本文選題：復(fù)墾年限 + 土壤養(yǎng)分��； 參考：《山西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文以山西潞安五陽礦區(qū)的第1年、第5年復(fù)墾土壤為主要研究對(duì)象,以三種肥料的配施對(duì)塌陷區(qū)不同復(fù)墾年限土壤性狀及玉米產(chǎn)量的影響為研究內(nèi)容,結(jié)合田間調(diào)查采樣和室內(nèi)分析化驗(yàn),主要結(jié)論如下：(1)三種肥料的配施均有效地提高了土壤中的全氮量、堿解氮量、有機(jī)質(zhì)含量,分別對(duì)土壤肥力效果有不同程度的提高。其中,在復(fù)墾一年的土壤當(dāng)中,施用雞糞+菌肥處理時(shí)土壤全氮含量最高,比其余處理提高幅度。施用晨雨復(fù)合肥+解磷菌肥處理時(shí)土壤堿解氮含量最高。施用雞糞+解磷菌肥處理時(shí)土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量最高;到復(fù)墾五年時(shí),施用雞糞+晨雨復(fù)合肥處理時(shí)土壤全氮含量最高,分別比單施晨雨復(fù)合肥、晨雨復(fù)合肥+解磷菌肥、單施雞糞、雞糞+解磷菌肥、雞糞+晨雨復(fù)合肥+解磷菌肥處理提高了19.27%、21.10%、12.93%、4.24%、0.38%。施用雞糞+晨雨復(fù)合肥+解磷菌肥處理時(shí)土壤堿解氮含量最高,分別比單施晨雨復(fù)合肥、晨雨復(fù)合肥+解磷菌肥、單施雞糞、雞糞+解磷菌肥、雞糞+晨雨復(fù)合肥處理提高了33.94%、20.25%、21.56%、5.52%、21.64%。施用施用雞糞+解磷菌肥處理時(shí)土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量最高,分別比單施晨雨復(fù)合肥、晨雨復(fù)合肥+解磷菌肥、單施雞糞、雞糞+晨雨復(fù)合肥、雞糞+晨雨復(fù)合肥+解磷菌肥處理提高了52.28%、50.62%、15.94%、17.69%、10.35%。結(jié)果表明：雞糞、解磷菌肥配施對(duì)土壤全氮影響較大,雞糞、晨雨復(fù)合肥、解磷菌肥配施對(duì)土壤堿解氮、有機(jī)質(zhì)含量影響較優(yōu)。(2)晨雨復(fù)合肥處理對(duì)提高土壤全磷含量效果顯著,雞糞、晨雨復(fù)合肥和解磷菌肥配施處理對(duì)有效磷影響較好。其中,在復(fù)墾一年的土壤當(dāng)中,施用晨雨復(fù)合肥處理的土壤全磷含量最高。施用雞糞+解磷菌肥處理時(shí)土壤有效磷含量最高;到復(fù)墾五年時(shí),施用晨雨復(fù)合肥處理的土壤全磷含量最高,為0.622g/kg,分別比晨雨復(fù)合肥+解磷菌肥處理、單施雞糞處理、雞糞+菌肥處理、雞糞+晨雨復(fù)合肥處理和雞糞+晨雨復(fù)合肥+解磷菌肥處理提高了1.6%、2.8%、4.1%、4.5%、3.0%。施用雞糞+晨雨復(fù)合肥+解磷菌肥處理時(shí)土壤有效磷含量最高,分別比單施晨雨復(fù)合肥、晨雨復(fù)合肥+解磷菌肥處理提高了59.35%、57.81%。(3)雞糞+晨雨復(fù)合肥+解磷菌處理對(duì)提高塌陷區(qū)土壤蔗糖酶、磷酸酶、脲酶效果顯著,過氧化氫酶活性降低。(4)三種肥料的配施對(duì)提高土壤微生物碳、氮含量效果顯著。其中,在復(fù)墾一年的土壤當(dāng)中,施用雞糞+菌肥處理時(shí)土壤微生物碳含量達(dá)到最大值。施用雞糞+解磷菌肥處理時(shí)土壤微生物氮含量最高。到復(fù)墾五年時(shí),施用雞糞+解磷菌肥處理時(shí)土壤微生物碳含量達(dá)到最大值,為199.01mg/kg。施用雞糞+解磷菌肥處理時(shí)土壤微生物氮含量達(dá)到最大值,為13.23mg/kg。(5)解磷菌肥在玉米增產(chǎn)作用中起到了有益效果,并與腐熟雞糞配合施用更能發(fā)揮其肥效。其中腐熟雞糞+解磷菌肥處理玉米產(chǎn)量增產(chǎn)顯著,玉米產(chǎn)量為450.8kg/畝。
[Abstract]:In the first and fifth year of Wuyang mining area in Lu'an, Shanxi Province, the main research object was reclaimed soil, and the effect of three kinds of fertilizers on soil characters and maize yield of different reclamation years in subsided area was taken as the main research object. Combined with field investigation and laboratory analysis, the main conclusions were as follows: (1) the combined application of three fertilizers could effectively increase the total nitrogen content, alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen amount and organic matter content in soil, and improve the effect of soil fertility in different degrees. Among the soil reclaimed for one year, the soil total nitrogen content was the highest, which was higher than that of the other treatments. The soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content was the highest when the morning rain compound fertilizer was used to release phosphorus bacteria fertilizer. The content of soil organic matter was the highest in the treatment of chicken manure phosphorus release bacteria fertilizer, and the highest in the treatment of chicken manure morning rain compound fertilizer treatment, which was respectively higher than that of single morning rain compound fertilizer and morning rain compound fertilizer when the soil was reclaimed for five years, and the soil total nitrogen content was the highest in the treatment of chicken manure morning rain compound fertilizer, respectively. Application of Chicken manure, Chicken manure, Chicken manure and Rain compound Fertilizer increased 19.27% 21.10% 12.93% and 4.24% 0.38%. The soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content was the highest in the treatment of chicken manure morning rain compound fertilizer, which was higher than that of single morning rain compound fertilizer, chicken manure, chicken manure and chicken manure morning rain compound fertilizer treatment, and the treatment of chicken manure morning rain compound fertilizer increased 33.94% 20.250.2521.56%, 5.5221.21.6464% higher than that of single Shi Chenyu compound fertilizer, morning rain compound fertilizer, chicken manure and chicken manure compound fertilizer, respectively. The content of soil organic matter was the highest in the treatment of chicken manure and phosphorus bacteria fertilizer, which was higher than that of single morning rain compound fertilizer, morning rain compound fertilizer, chicken manure and chicken manure morning rain compound fertilizer, respectively. The treatment of Chicken manure and Rain compound Fertilizer increased 52.28% 50.622% and 15.94% 17.69% and 10.35%. The results showed that the combined application of chicken manure and phosphorus releasing bacteria fertilizer had a great effect on soil total nitrogen, chicken manure, morning rain compound fertilizer and phosphorus releasing bacteria fertilizer combined application had significant effect on soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and organic matter content.) the effect of morning rain compound fertilizer on the increase of soil total phosphorus content was significant. The effects of chicken manure, morning rain compound fertilizer and phosphorus releasing bacteria fertilizer on the available phosphorus were better. Among the soils reclaimed for one year, the total phosphorus content of the soil treated with morning rain compound fertilizer was the highest. The content of available phosphorus in the soil was the highest in the treatment of chicken manure and in the treatment of morning rain compound fertilizer, which was 0.622 g / kg, respectively, which was higher than that in the treatment of morning rain compound fertilizer and only chicken manure, respectively, when the soil was reclaimed for five years, the total phosphorus content of the soil was the highest (0.622 g / kg). The treatments of chicken manure, chicken manure morning rain compound fertilizer and chicken manure morning rain compound fertilizer decomposed phosphorus bacteria fertilizer increased 1.6% 2.810% 4.51% and 4.5% 3.00%. The available phosphorus content of soil was the highest in the treatment of chicken manure morning rain compound fertilizer, which was respectively higher than that of single Shi Chenyu compound fertilizer. The results showed that the treatment of phosphorus releasing bacteria fertilizer of morning rain compound fertilizer increased 59.35% 57.81.) the treatment of chicken manure compound fertilizer had significant effect on improving soil sucrase, phosphatase and urease in collapsing area, and the results showed that the effect of the treatment on soil sucrose, phosphatase and urease was significant. The combined application of three fertilizers could increase soil microbial carbon and nitrogen content significantly. Among them, the soil microbial carbon content reached the maximum when the chicken manure was applied in the reclaimed soil for one year. The soil microbial nitrogen content was the highest in the treatment of chicken manure phosphorus releasing bacteria fertilizer. By the time of reclamation for five years, the soil microbial carbon content reached the maximum value of 199.01mg / kg. The microbial nitrogen content of soil reached the maximum value (13.23 mg / kg 路L ~ (5) the application of phosphorus releasing bacteria fertilizer had a beneficial effect on maize yield increase, and the fertilizer effect could be improved by applying it in combination with decaying chicken manure. Among them, the corn yield increased significantly with the treatment of decomposed chicken manure and phosphorus bacteria fertilizer, and the corn yield was 450.8kg/ mu.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S513;S158

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