本文選題：系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué) + 無(wú)線傳感技術(shù)　； 參考：《浙江農(nóng)林大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文以4種有機(jī)蔬菜為研究對(duì)象,以系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)(SD)理論為基礎(chǔ),以vensimPLE軟件為技術(shù)平臺(tái),建立有機(jī)蔬菜生長(zhǎng)及碳收支估算模型。選取生菜(葉菜類)、黃瓜(瓜類)、番茄(茄果類)及長(zhǎng)豇豆(豆類)4種蔬菜作為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)蔬菜田地表溫濕度、土壤溫濕度、光強(qiáng)及CO2濃度等環(huán)境因子進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè),獲得各類環(huán)境因子的日變化特征,并結(jié)合相關(guān)研究,對(duì)試驗(yàn)蔬菜田的固碳能力進(jìn)行估算,并利用田間觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)及田間檔案記錄的數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)模型進(jìn)行一定的驗(yàn)證。主要的研究結(jié)果如下:(1)從蔬菜種植期間的固碳總量上來(lái)看,番茄(3436.11 kgCO2·hm-2)最多,長(zhǎng)豇豆(3122.83kgCO2·hm-2)次之,生菜(2897.1 kgCO2·hm-2)最少。但番茄固碳總量雖多,土壤呼吸碳排放量也多。在蔬菜種植期間從蔬菜農(nóng)田生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的碳收支量來(lái)看,黃瓜農(nóng)田生態(tài)系統(tǒng)最后的固碳量(1668.87 kgCO2·hm-2)最多,豇豆次之(1647.43 kgCO2·hm-2),其次為番茄(1534.06 kgCO2·hm-2),生菜固碳量最少(326.97 kgCO2·hm-2)。(2)生菜、黃瓜、番茄及長(zhǎng)豇豆的單位面積蔬菜日均固碳量分別為9.80 gCO2·m-2·d-1,23.39gCO2·m-2·d-1,18.56 gCO2·m-2·d-1,26.86 gCO2·m-2·d-1。從日均單位面積固碳量來(lái)看,豇豆的固碳能力最強(qiáng),生菜的固碳能力最差。豇豆、黃瓜和番茄的固碳能力均高于高山草地(11.52 gCO2·m-2·d-1),低于綠洲C4植物玉米(38.47 gCO2·m-2·d-1)。(3)單葉面積從大到小依次為生菜(0.0256 m2)、黃瓜(0.0169 m2)、長(zhǎng)豇豆(0.0113 m2)、番茄(0.0089 m2)。總體來(lái)看,總?cè)~面積與固碳量呈現(xiàn)一定的相關(guān)關(guān)系,總?cè)~面積較大的蔬菜,其固碳量較總?cè)~面積小的蔬菜的固碳量大。(4)蔬菜的光合速率與固碳量呈正相關(guān)關(guān)系。光合速率最強(qiáng)的黃瓜,固碳量最大,長(zhǎng)豇豆次之;生菜光合速率最弱,固碳量最小。(5)觀測(cè)期間CO2濃度由于受白天蔬菜光合作用的影響,平均日變化總體呈現(xiàn)白天低夜間高的特點(diǎn)。對(duì)比PAR日變化曲線發(fā)現(xiàn),CO2濃度下降起始時(shí)間與PAR起始時(shí)間基本一致,在PAR達(dá)到最高值后回升,與蔬菜光合作用日變化規(guī)律一致。從CO2濃度總量來(lái)看,黃瓜田CO2濃度總量最大,固碳能力最強(qiáng)的豇豆次之,生菜田CO2濃度總量最小,固碳能力也最弱。
[Abstract]:In this paper, four kinds of organic vegetables are taken as the research object, based on the theory of system dynamics and vensimPLE software, the model of organic vegetable growth and carbon budget estimation is established. Four kinds of vegetables, including lettuce (leaves and vegetables), cucumber (melon, tomato) and asparagus bean (legume), were selected as the research objects. The environmental factors such as surface temperature and humidity, soil temperature and humidity, light intensity and CO2 concentration in vegetable field were monitored in real time. The diurnal variation characteristics of various environmental factors were obtained, and the carbon sequestration capacity of the experimental vegetable field was estimated, and the model was verified by field observation data and field archival data. The main results were as follows: (1) in terms of total carbon sequestration during vegetable planting, tomato (3436.11 kgCO2 hm-2), cowpea (3122.83 kg CO2 hm-2) and lettuce (2897.1 kgCO2 hm-2) were the least. However, although the total carbon sequestration of tomato is more, soil respiration carbon emissions are also more. During vegetable cultivation, the last carbon sequestration of cucumber farmland ecosystem was 1668.87 kgCO2 hm-2), followed by cowpea 1647.43 kgCO2 hm-2a, tomato 1534.06 kgCO2 hm-2a, lettuce carbon sequestration minimum 326.97 kgCO2 hm-2. The average daily carbon sequestration of tomato and asparagus bean per unit area was 9.80 gCO2 m ~ (-2) d ~ (-1) and 23.39 g CO _ 2 m ~ (-2) d ~ (-1) 18.56 gCO2 m ~ (-2) d ~ (-1) 26.86 gCO2 m ~ (-2) 路d ~ (-1) 路d ~ (-1), respectively. The carbon sequestration capacity of cowpea was the strongest, and that of lettuce was the worst. The carbon sequestration ability of cowpea, cucumber and tomato were all higher than that of alpine grassland (11.52 gCO2 m-2 d-1C, 38.47 gCO2 m-2 d-1C. 3) the single leaf area of cowpea, cucumber and tomato were 0.0256 m2, 0.0169 m2, 0.0113 m2 and 0.0089 m ~ (2), respectively. In general, the total leaf area and carbon sequestration showed a certain correlation. The carbon sequestration rate of vegetables with larger total leaf area was larger than that of vegetables with smaller total leaf area. (4) the photosynthetic rate of vegetables had a positive correlation with carbon sequestration. The cucumber with the highest photosynthetic rate had the highest carbon sequestration, followed by asparagus bean, and the photosynthetic rate of lettuce was the weakest, and the carbon sequestration was the lowest. The CO2 concentration was affected by the photosynthesis of vegetables during the observation period. The average diurnal variation showed the characteristics of low daytime and high night. Comparing with the diurnal variation curve of PAR, it was found that the onset time of CO _ 2 concentration decrease was basically the same as that of PAR, and then rose when PAR reached the highest value, which was consistent with the daily variation of photosynthesis in vegetables. According to the total CO2 concentration, the total CO2 concentration in cucumber field was the largest, followed by cowpea, which had the strongest carbon sequestration ability. The total CO2 concentration in lettuce field was the smallest and the carbon sequestration capacity was the weakest.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江農(nóng)林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S63;S126

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