發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-08 19:30

  本文選題：球孢白僵菌 + 遺傳多樣性��； 參考：《哈爾濱師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：球孢白僵菌(Beauveria bassiana)是一種重要蟲生真菌,地理分布極廣,已被廣泛開發(fā)用于多種農(nóng)林害蟲防治。由于寄主種類繁多,因此種群結(jié)構(gòu)也十分復(fù)雜。為研究中國及其他國家球孢白僵菌的種群遺傳特征,本論文采用ITS序列分析和ISSR分子標(biāo)記技術(shù)兩種方法對(duì)國內(nèi)外不同地理來源球孢白僵菌進(jìn)行遺傳多樣性和種群遺傳結(jié)構(gòu)分析。將在中國11個(gè)省及法國等3個(gè)國家采集分離的90株球孢白僵菌按省份和國家劃分成14個(gè)類群進(jìn)行研究。又針對(duì)吉林省采集分離的菌株細(xì)劃分為9個(gè)不同地理來源類群,以及按照寄主化性類型的不同劃分為3個(gè)類群。本研究獲得以下結(jié)果:1.ITS序列分析:供試球孢白僵菌菌株通過ITS-PCR反應(yīng),構(gòu)建系統(tǒng)發(fā)育樹分析,表明供試菌株的親緣關(guān)系同地理來源無相關(guān)性。2.ISSR引物的多態(tài)性分析:10個(gè)引物共擴(kuò)增得到90個(gè)清晰的位點(diǎn),引物的多態(tài)位點(diǎn)百分率(PPL)均為100%,說明ISSR分子標(biāo)記技術(shù)是適合用于分析球孢白僵菌種群遺傳多樣性的方法。3.遺傳多樣性分析:供試球孢白僵菌種群的PPL為100%,Nei基因多樣性指數(shù)(He)為0.3253,Shannon信息指數(shù)(Is)為0.4930。各類群的遺傳多樣性指標(biāo)差異較大,其中吉林、山東地區(qū)兩類群的PPL和遺傳多樣性指數(shù)最高,遼寧地區(qū)類群的PPL和兩個(gè)遺傳多樣性指數(shù)均為最低。而吉林省各類群中,榆樹地區(qū)類群和玉米螟一代區(qū)類群的遺傳多樣性指數(shù)最高,雙遼地區(qū)類群和玉米螟一代兼二代區(qū)類群的遺傳多樣性指數(shù)和PPL最低。4.各類群間的遺傳分化:不同地理來源各類群的遺傳分化系數(shù)(Gst)為0.6909,基因流(Nm)為0.2236。遼寧-湖北兩類群間的遺傳分化系數(shù)最高。吉林省內(nèi)部,雙遼-通化兩類群間的遺傳分化系數(shù)最高;隨著玉米螟化性類型由一代過渡到二代,遺傳分化系數(shù)逐漸增大。該結(jié)果說明,球孢白僵菌各類群的遺傳分化程度同地理位置無關(guān),吉林省白僵菌菌株的遺傳分化同寄主玉米螟化性類型有關(guān)。5.遺傳距離:不同地理來源各類群的遺傳距離在0.0464~0.5267之間,河北-廣東兩類群間的遺傳距離最大。吉林省各白僵菌類群中,梨樹-通化兩類群間以及一代區(qū)類群和二代區(qū)類群間的遺傳距離最大。該結(jié)果同樣說明,球孢白僵菌各類群的遺傳距離同地理距離無關(guān);吉林省白僵菌菌株的遺傳距離同寄主玉米螟化性類型存在相關(guān)性。6.聚類分析:不同地理來源白僵菌類群的聚類圖表明,各類群白僵菌的分布不存在地理相關(guān)性。綜上所述可得出結(jié)論,不同地理來源供試白僵菌菌株的遺傳多樣性同地理距離無明顯關(guān)系。吉林省不同地理來源供試白僵菌菌株的遺傳多樣性同地理距離無關(guān),同寄主亞洲玉米螟化性類型存在相關(guān)性。
[Abstract]:Beauveria bassiana (Beauveria bassiana), a kind of important insecticidal fungi, has been widely used in agricultural and forestry pest control. Because of the variety of host species, the population structure is also very complex. In order to study the population genetic characteristics of Beauveria bassiana in China and other countries, the genetic diversity and population structure of Beauveria bassiana from different geographical sources at home and abroad were analyzed by ITS sequence analysis and ISSR molecular marker technique. Ninety strains of Beauveria bassiana collected from 11 provinces of China and 3 countries including France were divided into 14 groups according to provinces and countries. The strains collected and isolated from Jilin Province were further divided into 9 groups from different geographical sources and 3 groups according to their host types. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Its sequence analysis: the phylogenetic tree was constructed by ITS-PCR reaction of Beauveria bassiana strain. 2. Polymorphism analysis of ISSR primers: 90 clear loci were obtained by amplification of 10 primers. The percentage of polymorphic loci of primers was 100, indicating that ISSR molecular marker technique was suitable for the analysis of genetic diversity of Beauveria bassiana population. Genetic diversity analysis showed that the PPL of Beauveria bassiana population was 0.3253 and the PPL was 0.4930. The genetic diversity indexes of different populations were different, and the PPL and genetic diversity index of Jilin and Shandong populations were the highest, while the PPL and two genetic diversity indices of Liaoning population were the lowest. The genetic diversity index of elm region and maize borer group was the highest, and the genetic diversity index and PPL of Shuangliao region and maize borer population were the lowest. Genetic differentiation among different populations: the coefficient of genetic differentiation (Gst1) and gene flow (Nm) were 0.6909 and 0.2236 respectively. The coefficient of genetic differentiation between Liaoning and Hubei was the highest. In Jilin Province, the genetic differentiation coefficient between Shuangliao and Tonghua populations was the highest, and the genetic differentiation coefficient gradually increased with the transition from the first generation to the second generation. The results showed that the degree of genetic differentiation of various groups of Beauveria bassiana was not related to geographical location, and the genetic differentiation of Beauveria bassiana strains in Jilin Province was related to the type of host corn borer. Genetic distance: the genetic distance of various groups from different geographical sources was between 0.0464 and 0.5267, and the genetic distance between Hebei and Guangdong was the largest. Among the groups of Beauveria bassiana in Jilin Province, the genetic distance between the two groups of pear tree and Tonghua, and between the first generation and the second generation was the largest. The results also showed that the genetic distance of various groups of Beauveria bassiana was not related to geographical distance, and the genetic distance of Beauveria bassiana strains in Jilin Province was related to the type of host corn borer. Cluster analysis showed that the distribution of Beauveria bassiana from different geographical sources had no geographical correlation. In conclusion, the genetic diversity of Beauveria bassiana strains from different geographical sources has no obvious relationship with geographical distance. The genetic diversity of Beauveria bassiana strains from different geographical sources in Jilin Province was not related to geographical distance, but to the host type of Asian corn borer.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S476.12

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 金潔;家蠶病原白僵菌的遺傳多樣性及白僵蠶藥理作用的研究[D];浙江大學(xué);2009年

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本文編號(hào)：1862759