本文選題：智能控制 + 植物生長(zhǎng)環(huán)境　； 參考：《天津職業(yè)技術(shù)師范大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：21世紀(jì)以來(lái),人們對(duì)于推動(dòng)農(nóng)業(yè)的智能化越來(lái)越重視,農(nóng)業(yè)智能化可以利用能源克服作物生長(zhǎng)受到的氣候、環(huán)境、地理位置、季節(jié)等因素的影響。但是能源消耗過(guò)大是智能農(nóng)業(yè)面臨的首要問(wèn)題,如何在實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)業(yè)智能化的基礎(chǔ)上節(jié)約能源是有待解決的重要課題。優(yōu)化植物生長(zhǎng)環(huán)境,實(shí)現(xiàn)智能化農(nóng)業(yè),同時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益最優(yōu),在保證生態(tài)效益的前提下,提高經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,提高作物產(chǎn)量、降低能源消耗、減少資源浪費(fèi)。作物生長(zhǎng)系統(tǒng)是一種高度非線性,強(qiáng)耦合,多輸入輸出的系統(tǒng),具有動(dòng)態(tài)特性,很大程度上受外界氣候(風(fēng)速,室外溫度和濕度等)和許多其它實(shí)際約束(執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)等)的干擾。由于作物生長(zhǎng)環(huán)境的復(fù)雜性,在生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中很難控制。作物優(yōu)化控制系統(tǒng)的主要目的是改善作物生長(zhǎng)的環(huán)境條件,作物生長(zhǎng)環(huán)境的控制為了優(yōu)化生產(chǎn)過(guò)程,進(jìn)一步改善環(huán)境條件,節(jié)約能源。本課題通過(guò)對(duì)可控環(huán)境優(yōu)化控制方法的學(xué)習(xí)和研究,結(jié)合我國(guó)的國(guó)情和現(xiàn)有的研究成果,以一個(gè)小型的作物生長(zhǎng)環(huán)境模擬系統(tǒng)——植物生長(zhǎng)柜為例,建立作物生長(zhǎng)可控環(huán)境優(yōu)化控制系統(tǒng),研究?jī)?yōu)化控制方法。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:(1)研究作物生長(zhǎng)環(huán)境,建立作物生長(zhǎng)環(huán)境可控系統(tǒng)。以溫度、濕度、光照度、CO2濃度為研究對(duì)象,根據(jù)作物生長(zhǎng)需要,人工模擬作物生態(tài)環(huán)境,建立符合作物生長(zhǎng)周期的作物生長(zhǎng)系統(tǒng),為系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化奠定基礎(chǔ)。(2)測(cè)量和判定作物的生長(zhǎng)狀態(tài)。通過(guò)測(cè)量并分析作物的長(zhǎng)勢(shì)來(lái)判定作物生長(zhǎng)控制系統(tǒng)優(yōu)劣,這是判定作物生長(zhǎng)系統(tǒng)最直接的方法。植物葉片可以反應(yīng)出眾多的作物生長(zhǎng)情況,通過(guò)CO2分析法,實(shí)時(shí)測(cè)量并分析作物的生長(zhǎng)狀況;但是作物生長(zhǎng)具有周期性,所有通過(guò)測(cè)量葉片的葉面積、頁(yè)周長(zhǎng)等,綜合判斷作物的生長(zhǎng)狀態(tài),為作物生長(zhǎng)環(huán)境的優(yōu)化控制建立評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),快速、直接、合理的評(píng)價(jià)優(yōu)化系統(tǒng)。(3)研究可控環(huán)境優(yōu)化控制模型,比較分析各種優(yōu)化控制方法的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和不足,使用BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)PID控制方法設(shè)計(jì)可控環(huán)境的優(yōu)化控制系統(tǒng),模擬仿真系統(tǒng),為作物生長(zhǎng)環(huán)境的優(yōu)化控制系統(tǒng)建立理論基礎(chǔ)。。(4)建立作物生長(zhǎng)可控環(huán)境優(yōu)化控制系統(tǒng)。根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)室已有設(shè)備,建立作物生長(zhǎng)可控環(huán)境優(yōu)化控制系統(tǒng)。通過(guò)傳感器技術(shù)、嵌入式技術(shù)、執(zhí)行器等,自動(dòng)調(diào)控柜內(nèi)的溫度、濕度、光照度等環(huán)境參數(shù)。因?yàn)闇貪穸日{(diào)節(jié)過(guò)程中,存在明顯的滯后現(xiàn)象,所以根據(jù)實(shí)測(cè)值與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值之間的差值,對(duì)溫濕度分段進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)。
[Abstract]:Since the 21st century, more and more attention has been paid to the promotion of agricultural intelligence, which can overcome the effects of climate, environment, geographical location, season and other factors on crop growth.However, excessive energy consumption is the most important problem faced by intelligent agriculture, and how to save energy on the basis of realizing agricultural intelligence is an important issue to be solved.In order to optimize the environment of plant growth, realize intelligent agriculture and realize the best economic benefit, we can improve the economic benefit, increase crop yield, reduce energy consumption and reduce the waste of resources on the premise of ensuring ecological benefit.Crop growth system is a highly nonlinear, strongly coupled, multi-input-output system with dynamic characteristics and largely subject to outside climate (wind speed, wind speed, wind speed, wind speed, wind speed, wind speed, wind speed, wind speed, wind speed, wind speed,Outdoor temperature and humidity) and many other physical constraints (actuators, etc.) interference.Because of the complexity of crop growing environment, it is difficult to control in the production process.The main purpose of crop optimal control system is to improve the environmental conditions of crop growth. The control of crop growth environment is to optimize the production process, further improve the environmental conditions, and save energy.Through the study and research on the method of controllable environment optimization control, combined with the situation of our country and the existing research results, we take a small crop growth environment simulation system-plant growth cabinet as an example.The optimal control system of controlled environment for crop growth was established and the optimal control method was studied.The main research contents are as follows: 1) study the crop growth environment and establish the crop growth environment controllable system.Taking temperature, humidity and light intensity of CO _ 2 as the research object, according to the needs of crop growth, the crop ecological environment was simulated artificially, and the crop growth system was established according to the crop growth cycle.It lays a foundation for the optimization of the system, and measures and determines the growth state of crops.It is the most direct method to judge crop growth control system by measuring and analyzing crop growth.Plant leaves can reflect a wide range of crop growth, measuring and analyzing crop growth in real time by CO2 analysis, but crop growth is periodic, all by measuring leaf area, leaf circumference, etc.The optimal control model of controllable environment is studied by synthetically judging the growth state of crops and establishing the evaluation standard for the optimal control of crop growth environment, which is a rapid, direct and reasonable evaluation and optimization system.The advantages and disadvantages of various optimal control methods are compared and analyzed. The BP neural network PID control method is used to design the optimal control system in controllable environment and to simulate the simulation system.The optimal control system of crop growth controlled environment is established on the theoretical basis of crop growth environment optimization control system.According to the existing equipment in the laboratory, the optimal control system of controlled environment for crop growth was established.Through sensor technology, embedded technology, actuator, automatic control cabinet temperature, humidity, illumination and other environmental parameters.Because there is obvious lag in the process of temperature and humidity adjustment, the temperature and humidity are adjusted according to the difference between the measured value and the standard value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津職業(yè)技術(shù)師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：S126

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