本文選題：氯甲基吡啶 + 土壤微生物��； 參考：《中國(guó)生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)學(xué)報(bào)》2017年07期

【摘要】：已知硝化抑制劑氯甲基吡啶能有效抑制土壤硝化,減少氮的淋洗和硝化-反硝化損失,促進(jìn)作物對(duì)氮素的吸收,但是其對(duì)干旱區(qū)滴灌條件下土壤微生物群落功能多樣性的影響尚不明確。本試驗(yàn)研究了尿素添加氯甲基吡啶(Nitrapyrin)分次隨水滴施對(duì)干旱區(qū)滴灌棉田土壤微生物碳代謝和群落功能多樣性的影響。試驗(yàn)采用隨機(jī)區(qū)組設(shè)計(jì),設(shè)置不施氮肥[CK,0 kg(N)·hm~(-2)]、單施尿素[Urea,225 kg(N)·hm~(-2)]和尿素添加氯甲基吡啶[Urea+nitrapyrin,225 kg(N)·hm~(-2)+2.25 kg(nitrapyrin)·hm~(-2)]3個(gè)處理,重復(fù)4次,采用Biolog-ECO法進(jìn)行土壤微生物碳代謝和功能多樣性研究。結(jié)果表明:與不施氮肥(CK)相比,施用尿素和尿素添加氯甲基吡啶均能顯著提高土壤微生物對(duì)31種碳源的代謝能力(AWCD)和代謝強(qiáng)度(S)(P0.05),增加土壤微生物多樣性和豐富度(Shannon指數(shù)、Simpson指數(shù)、Mc Intosh指數(shù)和Richness指數(shù))以及對(duì)各類碳源的利用能力。尿素添加氯甲基吡啶隨水滴施后,土壤微生物AWCD值、碳代謝強(qiáng)度、Shannon指數(shù)、Simpson指數(shù)、Mc Intosh指數(shù)以及Richness指數(shù)均大于單施尿素處理,且較單施尿素處理分別提高13.83%、9.33%、1.29%、1.34%、11.26%、11.79%(P0.05),均勻度指數(shù)則低于單施尿素處理(P0.05)。PCA和聚類分析結(jié)果表明,施用尿素和尿素添加氯甲基吡啶對(duì)土壤微生物群落功能多樣性均產(chǎn)生了顯著影響,但尿素添加氯甲基吡啶與單施尿素處理差異不顯著;氯甲基吡啶的添加提高了土壤微生物對(duì)聚合物、酚酸、羧酸、氨基酸以及胺類的利用,降低了對(duì)碳水化合物的利用(P0.05)。上述研究結(jié)果得出,在干旱區(qū)滴灌棉田,尿素添加氯甲基吡啶分次隨水滴施可調(diào)控土壤的微生態(tài)環(huán)境,在一定程度上提高土壤微生物的代謝能力,增加微生物群落功能多樣性,緩解因長(zhǎng)期施用無(wú)機(jī)氮肥導(dǎo)致的土壤微生物活性的降低。
[Abstract]:It is known that chloromethylpyridine, a nitrification inhibitor, can effectively inhibit soil nitrification, reduce nitrogen leaching and nitrification-denitrification loss, and promote nitrogen uptake by crops. However, its effect on the functional diversity of soil microbial communities under drip irrigation in arid areas is not clear. The effects of urea on soil microbial carbon metabolism and community functional diversity in drip irrigation cotton field were studied. A randomized block design was used to study soil microbial carbon metabolism and functional diversity by applying nitrogen fertilizer (CK 0 kg N), single application of urea (Urea1 225 kg N), and urea supplemented with Urea nitrilyrinyrinx 225 kg N (hmMN 2) 2.25 kg nitrapyrinyrin1 (HMN) 2) 4 times, respectively, and repeated 4 times for 4 times in order to study the carbon metabolism and functional diversity of soil microbes by means of Biolog-ECO method in the study of soil microbial carbon metabolism and functional diversity. The results showed that compared with CK without applying nitrogen fertilizer, Application of urea and urea with chloromethylpyridine could significantly improve the metabolic ability of soil microbes to 31 carbon sources and the metabolic intensity of P0. 05%, and increase the diversity and richness of soil microbes, such as Intosh index and Richness index. ) and the ability to use all kinds of carbon sources. When urea was added with chloromethylpyridine, soil microbial AWCD value, carbon metabolism intensity, Shannon index, Simpson index, Mc Intosh index and Richness index were higher than those of urea alone. The results of cluster analysis showed that the application of urea and urea supplemented with chloromethylpyridine had a significant effect on the functional diversity of soil microbial communities, and the evenness index was lower than that of urea alone, and the results of cluster analysis showed that urea and urea supplemented with chloromethylpyridine had a significant effect on the functional diversity of soil microbial communities, and the evenness index of the treatments was lower than that of urea alone, and the results of cluster analysis showed that the application of urea and urea supplemented with chloromethylpyridine had a significant effect on the functional diversity of soil microbial communities. The addition of chloromethylpyridine increased the utilization of polymers, phenolic acids, carboxylic acids, amino acids and amines, and decreased the utilization of carbohydrates. The results showed that in the drip irrigation cotton field in arid area, urea added with chloromethyl pyridine could regulate the microecological environment of soil, improve the metabolic ability of soil microorganism and increase the functional diversity of microbial community to a certain extent. To alleviate the decrease of soil microbial activity caused by long-term application of inorganic nitrogen fertilizer.
【作者單位】： 新疆生產(chǎn)建設(shè)兵團(tuán)綠洲生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室/石河子大學(xué)農(nóng)學(xué)院;污染環(huán)境修復(fù)與生態(tài)健康教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室/浙江大學(xué)環(huán)境與資源學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41461064)資助~~
【分類號(hào)】：S154.3
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本文編號(hào)：1956874