本文選題：高羊茅草坪綠地 + 產(chǎn)流產(chǎn)沙��； 參考：《水土保持學(xué)報(bào)》2017年03期

【摘要】：通過(guò)人工模擬降雨試驗(yàn),研究了60%覆蓋度城市高羊茅草坪綠地(種草當(dāng)年)在不同坡度(5°,10°)、不同雨強(qiáng)(30,60,90mm/h)條件下的產(chǎn)流、產(chǎn)沙過(guò)程以及徑流攜帶泥沙的作用機(jī)制,并用裸地作為對(duì)照,同時(shí)定量化分析城市高羊茅草坪綠地的水沙調(diào)控作用。結(jié)果表明:(1)高羊茅草坪綠地能夠有效延緩初始產(chǎn)流時(shí)間,但隨著雨強(qiáng)及坡度的增加其延緩效果降低,當(dāng)雨強(qiáng)90mm/h、坡度10°時(shí)草坪綠地幾乎沒(méi)有延緩初始產(chǎn)流時(shí)間的效果;(2)各試驗(yàn)條件下高羊茅草坪綠地與裸地產(chǎn)流率差異性顯著,但雨強(qiáng)90 mm/h、坡度10°時(shí)二者差異性不顯著;(3)各試驗(yàn)條件下高羊茅草坪綠地總徑流量是裸地的0.8倍左右,總產(chǎn)沙量是裸地的1/244.68~1/28.34倍;(4)60%蓋度城市高羊茅草坪綠地能夠有效削減徑流量和土壤侵蝕量,但削減程度有差異,雨強(qiáng)為30,60,90mm/h時(shí)草坪綠地的平均減流效益分別為33.23%,23.04%,13.78%,在各場(chǎng)次降雨條件下減沙效益均可達(dá)95%以上;(5)試驗(yàn)條件相同時(shí),高羊茅草坪綠地和裸地的徑流挾沙能力有差異,同一徑流量下草坪綠地的土壤侵蝕量遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)低于裸地;(6)分別建立城市高羊茅草坪綠地、裸地的徑流量與泥沙侵蝕量之間的水沙關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:Through artificial simulated rainfall experiment, the runoff, sediment yield process and the mechanism of runoff and sediment carrying in urban tall fescue lawn green space (recommended year) under different slope (5 擄~ 10 擄~ 10 擄) and different rain intensity (30 ~ 60 ~ (90) mm / h) were studied. The effects of water and sediment on urban tall fescue lawn green space were analyzed by using bare land as control and quantitative analysis at the same time. The results showed that the grass of tall fescue grass could effectively delay the initial runoff production time, but with the increase of rain intensity and slope, the delay effect decreased. When the rainfall intensity was 90mm / h and the slope was 10 擄, there was no effect of delaying the initial runoff time. But the rainfall intensity of 90 mm / h and the difference between the two were not significant at 10 擄) the total runoff of tall fescue lawn was about 0.8 times as much as that of bare land. The total sediment yield was 1 / 244.68 / 1 / 28.34 times that of bare land. The coverage of urban tall fescue turfgrass green space could effectively reduce runoff and soil erosion, but the degree of reduction was different. When the rainfall intensity was 30 ~ 60 ~ 90 mm / h, the average benefit of runoff reduction was 33.23 and 23.04 ~ 13.78, respectively. Under the same test conditions, the runoff sediment carrying capacity of tall fescue lawn was different from that of bare land. Under the same runoff, the amount of soil erosion in lawn green space was much lower than that in bare land (6) the relationship between runoff and sediment erosion was established.
【作者單位】： 北京林業(yè)大學(xué)水土保持學(xué)院;北京林業(yè)大學(xué)林業(yè)生態(tài)工程教育部工程研究中心;北京林果業(yè)生態(tài)環(huán)境功能提升協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心;水土保持國(guó)家林業(yè)局重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室(北京林業(yè)大學(xué));北京市水科學(xué)技術(shù)研究院;
【基金】：國(guó)家水體污染控制與治理重大專(zhuān)項(xiàng)“城市地表徑流減控與面源污染削減技術(shù)研究(2013ZX07304-001) 科技創(chuàng)新服務(wù)能力建設(shè)-協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心-林果業(yè)生態(tài)環(huán)境功能提升協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心(PXM2016_014207_000083)
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S157.43

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