發(fā)布時間：2018-05-24 02:43

  本文選題：土壤動物 + 生物多樣性　； 參考：《生態(tài)學雜志》2017年01期

【摘要】：雜草管理是農(nóng)田生產(chǎn)活動的重要內(nèi)容,影響農(nóng)田生物多樣性的維持。土壤動物為農(nóng)田生物多樣性重要組成部分,其對不同類型葉片還田的響應值得關注。本研究在中國科學院東北地理與農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)研究所內(nèi)的實驗田中開展,利用放置凋落物袋的方式,研究2種雜草(旱稗、莧菜)葉片和2種玉米葉片(新鮮葉片及老熟葉片)的分解對土壤跳蟲群落的影響,旨在為農(nóng)田雜草管理提供科學依據(jù)。共獲得6269只跳蟲,隸屬于5科9屬11種,優(yōu)勢種為Thalassaphorura encarpata、Heteroisotoma sp.1和Folsomia sp.1。葉片添加增加了跳蟲優(yōu)勢種的絕對數(shù)量,改變了跳蟲群落結構,其中玉米新鮮葉片對跳蟲群落結構影響最為顯著(P0.01),但對類群豐富度無影響,對多樣性指數(shù)影響較小。與玉米老熟葉片相比,新鮮葉片對跳蟲有更高的吸引作用,并持續(xù)時間更長。莧菜葉片分解速率最快,其次是玉米新鮮葉片,旱稗葉片和玉米老熟葉片分解較慢。表明葉片的基質(zhì)質(zhì)量對分解速率有重要影響。葉片添加增加了跳蟲數(shù)量,但不同的葉片種類和分解時期對跳蟲影響不同。葉片分解速率與跳蟲數(shù)量沒有顯著的相關性,這可能與跳蟲食性有關。
[Abstract]:Weed management is an important part of farmland production, which affects the maintenance of farmland biodiversity. Soil fauna is an important part of farmland biodiversity, and its response to different types of leaves is worthy of attention. This study was carried out in an experimental field in the Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Two kinds of weeds (paspalum) were studied by using litter bags. The effects of the decomposition of amaranth leaves and two maize leaves (fresh leaves and mature leaves) on the soil treponade community were studied in order to provide scientific basis for the management of weeds in farmland. A total of 6269 individuals belonging to 9 genera and 11 species belonging to 5 families were obtained. The dominant species were Thalassaphorura encarpata Heteroisotoma sp.1 and Folsomia sp. 1. Leaf addition increased the absolute number of dominant species and changed the structure of the community. The fresh leaves of maize had the most significant effect on the community structure, but had no effect on the richness of the species, but had little effect on the diversity index. Compared with the mature leaves of maize, fresh leaves have higher attraction and longer duration. The decomposition rate of amaranth leaves was the fastest, followed by fresh corn leaves, dry paspalum leaves and maize mature leaves decomposing slowly. The results showed that the substrate quality of leaves had an important effect on the decomposition rate. The addition of leaves increased the number of jumper, but different leaf species and decomposing period had different effects on it. There was no significant correlation between leaf decomposition rate and the number of jumper, which may be related to the diet.
【作者單位】： 吉林大學地球科學學院;中國科學院東北地理與農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)研究所;商丘師范學院環(huán)境與規(guī)劃學院;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金項目(41430857和41501263)資助
【分類號】：S154

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本文編號：1927374