本文選題：土壤侵蝕 + WEPP模型　； 參考：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)黃土區(qū)地形復(fù)雜,水土流失嚴(yán)重,土壤侵蝕問題成為限制該區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重要因素之一。水土流失預(yù)測(cè)是黃土區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要內(nèi)容,也是該區(qū)生產(chǎn)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目中水土保持措施布設(shè)和規(guī)劃重要依據(jù)。怎樣快速、準(zhǔn)確的預(yù)測(cè)生產(chǎn)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目造成水土流失是水土保持方案編制過程中迫切需要解決的問題,也是水土流失防治措施設(shè)計(jì)需解決的核心問題。堆土場(chǎng)土壤侵蝕是生產(chǎn)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目水土流失的重要組成,在同樣堆土數(shù)量和同一占地面積條件下,論文基于WEPP模型,模擬黃土區(qū)生產(chǎn)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目實(shí)施過程中不同堆土形式下的水土流失,探索不同堆土形式堆土場(chǎng)的土壤侵蝕規(guī)律,尋求最佳堆土形式。主要研究結(jié)果如下:(1)直線型坡面堆土條件下,堆土坡面角度越大,堆土場(chǎng)土壤侵蝕量越小,當(dāng)坡面角度大于26°后,堆土場(chǎng)土壤侵蝕減小幅度幾乎為零。在達(dá)到堆土場(chǎng)安全要求且減少壓占土地條件下,建設(shè)項(xiàng)目區(qū)土壤休止角即為即為直線型堆土形式下土壤侵蝕最輕的角度。當(dāng)坡面角度α=42°,堆土高度h=8.64m時(shí),堆土場(chǎng)單寬土壤流失量最小,為110.9 kg/m。(2)當(dāng)采用折線型坡面堆土?xí)r,堆土場(chǎng)土壤侵蝕受到兩個(gè)坡面角度α1、α2的共同影響,當(dāng)下半部坡面角度α1不變,隨著上半部坡面角度α2的增加,堆土場(chǎng)土壤侵蝕先減小后增加;當(dāng)α2不變,隨著α1的增加,堆土場(chǎng)土壤侵蝕逐漸減少。(3)采用臺(tái)階式堆土形式,堆土場(chǎng)土壤侵蝕與堆土場(chǎng)的兩個(gè)坡面角度有關(guān),堆土場(chǎng)下半部堆土坡度α1保持不變的條件下,隨著α2的增大,堆土場(chǎng)土壤侵蝕量呈現(xiàn)先減小后增加的趨勢(shì);堆土場(chǎng)上半部堆土坡度α2不變時(shí),隨著α1的增大,土壤侵蝕強(qiáng)度隨之增加。馬道寬度d的取值和堆土場(chǎng)土壤侵蝕成正相關(guān),可據(jù)實(shí)際需要確定。(4)綜合分析折線型和臺(tái)階型兩種堆土方式,通過分析可以得出,堆土場(chǎng)土壤侵蝕最小的堆土坡度組合為α1=40°,α2=26°。(5)基于WEPP模型,分別模擬直線型堆土場(chǎng)坡面布設(shè)種草和密目網(wǎng)苫蓋兩種水土保持措施后堆土場(chǎng)的土壤侵蝕,模擬結(jié)果顯示,種草和密目網(wǎng)苫蓋能較好的防治堆土場(chǎng)的水土流失。
[Abstract]:The soil erosion is one of the most important factors that restrict the economic development of the loess area in China because of its complex topography and serious soil erosion. The prediction of soil and water loss is an important content of sustainable development of ecological environment in loess area, and it is also an important basis for the arrangement and planning of soil and water conservation measures in production and construction projects in this area. How to predict soil and water loss caused by production and construction projects quickly and accurately is an urgent problem to be solved in the process of formulating soil and water conservation scheme, and it is also the core problem to be solved in the design of soil and water loss prevention and control measures. Soil erosion is an important component of soil erosion in production and construction projects. Under the condition of the same amount of piling soil and the same area of land, the paper is based on WEPP model. In order to explore the law of soil erosion in different soil stacks and seek the best soil form, the soil erosion was simulated during the implementation of the production and construction project in loess area. The main results are as follows: (1) the larger the slope angle is, the smaller the soil erosion is. When the slope angle is more than 26 擄, the soil erosion decreases almost zero. The angle of soil repose in the construction project area is the lightest angle of soil erosion in the form of linear pile under the condition of meeting the safety requirement of the site and reducing the pressure of the land. When the slope angle is 42 擄and the height of pile is 8.64m, the soil loss of single width is minimum (110.9 kg 路m 路m ~ (-2). When the slope is broken, the soil erosion is affected by the two slope angles 偽 _ 1 and 偽 _ 2, and the slope angle 偽 _ 1 is not changed in the lower half of the slope, and the soil erosion is affected by two slope angles (偽 _ 1 and 偽 _ 2). With the increase of slope angle 偽 2 in the upper half of the slope, the soil erosion decreases first and then increases, and when 偽 2 does not change, with the increase of 偽 1, the soil erosion decreases gradually with the increase of 偽 1. The soil erosion is related to the two slope angles of the pile field. With the increase of 偽 2, the soil erosion volume decreases first and then increases under the condition that the slope 偽 1 of the lower half of the pile field remains unchanged. The soil erosion intensity increases with the increase of 偽 1 when the slope 偽 2 of the half part of the pile field is constant. The value of the width d is positively related to the soil erosion of the pile yard, and can be determined according to the actual needs. (4) the two types of soil heap, broken line type and step type, can be comprehensively analyzed, and the results can be obtained by the analysis. Based on WEPP model, the soil erosion in the slope field of linear pile site was simulated after two kinds of soil conservation measures, recommended by soil conservation measures and covered by dense mesh, respectively. The simulation results showed that the soil erosion of the slope site was improved. It is recommended that the mulch cover can prevent soil and water loss from heaps.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S157

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 ;2008年全國(guó)生產(chǎn)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目水土保持示范工程名單公布[J];四川水力發(fā)電;2008年04期

2 王治國(guó);李世鋒;陳宗偉;;生產(chǎn)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目水土保持設(shè)計(jì)理念與原則[J];中國(guó)水土保持科學(xué);2011年06期

3 陳康;劉波;;生產(chǎn)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目水土保持監(jiān)理存在問題及建議[J];中國(guó)水土保持;2013年08期

4 姜德文;郭索彥;趙永軍;黨維勤;陳吉虎;王云璋;;生產(chǎn)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目水土保持準(zhǔn)入條件研究?jī)?nèi)容與方法[J];中國(guó)水土保持科學(xué);2010年03期

5 廖義偉;;嚴(yán)格監(jiān)督 強(qiáng)化落實(shí) 推動(dòng)生產(chǎn)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目水土保持工作向縱深發(fā)展[J];中國(guó)水土保持;2010年11期

6 ;水利部公益專項(xiàng)“生產(chǎn)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目水土流失測(cè)算共性技術(shù)研究”正式啟動(dòng)[J];長(zhǎng)江科學(xué)院院報(bào);2010年11期

7 張永江;;生產(chǎn)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目水土保持監(jiān)理方法初探[J];中國(guó)水土保持;2010年12期

8 姚雅楠;;慶陽市召開生產(chǎn)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目水土流失治理現(xiàn)場(chǎng)會(huì)[J];中國(guó)水土保持;2011年09期

9 殷寶庫(kù);黨玉丁;馬安利;李昊;;線形生產(chǎn)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目水土保持典型問題及對(duì)策[J];中國(guó)水利;2012年04期

10 錢愛國(guó);李海林;高榮;;生產(chǎn)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目水土保持方案編制若干問題的思考[J];中國(guó)水土保持;2012年07期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前7條

1 王治國(guó);李世鋒;陳宗偉;;生產(chǎn)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目水土保持設(shè)計(jì)理念與原則[A];中國(guó)水土保持學(xué)會(huì)水土保持規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)專業(yè)委員會(huì)2011年年會(huì)論文集[C];2011年

2 熊峰;朱永剛;張君;李春;史小棟;;論生產(chǎn)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目水土保持先期介入的重要性[A];中國(guó)水土保持學(xué)會(huì)水土保持規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)專業(yè)委員會(huì)2011年年會(huì)論文集[C];2011年

3 寧堆虎;;生產(chǎn)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目水土流失測(cè)算共性技術(shù)研究[A];中國(guó)水土保持學(xué)會(huì)科技協(xié)作工作委員會(huì)2011年年會(huì)交流材料[C];2011年

4 黨晨席;宋維念;胡明亮;黃春霞;;深圳市生產(chǎn)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目水土保持度汛方案制度探討[A];中國(guó)首屆城市水土保持學(xué)術(shù)研討會(huì)論文集[C];2013年

5 甘s，

本文編號(hào)：1951252