本文選題：渤海糧倉(cāng) + 小麥生產(chǎn)精準(zhǔn)管理　； 參考：《山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：“渤海糧倉(cāng)”戰(zhàn)略構(gòu)想的提出,主要針對(duì)環(huán)渤海低平原地區(qū)土壤瘠薄鹽堿、淡水資源匱乏等問(wèn)題,綜合采取以“土、肥、水、種”為核心的改良增產(chǎn)技術(shù)和措施,改造利用鹽堿荒地,提升中低產(chǎn)田產(chǎn)能。信息化是促進(jìn)傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的推進(jìn)劑,信息化技術(shù)的綜合應(yīng)用對(duì)于提升農(nóng)業(yè)的宏觀決策水平、提高科學(xué)管理能力也具有十分重要的作用。小麥?zhǔn)恰安澈＜Z倉(cāng)”山東項(xiàng)目區(qū)的主要糧食作物,小麥各生育期生長(zhǎng)狀況與產(chǎn)量關(guān)系密切,且小麥生長(zhǎng)過(guò)程歷經(jīng)環(huán)境復(fù)雜多變,充分利用信息化技術(shù)對(duì)麥田環(huán)境及小麥生長(zhǎng)信息進(jìn)行監(jiān)測(cè)、管理及分析,對(duì)于提高小麥生產(chǎn)科學(xué)管理水平,增加糧食產(chǎn)量具有十分重要的意義。本文基于渤海糧倉(cāng)科技示范工程需求,充分利用物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)、數(shù)據(jù)分析技術(shù)及數(shù)據(jù)可視化技術(shù),研發(fā)了小麥生產(chǎn)信息管理系統(tǒng)。完成了麥田環(huán)境信息、田間管理信息及小麥長(zhǎng)勢(shì)信息的采集及存儲(chǔ),實(shí)現(xiàn)了小麥苗情定量分析、麥田實(shí)時(shí)預(yù)警、小麥氣象災(zāi)害預(yù)警等功能,為小麥科學(xué)種植和管理提供了信息服務(wù)和技術(shù)支持。具體研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:(1)小麥生產(chǎn)信息采集及傳輸研究分析小麥長(zhǎng)勢(shì)與田間管理措施、外界環(huán)境及土壤水鹽動(dòng)態(tài)變化等因子間的關(guān)系,確定渤海糧倉(cāng)示范區(qū)小麥生產(chǎn)關(guān)鍵影響因子種類、數(shù)量及相應(yīng)信息的采集方法。物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)的綜合運(yùn)用實(shí)現(xiàn)了麥田環(huán)境信息的實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)、可靠傳輸及信息智能處理;并通過(guò)信息管理系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)采集模塊完成了小麥品種及田間管理措施、小麥長(zhǎng)勢(shì)和示范區(qū)相關(guān)歷史信息的網(wǎng)絡(luò)化提交與管理。(2)小麥生產(chǎn)數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)處理及存儲(chǔ)模型研究在麥田環(huán)境信息感知過(guò)程中,難免會(huì)出現(xiàn)異常數(shù)據(jù)或數(shù)據(jù)缺失,基于麥田環(huán)境信息隨時(shí)間變化的連續(xù)性,選取牛頓插值法完成小麥生產(chǎn)信息采集過(guò)程中缺失數(shù)據(jù)的填補(bǔ)及異常數(shù)據(jù)的校準(zhǔn),保證數(shù)據(jù)的時(shí)序性及準(zhǔn)確性。同時(shí),對(duì)小麥生長(zhǎng)階段進(jìn)行劃分,構(gòu)建小麥生產(chǎn)數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)模型,完成小麥生產(chǎn)信息的存儲(chǔ)。(3)小麥生產(chǎn)信息分析及應(yīng)用研究苗情是反應(yīng)小麥長(zhǎng)勢(shì)、影響產(chǎn)量及進(jìn)行農(nóng)田管理的重要指標(biāo),研究小麥苗情指數(shù)計(jì)算方法,幫助用戶及時(shí)掌握小麥長(zhǎng)勢(shì);通過(guò)小麥生長(zhǎng)環(huán)境閾值設(shè)置,實(shí)現(xiàn)麥田環(huán)境實(shí)時(shí)預(yù)警,幫助農(nóng)戶及時(shí)進(jìn)行麥田管理,促進(jìn)小麥生長(zhǎng);結(jié)合實(shí)時(shí)采集及歷史數(shù)據(jù),研究麥田氣象災(zāi)害預(yù)警機(jī)制,實(shí)現(xiàn)氣象災(zāi)害自動(dòng)預(yù)警,并提供科學(xué)的田間管理服務(wù)。(4)小麥生產(chǎn)信息可視化技術(shù)研究傳統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)列表雖然能將大量的小麥生產(chǎn)信息展示給用戶,但并不利于用戶理解及分析數(shù)據(jù)。利用數(shù)據(jù)可視化技術(shù),將小麥生產(chǎn)信息以圖形圖像的方式展示給用戶,形象動(dòng)態(tài)呈現(xiàn)各指標(biāo)變化趨勢(shì),能夠清晰有效地傳達(dá)信息含義,幫助用戶分析各數(shù)據(jù)間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系。(5)小麥生產(chǎn)信息管理系統(tǒng)研發(fā)根據(jù)小麥不同生長(zhǎng)階段特點(diǎn),建立小麥生產(chǎn)信息管理模型,實(shí)現(xiàn)小麥從播種期、拔節(jié)期、開(kāi)花期至成熟期的生產(chǎn)信息管理。利用數(shù)據(jù)可視化呈現(xiàn)技術(shù),研發(fā)友好的人機(jī)交互界面和遠(yuǎn)程發(fā)布、查詢和互動(dòng)系統(tǒng),集成采集、分析和預(yù)警等功能模塊,研發(fā)滿足渤海糧倉(cāng)小麥生產(chǎn)精準(zhǔn)管理需求的信息管理服務(wù)系統(tǒng)。
[Abstract]:The strategic concept of "Bohai granary" is put forward, mainly aiming at the problems of poor saline alkali soil and lack of fresh water resources in the low plain area of Bohai, and adopting the improved technology and measures at the core of "soil, fertilizer, water and seed", and the transformation and utilization of saline alkali wasteland to improve the productivity of medium and low yield fields. The comprehensive application of information technology plays an important role in promoting the macro decision-making level of agriculture and improving the scientific management ability. Wheat is the main grain crop of the "Bohai granary" Shandong project area. The growth of wheat in each growth period is closely related to the yield, and the growth process of wheat has been used in a complex and changeable environment. Information technology monitoring wheat field environment and wheat growth information, management and analysis are of great significance for improving the scientific management level of wheat production and increasing grain output. Based on the demand of Bohai granary science and technology demonstration project, this paper makes full use of the technology of Internet of things, data analysis technology and data visualization technology. The information management system of wheat production has completed the environmental information of wheat field, the field management information and the collection and storage of wheat growth information, realized the quantitative analysis of wheat seedling situation, real-time early warning of wheat field, early warning of wheat meteorological disaster and so on, which provided information service and technical support for wheat scientific planting and management. The specific contents are as follows: (1) Information collection and transmission of wheat production and transmission of wheat growth and field management measures, external environment and soil water and salt dynamic changes and other factors, determine the key factors of wheat production in the Bohai granary demonstration area, the number of factors and the corresponding information collection methods. The comprehensive application of wk technology realized the environmental information of wheat field. Real-time monitoring, reliable transmission and information intelligent processing, and through the data acquisition module of the information management system, the wheat variety and field management measures, wheat growth and demonstration area related historical information are networked submission and management. (2) wheat production data pretreatment and storage model research in the process of environmental information perception of Wheat field, It is inevitable that abnormal data or data are missing. Based on the continuity of wheat field environmental information with time change, Newton interpolation is selected to complete the filling of the missing data and the calibration of abnormal data in the process of wheat production information collection, and to ensure the timing and accuracy of the data. At the same time, the wheat growth stage is divided and the wheat production is constructed. Data storage model, complete the storage of wheat production information. (3) analysis and application of wheat production information analysis and application of the seedling situation is an important index to respond to wheat growth, influence yield and field management, study the calculation method of wheat seedling index, help the users to grasp the wheat long potential in time, and realize wheat field ring through the threshold of wheat growth environment. Real-time early warning to help farmers to manage wheat fields in time, promote wheat growth, combine real-time collection and historical data, study early warning mechanism of meteorological disasters in wheat fields, realize automatic warning of meteorological disasters, and provide scientific field management services. (4) the traditional data list of wheat production information visualization technology can be a large amount of small data Wheat production information is displayed to the user, but it is not conducive to the users to understand and analyze the data. Using data visualization technology, the wheat production information is displayed in a graphical image to the user, the image dynamically presents the changing trend of each index, can clearly and effectively communicate the information meaning and help the users to analyze the internal relations between the data. (5) wheat According to the characteristics of different growth stages of wheat, the production information management system establishes a wheat production information management model, and realizes the production information management of wheat from sowing time, jointing stage, flowering period to mature period. Using data visualization technology, developing friendly human-computer interface and remote release, inquiry and interaction system, integrated collection. The functional modules such as analysis and early warning are developed to develop an information management service system that meets the needs of precise management of wheat production in Bohai granaries.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S512.1;S126

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