本文選題：正弦指數(shù)曲線 + 組合型開(kāi)溝刀片��； 參考：《中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化科學(xué)研究院》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：機(jī)械化開(kāi)溝施肥能夠提高作業(yè)效率、降低人工勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度,是果園施肥作業(yè)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。開(kāi)溝刀片是開(kāi)溝施肥機(jī)最重要的工作部件,目前存在功率消耗大、開(kāi)溝深度不穩(wěn)定等問(wèn)題,無(wú)法滿(mǎn)足果園開(kāi)溝施肥的農(nóng)藝要求。本文在分析現(xiàn)有研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,通過(guò)理論分析、模擬仿真和試驗(yàn)研究,設(shè)計(jì)出一種組合曲線型開(kāi)溝刀片,探討了刀片結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)、作業(yè)參數(shù)與功率消耗和開(kāi)溝質(zhì)量的相互作用關(guān)系,揭示了其節(jié)能降耗微觀機(jī)理,解決了果園開(kāi)溝施肥機(jī)動(dòng)力消耗大,開(kāi)溝深度不穩(wěn)定的問(wèn)題。主要得到以下結(jié)論:(1)設(shè)計(jì)了一種"正弦指數(shù)曲線—圓弧"組合型開(kāi)溝刀片。對(duì)組合曲線型開(kāi)溝刀片進(jìn)行了運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)和動(dòng)力學(xué)分析,確定了刀盤(pán)轉(zhuǎn)速、切土節(jié)距、刀片數(shù)量等主要技術(shù)參數(shù);對(duì)開(kāi)溝過(guò)程土壤切削機(jī)理進(jìn)行研究,得出刀盤(pán)反轉(zhuǎn)是深度開(kāi)溝最適宜的開(kāi)溝方式;通過(guò)對(duì)側(cè)切面、正切面切土力學(xué)模型分析,建立了開(kāi)溝刀片側(cè)切刃參數(shù)、正切刃參數(shù)、運(yùn)動(dòng)參數(shù)與功率消耗的數(shù)學(xué)模型;以60Si2Mn作為刀片材料,遵循相應(yīng)技術(shù)要求,以彎曲半徑、彎折角、滑切角為變量,設(shè)計(jì)并加工了 15種結(jié)構(gòu)不同的"正弦指數(shù)曲線—圓弧"組合型開(kāi)溝刀片。(2)通過(guò)室內(nèi)土槽試驗(yàn),研究了 "正弦指數(shù)曲線—圓弧"組合型開(kāi)溝刀片結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)和工作參數(shù)對(duì)功率消耗和溝深穩(wěn)定性的影響,在滿(mǎn)足作業(yè)質(zhì)量的前提下,結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對(duì)功率消耗的影響貢獻(xiàn)由大到小為彎折角、滑切角和彎曲半徑;對(duì)溝深穩(wěn)定性的影響貢獻(xiàn)由大到小為滑切角、折彎角和彎曲半徑。采用非線性?xún)?yōu)化計(jì)算方法,確定了當(dāng)彎折角為86.75°,彎曲半徑為12 mm,滑切角為13.8°,前進(jìn)速度為1.0 km/h、刀盤(pán)轉(zhuǎn)速為200 r/min時(shí),功率消耗和溝深穩(wěn)定性取得最優(yōu)值,并且認(rèn)為刀盤(pán)轉(zhuǎn)速200 r/min是正弦指數(shù)曲線型開(kāi)溝刀片開(kāi)溝作業(yè)的最佳轉(zhuǎn)速。(3)利用光滑粒子流體動(dòng)力學(xué)方法,采用修正的Drucker-Prager準(zhǔn)則,建立了"土壤—開(kāi)溝刀片"的三維動(dòng)態(tài)仿真模型,對(duì)"正弦指數(shù)曲線—圓弧"組合型開(kāi)溝刀片切削土壤的微觀過(guò)程進(jìn)行分析。研究表明,在開(kāi)溝作業(yè)過(guò)程中,應(yīng)力和應(yīng)變隨著開(kāi)溝刀片與土壤接觸面積和時(shí)間的增加而增大,在變化達(dá)到一定程度時(shí),逐漸趨于穩(wěn)定。選取了兩種有代表性的工況進(jìn)行仿真分析,得出了開(kāi)溝過(guò)程功率消耗動(dòng)態(tài)曲線圖,揭示了土壤切削功率消耗微觀機(jī)理。在開(kāi)溝深度分別為400 mm和500 mm條件下,仿真模擬和土槽試驗(yàn)功率消耗誤差在5%以?xún)?nèi),且在轉(zhuǎn)速200 r/min時(shí)功率有最小值,驗(yàn)證了仿真模型的正確性。(4)以開(kāi)溝深度、刀盤(pán)轉(zhuǎn)速和前進(jìn)速度為試驗(yàn)因素,功率消耗和溝深穩(wěn)定性為試驗(yàn)指標(biāo),對(duì)"正弦指數(shù)曲線—圓弧"組合型開(kāi)溝刀片進(jìn)行了田間試驗(yàn)。結(jié)果表明:開(kāi)溝深度是影響功率消耗的最顯著因素;前進(jìn)速度是影響溝深穩(wěn)定性的最主要因素。在兩種開(kāi)溝深度下,"正弦指數(shù)曲線—圓弧"組合型開(kāi)溝刀片均表現(xiàn)出了比普通開(kāi)溝刀片優(yōu)良的性能。研究工作為開(kāi)溝刀片節(jié)能降耗以及開(kāi)溝機(jī)整機(jī)的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)提供了理論基礎(chǔ),對(duì)于促進(jìn)我國(guó)果園管理機(jī)械的迅速發(fā)展具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:Mechanized ditching fertilization can improve the efficiency of operation and reduce the labor intensity. It is the development trend of the orchard fertilization operation. The opening blade is the most important working part of the furrow fertilizing machine. At present, there are many problems, such as high power consumption, unstable furrow depth and so on, which can not meet the agronomic requirements of the orchard opening and fertilization. On the basis of the theoretical analysis, simulation and experimental research, a combined curve type opening blade is designed. The interaction relationship between the parameters of the blade structure, the operating parameters and the power consumption and the quality of the ditch is discussed, and the micro mechanism of energy saving and consumption reduction is revealed, which has solved the large consumption of the maneuver force and the unstability of the furrow depth in the orchard. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) a "sinusoidal exponent curve circular arc" combined groove blade was designed. The kinematic and dynamic analysis of the combined curved groove blade was carried out. The main technical parameters, such as the rotating speed of the cutter disk, the pitch of the cutting soil, the number of blade and so on, were determined. The cutting mechanism of the soil in the process of opening the ditch was studied and the knife was obtained. Disc reversal is the most suitable opening method for deep furrow opening. Through the analysis of the mechanical model of the side cutting surface and the tangent surface, the mathematical model of the side cutting edge parameters, the tangent blade parameters, the motion parameters and the power consumption is established. The 60Si2Mn is used as the blade material and the corresponding technical requirements are followed, with the bending radius, bending angle and slip angle as variables. 15 kinds of "sinusoidal exponent curve - circular arc" combined opener have been designed and processed. (2) the influence of the structural parameters and working parameters of the "sinusoidal exponent curve - circular arc" combined type opening blade on the power consumption and the depth of the ditch is studied through the laboratory test. The structure parameters are satisfied on the premise of satisfying the quality of the operation. The contribution of power consumption is from large to small to bending angle, sliding angle and bending radius, and the contribution from large to small to small to slip angle, bending angle and bending radius. The nonlinear optimization method is used to determine when the bending angle is 86.75 degrees, the bending radius is 12 mm, the slip angle is 13.8, the forward speed is 1 km/h, the cutter disk turns. When the speed is 200 r/min, the optimal value of power consumption and ditch depth stability is obtained, and the speed of 200 r/min is considered to be the best speed for the groove opening operation of the sinusoidal exponential curve. (3) using the smooth particle hydrodynamics method and using the modified Drucker-Prager criterion, a three-dimensional dynamic simulation model of the "soil - ditching blade" is established. The microcosmic process of cutting soil with the "sinusoidal exponential curve circular arc" combined type opening blade is analyzed. The study shows that stress and strain increase with the increase of the contact area and time of the cutting blade and the soil during the opening process, and gradually tend to be stable when the change reaches a certain range. Two representative types are selected. The dynamic curve diagram of the power consumption in the opening process is obtained. The micro mechanism of the consumption of soil cutting power is revealed. Under the conditions of 400 mm and 500 mm respectively, the power consumption error of simulation and soil tank test is less than 5%, and the power has the minimum value at the speed of 200 r/min, which verifies the correctness of the simulation model. (4) a field experiment was conducted on the test factor of the opening depth, the rotating speed and the forward speed of the cutter head, the power consumption and the depth of the ditch, and the field experiments were carried out on the "sinusoidal curve circular arc" combined open groove blade. The results showed that the depth of the ditch was the most significant factor affecting the power consumption; the forward velocity was the most important factor affecting the depth of the ditch. Under two kinds of furrow depth, the combination of "sinusoidal exponent curve and arc" combined type opening blade shows better performance than ordinary trenching blade. The research work provides a theoretical basis for saving energy and reducing consumption of opening blade and optimizing the whole machine for the opening machine. It is important to promote the rapid development of the orchard management machinery in China. Significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化科學(xué)研究院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S224.2

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 ;水稻開(kāi)溝施肥產(chǎn)量高[J];新農(nóng)業(yè);1978年S1期

2 申屠留芳;楊剛;孫星釗;;葡萄園專(zhuān)用開(kāi)溝施肥機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)[J];新疆農(nóng)機(jī)化;2012年06期

3 ;水稻開(kāi)溝施肥[J];新農(nóng)業(yè);1975年02期

4 劉軍;董永尚;;1KF-500果園開(kāi)溝施肥機(jī)的研制[J];新疆農(nóng)機(jī)化;2010年04期

5 蘇子昊;藍(lán)峰;黎子明;謝舒;;1KFY-20型油茶偏置式開(kāi)溝施肥機(jī)的研制與試驗(yàn)[J];南方農(nóng)機(jī);2012年04期

6 申屠留芳;楊剛;孫星釗;;葡萄園專(zhuān)用開(kāi)溝施肥機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)[J];農(nóng)機(jī)化研究;2012年11期

7 阿力甫,買(mǎi)買(mǎi)提江;1KM-1型開(kāi)溝施肥鋪膜機(jī)[J];新疆農(nóng)機(jī)化;2001年01期

8 ;葡萄園的一機(jī)多用情況簡(jiǎn)介[J];葡萄科技;1978年02期

9 浦同文;怎樣栽好密植冬桑[J];云南農(nóng)業(yè);1994年07期

10 ;[J];;年期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 康建明;果園開(kāi)溝施肥機(jī)開(kāi)溝刀片理論與試驗(yàn)研究[D];中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化科學(xué)研究院;2017年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 吉俊寶;山地柑橘園開(kāi)溝施肥機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)與研究[D];華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2013年

，

本文編號(hào)：1917789