本文選題：荊條 + 施氮�。� 參考：《河南農業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：大氣氮沉降對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的影響是現(xiàn)代生態(tài)學關注的焦點問題。針對干旱半干旱地區(qū)的太行山低山丘陵地區(qū),采用施氮肥模擬氮沉降來了解其對荊條灌叢土壤養(yǎng)分含量變化特征及其空間變異性的影響,以期為太行山地區(qū)植被恢復提供理論依據(jù)。在太行山低山丘陵區(qū)選取5個荊條樣本進行不同的施氮處理、采樣分析并通過運用傳統(tǒng)統(tǒng)計分析方法及地統(tǒng)計學方法,對樣本土壤的pH值、有機質、全氮和速效磷含量分析,主要研究結果如下:(1)施氮前不同施氮處理荊條樣本的土壤pH值均值為7.2723。土壤有機質、全氮和速效磷的均值分別為13.0184g/kg、0.8390g/kg和8.0657mg/kg,施氮后30天,土壤有機質、全氮和速效磷的均值分別為12.0511g/kg、0.8593g/kg和20.4264mg/kg,施氮后60天,土壤有機質、全氮和速效磷的均值分別為13.8526g/kg、0.9721g/kg和10.0939mg/kg,在養(yǎng)分分級上均為低等水平。在變異程度上來說,pH值為弱變異,有機質和全氮為中等程度變異,速效磷為強變異。(2)整體上來說,土壤養(yǎng)分的相關性為:pH與有機質、全氮存在極顯著負相關關系,全氮與有機質存在極顯著正相關,除施氮后60天土壤速效磷與pH值存在負相關,速效磷與pH、有機質及全氮不存在相關性。(3)施氮前后各施氮處理土壤有機質、全氮和速效磷含量的C0值均較小;大部分C0/(C+C0)25%;有機質變程的變化范圍為40.4~361.65 m,全氮的變程范圍為40.4~491.56m,速效磷的變化范圍為51.3~824.4m;模擬函數(shù)的殘差值都較小,說明半方差函數(shù)的擬合效果都較好。(4)荊條灌叢養(yǎng)分空間變化為:在表層(0-5cm),施氮前后不同處理的荊條灌叢土壤有機質、全氮大部分表現(xiàn)為隨距離的增加而先升高后降低,拐點出現(xiàn)在60-90cm處;速效磷的變化趨勢大體上隨距離增加而降低;在中層(5-10cm)與下層(10-20cm)處,荊條灌叢土壤有機質和全氮含量隨水平距離的變化不大;土壤速效磷含量沒有明顯的規(guī)律性。(5)施氮前后不同施氮處理的荊條灌叢樣本的土壤有機質、全氮、速效磷含量都表現(xiàn)出冠幅內高于冠幅外;施氮后部分高施氮處理灌叢的富集率有著顯著的上升,表明施氮能夠促進荊條土壤中營養(yǎng)的富集。施氮后,土壤中養(yǎng)分含量不同程度的高于施氮前水平,表明施氮有助于提高土壤養(yǎng)分含量。(6)在垂直方向上,施氮前后不同施氮處理灌叢大部分土壤養(yǎng)分含量都隨距離的加深而降低,即0-5cm5-10cm10-20cm。
[Abstract]:The effect of atmospheric nitrogen deposition on ecosystem is the focus of modern ecology. In this paper, nitrogen fertilizer was applied to simulate nitrogen deposition in Taihang Mountain low mountain hilly area in arid and semi-arid area to understand the effect of nitrogen fertilizer application on soil nutrient content and spatial variability. In order to provide theoretical basis for vegetation restoration in Taihang Mountain area. Five samples of wattle were selected in the hilly area of Taihang Mountain for different nitrogen application. The soil pH, organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorus were analyzed by traditional statistical analysis and geostatistical method. The main results were as follows: (1) the average soil pH value of the samples treated with different nitrogen application was 7.2723. The mean values of soil organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorus were 13.01844 g / kg 0.839 g / kg and 8.0657 mg / kg, respectively. The mean values of soil organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorus were 12.0511 g / kg and 20.4264 mg / kg, respectively, and 60 days after application of nitrogen, soil organic matter. The mean values of total nitrogen and available phosphorus were 13.8526 g / kg 0.9721 g / kg and 10.0939 mg / kg, respectively. On the whole, the correlation of soil nutrients was: the correlation of pH value and organic matter was weak, that of organic matter and total nitrogen was moderate, and that of available phosphorus was strong. (2) on the whole, the correlation between soil nutrient and organic matter was that there was a very significant negative correlation between soil nutrient and organic matter, and there was a very significant negative correlation between total nitrogen and total nitrogen. There was a significant positive correlation between total nitrogen and organic matter. There was a negative correlation between available phosphorus and pH value at 60 days after application of nitrogen, and there was no correlation between available phosphorus and pH, and there was no correlation between organic matter and total nitrogen. The C _ 0 values of total nitrogen and available phosphorus contents are small; most C _ 0 / C _ 0 C _ (0) and C _ (0) C _ (25); the range of variation range of organic matter is 40.4 ~ 361.65 m; the range of total nitrogen variation is 40.4 ~ 491.56 m, and the range of available phosphorus is 51.3 ~ 824.4 m; the residual value of simulation function is small. The results showed that the fitting effect of semi-variance function was better. 4) the spatial change of nutrient in the thicket was: 0 ~ 5 cm ~ (-1) in the surface layer, soil organic matter of different treatments before and after application of nitrogen, most of the total nitrogen was increased first and then decreased with the increase of distance. The change trend of available phosphorus decreased with the increase of distance, while in the middle layer (5-10 cm) and the lower layer (10-20 cm), the soil organic matter and total nitrogen content of the wattle shrub changed little with the horizontal distance. There was no obvious regularity of available phosphorus content in soil. 5) soil organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorus contents in different nitrogen treatments were higher than those outside crown before and after N application. The enrichment rate of some high nitrogen treatments increased significantly after nitrogen application, which indicated that nitrogen application could promote the enrichment of nutrients in the soil. After nitrogen application, the nutrient content in soil was higher than that before nitrogen application, which indicated that nitrogen application could increase soil nutrient content in the vertical direction. The nutrient content of most of the soil decreased with the increase of distance before and after the application of nitrogen, i.e. 0-5cm5-10cm10-20cm.
【學位授予單位】：河南農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S158

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