本文選題：長(zhǎng)期定位施肥 + 石灰性紫色水稻土　； 參考：《中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)》2017年16期

【摘要】：【目的】研究長(zhǎng)期不同施肥處理對(duì)水稻土厭氧氨氧化細(xì)菌(anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria,AAOB)群落結(jié)構(gòu)和垂直分布特征的影響,深入認(rèn)識(shí)不同施肥處理下石灰性紫色水稻土厭氧氨氧化作用的微生物調(diào)控機(jī)制,為該地區(qū)科學(xué)施肥、培肥地力提供理論依據(jù)。【方法】利用化學(xué)分析、末端限制性片段長(zhǎng)度多態(tài)性分析(T-RFLP)和熒光定量PCR技術(shù)分別對(duì)不同施肥處理下石灰性紫色水稻土理化性質(zhì)、厭氧氨氧化細(xì)菌豐度及群落結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行分析。【結(jié)果】理化性質(zhì)結(jié)果顯示,相對(duì)于無肥處理(CK),氮(N)、氮磷鉀肥(NPK)及氮磷鉀配施農(nóng)家肥(NPKM)均會(huì)降低土壤p H和硝態(tài)氮含量,而增加土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)、全氮和銨態(tài)氮含量。隨土壤深度增加,土壤p H增加,全氮和硝態(tài)氮含量降低,銨態(tài)氮含量變化趨勢(shì)不明顯。q PCR結(jié)果顯示,就土壤層次而言,厭氧氨氧化細(xì)菌在0—20 cm層的豐度最高,20—40 cm層最低;就施肥處理而言,氮肥(N)對(duì)厭氧氨氧化細(xì)菌的豐度促進(jìn)最為明顯。T-RFLP結(jié)果表明,厭氧氨氧化細(xì)菌在0—20 cm土層群落組成最為豐富,Shannon-wiener多樣性指數(shù)最高;寡氮肥下其群落組成最為簡(jiǎn)單,無肥處理下群落結(jié)構(gòu)最為復(fù)雜。厭氧氨氧化細(xì)菌優(yōu)勢(shì)種群屬于Candidatus Brocadia。冗余梯度分析(RDA)顯示,p H影響是石灰性紫色水稻土厭氧氨氧化細(xì)菌群落結(jié)構(gòu)差異的主要環(huán)境因子。【結(jié)論】本研究顯示寡氮處理會(huì)降低石灰性紫色水稻土中厭氧氨氧化細(xì)菌的多樣性但促進(jìn)其豐度。表層土(0—20 cm)是厭氧氨氧化細(xì)菌分布的主要層次。
[Abstract]:[objective] to study the effects of different fertilization treatments on the community structure and vertical distribution of anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacterium AAOB in paddy soil. The microbial regulation mechanism of anaerobic ammonia oxidation in calcareous purple paddy soil under different fertilization treatments was deeply understood, which provided a theoretical basis for scientific fertilization and fertility. [methods] Chemical analysis was used. The physicochemical properties of calcareous purple paddy soils under different fertilization treatments were analyzed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP) and fluorescence quantitative PCR. The abundance and community structure of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria were analyzed. [results] the physicochemical properties showed that compared with the treatments without fertilizer, the contents of soil pH and nitrate nitrogen were decreased compared with CK, N, N, P, K fertilizer (NPK) and N, P, K and NPKM. The contents of organic matter, total nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen were increased. With the increase of soil depth, soil pH increased, total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen content decreased, and the change trend of ammonium nitrogen content was not obvious. Q PCR results showed that, as far as soil level was concerned, The highest abundance of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in 0-20 cm layer was the lowest in 20-40 cm layer, and the effect of nitrogen fertilizer N) on the abundance of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria was the most obvious. T-RFLP results showed that, The community composition of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria was the most abundant in 0-20 cm soil layer, the Shannon-wiener diversity index was the highest, the community composition was the simplest under oligonitrogen fertilizer, and the community structure was most complex under no fertilizer treatment. The dominant species of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria belong to Candidatus Brocadia. Redundancy gradient analysis (RDAA) showed that the effect of H was the main environmental factor for the difference of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria community structure in calcareous purple paddy soil. [conclusion] this study shows that oligonitrogen treatment can reduce anaerobic activity in calcareous purple paddy soil. Ammonia oxidizes bacterial diversity but promotes its abundance. Surface soil (0-20 cm) is the main layer of anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria distribution.
【作者單位】： 四川農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)資源學(xué)院微生物系;四川省農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院土壤肥料研究所;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金(41201256)
【分類號(hào)】：S147;S154.3

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