本文選題：水葫蘆 + 氮磷吸附　； 參考：《廣西大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著養(yǎng)殖業(yè)的發(fā)展,大量富含氮磷及耗氧有機(jī)物污水的排放造成我國(guó)各大水體水質(zhì)惡化。但由于處理技術(shù)和成本昂貴等原因,養(yǎng)殖場(chǎng)污水處理難度較大,造成了較嚴(yán)重的水體富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化和水葫蘆的瘋長(zhǎng)。水葫蘆在生長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中可吸收大量的氮磷從而提升水質(zhì),但因其經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值低沒(méi)有被進(jìn)一步利用,使其因密度制約而水質(zhì)凈化功能受到抑制,其枯死后又會(huì)造成水體的二次污染。為探討水葫蘆在養(yǎng)殖污水治理和資源化利用的有效途徑,本文采用靜態(tài)吸附的方法,研究了吸附質(zhì)濃度、離子共存對(duì)水葫蘆鮮體(ECF)和干體(ECD)、稻草干體(OSD)和杉木屑干體(CLD)的氮磷吸附的影響過(guò)程與特征,同時(shí)以水葫蘆作為吸附基質(zhì),研究其對(duì)豬場(chǎng)沼液污染物的凈化效果,再將吸附了沼液污染物的水葫蘆基質(zhì)作為堆肥原料,采用好氧-厭氧交替堆肥法制作有機(jī)肥,研究水葫蘆基質(zhì)及其所吸附的污染物資源化效果。主要研究結(jié)果如下:(1)單一吸附質(zhì)溶液中,植物基質(zhì)對(duì)磷的吸附隨磷濃度升高而逐漸下降,而當(dāng)硝態(tài)氮或銨態(tài)氮濃度最低或較高時(shí),對(duì)氮的去除率則較高�；|(zhì)對(duì)氮磷去除率均隨吸附時(shí)間延長(zhǎng)而逐漸下降。(2)4種基質(zhì)對(duì)單一吸附質(zhì)氮磷的準(zhǔn)二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)系數(shù)R2均高于一級(jí)方程。且水葫蘆對(duì)氮磷吸附反應(yīng)速率常數(shù)k2值最小,飽和吸附量最大。其對(duì)磷、硝態(tài)氮、銨態(tài)氮的飽和吸附量分別為4.75-14.22 mg g~(-1)、3.93-71.61 mg.g~(-1)、12.82-47.88 mg.g~(-1),適合用于高氮磷污水的凈化。(3)吸附質(zhì)共存顯著降低了 4種植物基質(zhì)對(duì)氮磷的吸附(CLD對(duì)銨態(tài)氮的吸附除外),而促進(jìn)了 CLD對(duì)銨態(tài)氮的吸附。吸附質(zhì)共存提高了水葫蘆和稻草秸稈對(duì)氮的反應(yīng)速率,且降低飽和吸附量,但對(duì)磷的吸附影響較為特別。在低濃度時(shí)吸附質(zhì)共存促進(jìn)了水葫蘆對(duì)磷的吸附反應(yīng)速率,降低了飽和吸附量。(4)在沼液實(shí)際凈化試驗(yàn)中,ECD對(duì)沼液總氮、化學(xué)需氧量和總固體懸浮物的前5 h凈化效果最好,而ECF對(duì)氨氮的凈化效果最佳,對(duì)于磷的吸附而言,在吸附的前兩個(gè)小時(shí)新鮮水葫蘆的去除率最高,而在后三個(gè)小時(shí)稻草秸稈的去除率最高。通過(guò)二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)擬合結(jié)果可知,ECF對(duì)總氮和氨氮吸附潛力最大,其的飽和吸附量分別為81.17 mg g~(-1)和17.95 mg.g~(-1);而ECD對(duì)COD和總固體懸浮物的5 h去除累積量分別為899.8和252.51 mg g~(-1)。(5)以水葫蘆為基質(zhì)吸附沼液中的污染物可顯著提高有機(jī)肥的氮、磷、鉀和總養(yǎng)分含量含量,但重金屬含量無(wú)顯著變化。以吸附沼液的水葫蘆為原料發(fā)酵有機(jī)肥中的總養(yǎng)分(氮、磷、鉀)及大部分重金屬含量相對(duì)較高,總養(yǎng)分含量高于13%,但有機(jī)質(zhì)含量相對(duì)較低。而接種富含多種功能菌種的菌劑(JDC)發(fā)酵的有機(jī)肥中有機(jī)質(zhì)、總養(yǎng)分含量均相對(duì)較高。
[Abstract]:With the development of aquaculture, a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus rich and oxygen consuming organic pollutants are discharged, which results in the deterioration of water quality in China. However, due to the high cost and technology of treatment, it is difficult to treat wastewater from the farm, which results in serious eutrophication of water body and the growth of water hyacinth. Water hyacinth can absorb a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus in the growth process to improve the water quality, but its low economic value has not been further utilized, so its water purification function is restrained because of density constraints, and it will cause secondary water pollution after dying. In order to explore the effective ways of water hyacinth in the treatment and utilization of aquiculture wastewater, the static adsorption method was used to study the concentration of adsorbates. The effects of ion coexistence on nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption of fresh water hyacinth (ECF), dry ECD (ECD), dry straw (OSD) and wood sawdust (CLDD) were studied. The purification effect of water hyacinth on biogas liquor pollutants was studied by using water hyacinth as the adsorption substrate. Then the water hyacinth matrix which adsorbed biogas liquid pollutants was used as composting material. The aerobic anaerobic composting process was used to produce organic manure. The water hyacinth matrix and its adsorbed pollutants were used as composting materials to study the resource utilization effect of water hyacinth matrix and its adsorbed pollutants. The main results are as follows: (1) in the single adsorbent solution, the adsorption of phosphorus on plant substrate decreased with the increase of phosphorus concentration, but the removal rate of nitrogen was higher when the concentration of nitrate or ammonium nitrogen was the lowest or higher. The removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus decreased gradually with the increase of adsorption time. The quasi-second-order kinetic coefficients R2 of the four substrates for single adsorbed nitrogen and phosphorus were all higher than the first-order equation. The adsorption rate constant k _ 2 of N and P for water hyacinth is the smallest, and the saturation adsorption capacity is the largest. Phosphorus, nitrate nitrogen, The saturated adsorption capacity of ammonium nitrogen was 3.93-71.61 mg 路g 路g ~ (-1) 路g ~ (-1), which was 4.75-14.22 mg 路g ~ (-1) 路g ~ (-1) respectively, which was suitable for purification of high-nitrogen and phosphorous wastewater. The coexistence of adsorbents significantly reduced the adsorption of nitrogen and phosphorus by four plant substrates and promoted CLD. Adsorption of ammonium nitrogen. The coexistence of adsorbents increased the reaction rate of nitrogen and reduced the saturated adsorption capacity of water hyacinth and straw, but had a special effect on phosphorus adsorption. At low concentration, the coexistence of adsorbents promoted the adsorption rate of phosphorus in water hyacinth, and reduced the saturated adsorption capacity. 4) in the actual purification experiment of biogas liquid, ECD had the best purifying effect on total nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand and total solid suspended matter in the first 5 hours. For phosphorus adsorption, the removal rate of fresh water hyacinth was the highest two hours before adsorption, and the highest removal rate was straw after three hours. The adsorption potential of ECF to total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen is the greatest through the second-order kinetic fitting. Its saturated adsorption capacity was 81.17 mg / g ~ (-1) and 17.95 mg 路g ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) and ECD was 899.8 mg 路g ~ (-1) ~ (-1) and 252.51 mg 路g ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) for 5 h for COD and total solid suspended matter, respectively. Potassium and total nutrient content, but heavy metal content had no significant change. The total nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) and most heavy metals in organic fertilizer fermented by water hyacinth adsorbed biogas liquid were relatively high, the total nutrient content was higher than 13%, but the content of organic matter was relatively low. However, the total nutrient content of organic fertilizer inoculated with JDC-rich bacteria was relatively high.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X713;X173

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