本文選題：葡萄 + 生長期��； 參考：《植物營養(yǎng)與肥料學(xué)報》2016年04期

【摘要】：【目的】以葡萄果樹為研究對象,研究了不同劑量Hg脅迫下施用羊糞有機(jī)肥對不同生長期葡萄植株各部位Hg富集的影響,為利用有機(jī)肥控制葡萄Hg污染提供科學(xué)依據(jù)�！痉椒ā坎捎门柙栽囼�(yàn),每個盆缽裝過5 mm篩的風(fēng)干土15 kg,土壤汞含量設(shè)置0、1.5、25 mg/kg 3個處理水平,以HgCl_2固體粉末形式施入土壤,每個水平分別設(shè)置施用有機(jī)肥和不施用有機(jī)肥兩種情況。供試有機(jī)肥為羊糞,并按12.5%施入土壤,混勻后放置平衡15 d,于4月8日定植葡萄苗,每盆移栽健壯無病、生長狀況基本一致的植株1株,每個處理重復(fù)6次�！窘Y(jié)果】不管施用有機(jī)肥與否,葡萄花瓣、果實(shí)、枝條和葉片中的汞含量均隨土壤Hg含量的增加而明顯增加,而葡萄不同部位中Hg的富集系數(shù)卻呈現(xiàn)出顯著降低的趨勢,且在各部位的大小順序?yàn)槿~片花枝條果實(shí)。葡萄葉片和枝條Hg含量及其富集系數(shù)基本上表現(xiàn)出了幼果期最高,成熟期最低的生長期富集特征。與未施有機(jī)肥處理相比,低Hg處理施用有機(jī)肥后使開花期葡萄枝條汞含量降低了69.16%;高Hg處理施肥后使開花期、幼果期和成熟期葡萄枝條汞含量分別降低了50.52%、58.33%和48.35%,并使三個時期葉片汞含量的降低幅度比低Hg處理分別高出了26%、29.70%和37%。在土壤Hg污染下,施用有機(jī)肥的葡萄各器官汞含量均低于未施肥處理,且高Hg處理下的Hg含量降低幅度大多高于低Hg處理。不管低Hg或高Hg處理,施肥使葉片汞含量在幼果期和成熟期降低均最突出,而低Hg處理施肥使枝條汞含量在開花期降幅最高,高Hg處理在幼果期降幅最高�！窘Y(jié)論】施用有機(jī)肥后,葡萄花、葉片、枝條和果實(shí)受Hg污染脅迫的影響明顯減輕,尤其土壤Hg含量越高,有機(jī)肥的這種抑制作用越明顯。
[Abstract]:[objective] to study the effect of applying sheep manure organic fertilizer on Hg enrichment of grape plants in different growing stages under different doses of Hg stress. In order to provide scientific basis for using organic fertilizer to control Hg pollution of grape. [methods] A pot experiment was carried out. The dry soil with 5 mm sieve was used in each pot. The soil mercury content was set at 3 levels of 0 ~ 1.5 ~ 25 mg/kg and applied into the soil in the form of HgCl_2 solid powder. Organic fertilizer and no organic fertilizer were set up at each level. The organic fertilizer was sheep manure and applied to the soil at 12.5%. After mixing and balancing for 15 days, the grape seedlings were planted on April 8. Each pot was transplanted with one plant that was healthy and disease-free, and the growth condition was basically the same. The mercury content in grape petals, fruits, branches and leaves increased significantly with the increase of soil Hg content, regardless of whether organic fertilizer was applied or not. However, the accumulation coefficient of Hg in different parts of grape showed a significant decrease trend, and the order of the size of the different parts was the leaves and branches of fruit. The Hg content in leaves and branches of grape and its enrichment coefficient basically showed the characteristics of the highest in young fruit stage and the lowest in mature stage. Compared with the treatment without organic fertilizer, the mercury content of grape branch decreased by 69.16g in low Hg treatment, and decreased by 69.16g in high Hg treatment, and in flowering period after high Hg treatment, the content of mercury in grape branch decreased after application of organic fertilizer at flowering stage. The mercury content of grape branches decreased by 50.52% and 48.35% in young fruit stage and mature stage respectively, and the decrease range of mercury content in leaves of three periods was 2629.70% and 37% higher than that of low Hg treatment, respectively. Under the condition of soil Hg pollution, the mercury content of all organs of grape treated with organic fertilizer was lower than that of unfertilized treatment, and the decrease of Hg content in high Hg treatment was higher than that in low Hg treatment. No matter low Hg or high Hg treatment, the decrease of Hg content in leaves was the most prominent in young fruit stage and mature stage, but the decrease of Hg content in branches was the highest in flowering stage under low Hg treatment. [conclusion] after applying organic fertilizer, the effects of Hg pollution on grape flower, leaf, branch and fruit were obviously reduced, especially the higher Hg content in soil, the more obvious the inhibition effect of organic fertilizer was.
【作者單位】： 河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)資源與環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)院 河北省農(nóng)田生態(tài)環(huán)境重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：國家科技支撐計劃(2012BAD15B02) 河北省教育廳項(xiàng)目(ZD20131013,ZH2012034)資助
【分類號】：S141;S663.1

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1 齊敏;土壤-煙草系統(tǒng)中煙草葉綠素對Hg、Cd、Pb脅迫的響應(yīng)[J];中國生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)學(xué)報;2001年04期

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