多,Genea在蒙古櫟和油松分布較多,Elaphomyces在油松分布最多,Terfezia在蒙古櫟分布最多,Geopora在興安落葉松分布最多,Hydnobolites僅在黑樺上有分布。Rhizopogona除在蒙古櫟和山楊上沒有分布外,其余6種樹種林下都有分布。Hymenogaster在興安落葉松上分布最多,Hysterangium在黑樺上分布最多。按采樣區(qū)域來看,地下真菌多樣性由高到低依次為赤峰市賽罕烏拉赤峰市黑里河大壩溝=赤峰市黑里河道須溝阿拉善賀蘭山呼和浩特大青山呼倫貝爾大興安嶺。半日花地下真菌包含5個(gè)OTU,主要包括擔(dān)子菌門的Boletales的Sclerodermataceae(Scleroderma)和 Gastrosporiaceae(Gastrosporium)和子囊菌門的 Pezizales 的 Tuberaceae(Tuber)和 Pyronemataceae(Picoa)。屬水平上,豐度由高到低依次為 Picoa、Tuber、Scleroderma 和 Gastrosporium。本研究通過高通量測(cè)序分析揭示了內(nèi)蒙古地區(qū)8個(gè)樹種及半日花13個(gè)屬的地下真菌,遠(yuǎn)超過了前人通過子實(shí)體研究獲得的內(nèi)蒙古地區(qū)地下真菌類群的數(shù)量。高通量測(cè)序分析可為我們進(jìn)一步研究?jī)?nèi)蒙古地區(qū)地下真菌類群提供重要的手段。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the undergrowth soil of 8 tree species was collected in the Daxing'an Mountains of Hulunbeir City, Chifeng City, the Heilihe River and Saihanula National Nature Reserve, Hohhot Daqing Mountain and Alashan Helan Mountain Nature Reserve, Inner Mongolia. At the same time, the soil under sunflower was collected in Ordos National Nature Reserve. The ITS sequence of 18Sr DNA of underground fungi was obtained by using Illumina Hi Seq high-throughput sequencing technique, and the effective sequence of samples was obtained by flash QIIMEN Mothur and so on. The effective sequence was compared with the reference sequence in the database and the OTU was classified by Blast, and the information was processed by R software. Finally, the underground fungal diversity of 8 species of tree species in different regions of Inner Mongolia was analyzed. The underground fungi OTU were selected from the high throughput sequencing results. The results showed that 26 OTUs were found in 8 main tree species in Inner Mongolia. Underground fungi of 8 main tree species in Inner Mongolia include 21 OTUs, distributed in 2 phylum (Ascomycota and Basidiomycotata), 5 orders (Elaphomycetales, Pezizales, Boletales, Hymenogastrales and Phallalesus 9 families). (Elaphomycetaceaeae, Helvellaceaeae, Otideaceaeae, Pezizaceaeae, Terfeziaceaeae, tuberaceaeaceae, Rhizopogonaceaeae, Hymenogastraceae and Herystaceaniaeae, 10 genera (Hydnotryces, Hydnotrydia, Geneaes, Geneae) Porphyra belongs to Geopora, tuber belongs to Hydnobolites, Terfezia, tuber., Rhizopogon, Hymenogastera, Hysterangium. Tuberum, Hysterangium and Hymenogaster are the dominant genera of underground fungi representing 8 species in Inner Mongolia, and truffles are distributed in all 8 species. From the tree species point of view, there are great differences in the species and abundance of underground fungi. Pinus tabulaeformis and Larix gmelinii are species with more Tuber species and abundance. Hydnotrya distributes more on Larix gmelinii and Populus tabulaeformis. Genea distributes more in Quercus mongolica and Pinus tabulaeformis. Elaphomyces distributes most in Pinus tabulaeformis. The distribution of Larix gmelinii is the most. Rhizopogona is only distributed on the black birch, except for the Mongolian oak and Populus mongolica. The distribution of Hymenogaster on Larix gmelinii was the most. Hysterangium was the most distributed on black birch. According to the sampling area, the order of underground fungal diversity is Heilihe Dam ditch in Saihanula Chifeng City, Chifeng City = Heilihe River Daogou in Chifeng City and Hulunbeir Daxing'an Mountains in Hulunhaote Mountain, Alashan and Hulan Mountains in Chifeng City. Subterranean fungi of Halfendron contain five OTUs, including Scleroderma (Boletales) of basidiomycetes (Scleroderma) and Gastrosporiaceaeae Gastrosporium (Gastrosporiae) and tuberaceae of ascomycetes (tuberaceae) and Pyronemataceae (Picoa). From high to low, Picoia tuberoderma and Gastrosporium. Through high-throughput sequencing analysis, 8 species and 13 genera of subterranean fungi in Inner Mongolia were revealed, which far exceeded the number of underground fungi in Inner Mongolia obtained through fruiting body studies. High-throughput sequencing analysis can provide an important means for further study of underground fungi in Inner Mongolia.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S714.3

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本文編號(hào)：1969073