本文選題：氯硝柳胺 + 湖灘草地��； 參考：《南昌大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：研究滅螺劑氯硝柳胺在鄱陽湖湖灘草地土壤中的殘留降解動態(tài)、可能的降解中間產(chǎn)物,并對其自然降解規(guī)律、機理進行分析探討。采用現(xiàn)場模擬施藥的方式,通過場地選取和現(xiàn)場布置,研究陽光、降水、土質(zhì)、地勢等自然環(huán)境因素對氯硝柳胺遷移和自然降解的影響。采集三個連續(xù)深度的土壤樣品,以甲醇為萃取劑,經(jīng)超聲萃取-真空抽濾-蒸發(fā)濃縮,用高效液相色譜法(HPLC)測定土壤中的氯硝柳胺及其降解產(chǎn)物。對測定所得數(shù)據(jù)進行整理,繪制出土壤中氯硝柳胺母體及其降解中間體的變化趨勢圖。實驗結(jié)果表明:氯硝柳胺在土壤中的遷移具有可逆性和反復性;雨季,降水對氯硝柳胺在湖灘草地中的遷移影響很大;枯水季,土壤含水率是氯硝柳胺進行遷移的主要限制因子;降水的沖淋可以有效去除氯硝柳胺在土壤中的殘留;日光通過抑制微生物活性而制約了氯硝柳胺在土壤中的降解;生物量低的裸露沙土和缺乏水體流通的土壤環(huán)境不利于氯硝柳胺的消解;自然環(huán)境下氯硝柳胺可水解生成2-氯-4-硝基苯胺和5-氯水楊酸,5-氯水楊酸可轉(zhuǎn)化生成2,5-二羥基苯甲酸,但2-氯-4-硝基苯胺難以轉(zhuǎn)化為2-氯-4-硝基苯酚。
[Abstract]:The dynamics of residual degradation of niclosamide in Poyang Lake beach grassland soil and the possible degradation intermediates were studied. The natural degradation law and mechanism of niclosamide were analyzed and discussed. The effects of natural environment factors, such as sunlight, precipitation, soil quality and topography, on niclosamide migration and natural degradation were studied by site selection and site layout. Three continuous depth soil samples were collected and concentrated by ultrasonic extraction vacuum filtration evaporation with methanol as extractant. The niclosamide and its degradation products in soil were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The change trend of niclosamide matrix and its degradation intermediates in soil were plotted. The results showed that the migration of niclosamide in soil was reversible and reproducible, in rainy season, precipitation had a great influence on the migration of niclosamide in lake and beach grassland, and in dry season, Soil moisture content is the main limiting factor for niclosamide migration, precipitation leaching can effectively remove niclosamide residues in soil, sunlight restricts the degradation of niclosamide in soil by inhibiting microbial activity. Exposed sandy soil with low biomass and soil environment lacking water flow are not conducive to the digestion of niclosamide, which can hydrolyze to produce 2-chloro-4-nitroaniline and 5-chlorsalicylate 5-chlorsalicylic acid to form 2-chloro-5-dihydroxybenzoic acid. However, it is difficult to convert 2-chloro-4-nitroaniline to 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol.
【學位授予單位】：南昌大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X592

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