發(fā)布時間：2018-05-29 00:16

  本文選題：除草定 + 土壤降解��； 參考：《生態(tài)毒理學報》2017年03期

【摘要】：除草定是一種新型嘧啶類除草劑,其在環(huán)境中的歸趨備受關(guān)注。采用室內(nèi)模擬試驗方法,研究了除草定在不同土壤中的降解性、吸附性和移動特性。結(jié)果表明,除草定在江西紅壤、太湖水稻土和東北黑土中的降解半衰期分別為693.1、173.3、138.6 d,該藥在土壤中降解較慢,影響其在土壤中降解速率的主要因素為土壤有機質(zhì)。除草定在江西紅壤、太湖水稻土與東北黑土中的吸附較好地符合Freundlich方程,Kd值分別為0.34、1.86和2.94;3種土壤對除草定的吸附過程為自發(fā)的物理吸附。薄層層析試驗顯示,當溶劑展開至11.5 cm處,除草定在江西紅壤、太湖水稻土和東北黑土中最遠移至8~10 cm處。影響除草定在土壤中吸附性和移動性的主要因素為土壤有機質(zhì)含量。除草定存在對地下水污染的潛在風險性,使用除草定應該引起足夠重視。
[Abstract]:Herbicide is a new type of pyrimidine herbicides, its fate in the environment has attracted much attention. The biodegradability, adsorption and mobility of herbicide in different soils were studied by laboratory simulation test. The results showed that the degradation half-life of herbicide in red soil of Jiangxi, paddy soil of Taihu Lake and black soil of Northeast China was 693.113.33.3138.6 days, respectively. The degradation rate of the drug was slow in the soil, and the main factor affecting the degradation rate in the soil was soil organic matter. The adsorption of herbicide in red soil, paddy soil of Taihu Lake and black soil in Northeast China was in good agreement with the Freundlich equation (K _ d = 0.34, 1.86 and 2.94), respectively. The adsorption process of herbicide was spontaneous physical adsorption. The results of TLC showed that when the solvent reached 11.5 cm, the herbicide was located in red soil of Jiangxi Province, and the furthest distance was 810 cm in the paddy soil of Taihu Lake and the black soil in Northeast China. The content of soil organic matter was the main factor affecting the sorption and mobility of herbicide in soil. Herbicide has potential risk to groundwater pollution, so the use of herbicide should be paid more attention.
【作者單位】： 環(huán)境保護部南京環(huán)境科學研究所國家環(huán)境保護農(nóng)藥環(huán)境評價與污染控制重點實驗室;
【基金】：中央級公益性科研院所基本科研業(yè)務專項(農(nóng)藥生態(tài)影響再評估技術(shù)研究2014-002)
【分類號】：X592

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