本文選題：分散養(yǎng)豬廢水 + ABR　； 參考：《長安大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：針對農(nóng)村分散養(yǎng)豬廢水高有機物、高氮磷的特點,開發(fā)出一種投資低、能耗小、操作管理簡單且具有較好脫氮除磷效果的處理工藝具有十分重要的意義。課題組以污染物源分離技術(shù)為基礎(chǔ),構(gòu)建了ABR-功能分區(qū)型人工濕地組合處理農(nóng)村分散養(yǎng)豬廢水,出水可達(dá)到排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。本論文主要研究了ABR及功能分區(qū)型人工濕地強化TN去除區(qū)的運行特性、影響因素等,分析了人工濕地中氮、磷的遷移轉(zhuǎn)化特性,并采用16S r RNA對微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行解析,最后對濕地的堵塞原因及解決措施進(jìn)行了分析,主要研究結(jié)論如下:(1)以源分離后分散養(yǎng)豬沖洗水作ABR進(jìn)水,進(jìn)水COD平均濃度約2000mg/L,容積負(fù)荷1.0 kg COD/(m3·d)。間歇運行ABR對COD的去除率為70~80%,出水COD在340~650 mg/L之間。COD和SS均隨隔室的推移及反應(yīng)時間的延長而逐漸降低至穩(wěn)定,p H和堿度均存在先降低后恢復(fù)的過程。進(jìn)水中的類酪氨酸、類色氨酸和類腐殖酸的熒光強度均沿ABR流程及反應(yīng)時間的增加呈遞減規(guī)律。ABR對水力負(fù)荷有一定的抗沖擊性,但對水質(zhì)負(fù)荷的抗沖擊性較差。冬季運行時,ABR對COD的去除率明顯下降,平均去除率為65.82%,出水SS也開始升高。(2)濕地具有明顯的功能分區(qū),沸石層為硝化區(qū),主要實現(xiàn)氨氮的吸附、生物再生及大部分有機物的吸附截留、部分磷的吸附,磚渣層實現(xiàn)反硝化及TP的吸附。ORP測量結(jié)果表明,復(fù)氧管強化復(fù)氧效果良好。單位沸石層厚度的硝化速率并未隨沸石層厚度的增加而降低,表明沸石層厚度仍可適當(dāng)增加。運行方式、水力負(fù)荷、水質(zhì)負(fù)荷、進(jìn)水次數(shù)、溫度都會影響濕地的去污能力。經(jīng)試驗,每天進(jìn)水1次,每次進(jìn)水1 h,進(jìn)水量50 L/d、進(jìn)水COD和氨氮濃度分別為1000、250 mg/L,以潮汐流方式運行時濕地運行效果良好,對COD、NH4+-N、TN、TP平均去除率分別為84.75%、61.66%、56.76%、65.89%。(3)沸石層對COD、NH4+-N、TP可以快速吸附截留,0~15 min去除率最高,隨后略有降低。0~15 min沸石層出水NO3--N最大,并隨著進(jìn)水的進(jìn)行而不斷減小。COD、TN、TP、氧化態(tài)氮隨著磚渣層深度的增加及停留時間的延長而不斷去除直至穩(wěn)定,氨氮在磚渣層幾乎無去除。濕地進(jìn)水中主要有類色氨酸、類腐殖酸及溶解性微生物副產(chǎn)物三類熒光物質(zhì),污水流經(jīng)沸石層和磚渣層后,三類熒光物質(zhì)均有明顯去除。(4)論文對人工濕地中的氮素和磷素的遷移轉(zhuǎn)化途徑進(jìn)行了研究,結(jié)果表明:功能分區(qū)型人工濕地系統(tǒng)中脫氮的主要途徑是硝化反硝化作用,約占85.55%,除磷的主要途徑是基質(zhì)的蓄積作用,約占98.30%。(5)掃描電鏡結(jié)果表明:沸石及磚渣表面粗糙,適合微生物生長,掛膜后沸石及磚渣表面生物膜致密。16S r RNA測序結(jié)果顯示:在門水平上,ABR三個隔室污泥中的優(yōu)勢菌均為Firmicutes(厚壁菌門),濕地沸石及磚渣表面的優(yōu)勢菌分別為Proteobacteria(變形菌門)和Firmicutes(厚壁菌門)。低溫對人工濕地沸石及磚渣表面的微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)有明顯影響。(6)采用集水管作為濕地的集水系統(tǒng)容易發(fā)生集水管堵塞,造成短流,影響系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性,通過對集水方式進(jìn)行調(diào)整,未再發(fā)生堵塞。
[Abstract]:In view of the characteristics of high organic matter and high nitrogen and phosphorus in the scattered pig wastewater in rural areas, it is of great significance to develop a low investment, small energy consumption, simple operation management and good removal of nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency. Based on the separation technology of pollutant source, the ABR- functional subarea constructed wetland combined treatment of rural areas is constructed. This paper mainly studied the operation characteristics of ABR and functional zoning constructed wetland for strengthening TN removal area, influencing factors and so on. This paper analyzed the transfer and transformation characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus in artificial wetland, and analyzed the microbial community structure by 16S R RNA. Finally, the cause and solution of the clogging of the wetland were solved. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the average concentration of water intake COD is about 2000mg/L, the volume load is about 2000mg/L and the volume load is 1 kg COD/ (M3. D). The removal rate of the batch operation ABR to COD is 70~80%, and the effluent COD is followed by the compartment and the prolongation of the reaction time. Decrease to stability, P H and alkalinity all have the process of decreasing and recovering first. The fluorescence intensity of class tyrosine, tryptophan and humic acid in the influent are all decreasing along the ABR flow and the increase of reaction time..ABR has certain impact resistance on hydraulic load, but the impact resistance on water quality is poor. ABR to COD in winter. The removal rate was obviously decreased, the average removal rate was 65.82%, and the effluent SS began to rise. (2) the wetland had obvious functional zoning, the zeolite layer was nitrification area, which mainly realized the adsorption of ammonia nitrogen, biological regeneration and the adsorption and interception of most organic matter, the adsorption of partial phosphorus, the results of denitrification and TP adsorption by the brick slag layer showed that the reoxygenation tube was strong. The nitrification rate of the thickness of the unit zeolite layer is not decreased with the increase of the thickness of the boiling stone layer, which indicates that the thickness of the zeolite layer can still be increased properly. The operation mode, the hydraulic load, the water quality load, the number of water and the temperature will affect the decontamination ability of the wetland. After the experiment, the water intake is 1 times a day, the water intake is 1 h, the water intake is 50 L/d, and the influent C The concentration of OD and NH3-N was 1000250 mg/L respectively. The average removal rate of the wetland was 84.75%, 61.66%, 56.76% and 65.89%. (3) to COD, NH4+-N, and TP, respectively. The removal rate of the wetland was 84.75%, 61.66%, 56.76%, and 65.89%. (3), respectively, and the 0~15 min removal rate was the highest. As the influent is carried out,.COD, TN, and TP are continuously reduced, and the oxidation nitrogen is continuously removed and stabilized with the increase of the depth of the brick slag layer and the prolongation of the residence time. The ammonia nitrogen has almost no removal in the brick slag layer. Three kinds of fluorescent substances, such as tryptophan, humic acid and dissolved microbiological by-products, are mainly found in the influent of the wetland, and the sewage flows through the zeolite layer and the wastewater. After the brick slag layer, the three kinds of fluorescent substances were obviously removed. (4) the transfer and transformation of nitrogen and phosphorus in the constructed wetland was studied. The results showed that the main way of denitrification was nitrification and denitrification, accounting for about 85.55%. The main way of dephosphorization was the accumulation of matrix, which was about 98.30%.. (5) the results of scanning electron microscopy showed that the surface of zeolite and brick slag was rough and suitable for microbial growth. After hanging film, the.16S R RNA sequencing of zeolite and brick slag surface biofilm showed that at the gate level, the dominant bacteria in the three septum sludge were Firmicutes (thick wall fungi), and the dominant bacteria on the surface of wetland zeolite and brick slag were Proteobacteria (Proteobacteria), respectively. Deformable bacteria gate) and Firmicutes (thick wall fungus door). Low temperature has an obvious influence on the microbial community structure on the surface of zeolite and brick slag on artificial wetland. (6) water collecting system with water collecting pipe as a wetland is easy to plug water collection, cause short flow, affect the stability of the system, through the adjustment of water collecting mode, and no more clogging.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X713

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本文編號：1813810