本文選題：新種　切入點(diǎn)：丁草胺　出處：《南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：在世界范圍內(nèi),氯代乙酰胺類除草劑受到廣泛應(yīng)用,而其中丁草胺(Butachlor)是亞洲范圍內(nèi)應(yīng)用最廣的苯乙酰胺除草劑,現(xiàn)已成為我國(guó)廣泛使用的除草劑之一。目前丁草胺的用量不斷增加,存在不合理地使用現(xiàn)象,伴隨著其溶淋滲透作用,其對(duì)各種土壤、水體的生態(tài)副作用將日益顯現(xiàn)。本研究從長(zhǎng)期受丁草胺作用的污泥中分離到一株對(duì)丁草胺有很強(qiáng)耐受能力的細(xì)菌命名為BUT-6~T。本文全面系統(tǒng)地研究該菌株的各種生理、生化、遺傳等特性。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在基礎(chǔ)鹽培養(yǎng)基中加入1250mg.L~(-1) 丁草胺,菌株BUT-6~T可仍然表現(xiàn)出有一定生長(zhǎng)。菌株BUT-6~T的單細(xì)胞呈棒狀大小為0.5-0.6×3.5-4.0 μm,革蘭氏染色顯陰性,無(wú)運(yùn)動(dòng)性鞭毛,不產(chǎn)生芽孢。在R2A培養(yǎng)基上于30℃培養(yǎng)3d后,菌落呈現(xiàn)黃色,表面凸起,近圓形,邊緣有透光性。BUT-6~T生長(zhǎng)需氧,當(dāng)環(huán)境條件為30℃,1.0%NaCl,pH7.0時(shí)生長(zhǎng)狀況最佳。菌株BUT-6~T脂肪酸的主要成分為iso-C15:0,iso-C17 ω9c,和iso-C17:0(10%);主要極性脂種類有磷脂酰甲基乙醇胺、磷脂酰甘油、雙磷脂酰甘油、一個(gè)未鑒定的氨磷脂還有3種未知的磷酸脂類;最主要的呼吸醌是泛醌,即Q-8。BUT-6~T 的 DNA G+C mol%含量為 71.7 mol%;與 BUT-6~T 的 16S rRNA 基因序列相似度最高的菌株是Tahibacter aquatiusPYM5-11T(98.6%);BUT-6~T與參考菌株Tahibacter aquaticus PYM5-11T 的 DNA-DNA 雜交同源性為 47.1 ± 0.71%,遠(yuǎn)低于新種鑒定閾值同源性70%。菌株BUT-6~T的過(guò)氧化氫酶、氧化酶、酪蛋白水解試驗(yàn)呈陰性;堿性磷酸酶、酯酶(C4、C8)、類酯酶(C14)、亮氨酸芳胺酶、纈氨酸芳胺酶、胱氨酸芳胺酶、胰蛋白酶反應(yīng)呈陽(yáng)性;半乳糖苷酶等反應(yīng)呈陰性;七葉苷、明膠、尿素、吐溫-80水解呈陽(yáng)性;不產(chǎn)H2S和吲哚,也不能還原硝酸鹽。BUT-6~T可以利用N-乙酰葡糖胺、癸酸、檸檬酸鹽、苯乙酸鹽、5-酮葡糖酸、蘋(píng)果酸鹽等物質(zhì)作為碳源;不可以利用山梨醇、肌醇、苦杏仁苷、鼠李糖、蜜二糖、葡萄糖、甘露糖及阿拉伯糖進(jìn)行發(fā)酵產(chǎn)酸;BUT-6~T抗壯觀霉素、青霉素、左氟沙星、氨芐青霉素、氯霉素、頭孢他啶等。綜合以上對(duì)其諸多特征的詳細(xì)分析,將菌株BUT-6~T鑒定為T(mén)ahibacter屬中的一個(gè)新種,命名為T(mén)ahibactercaenisp.nov。
[Abstract]:In the world, chloroacetamide herbicides are widely used, among which butachloram is the most widely used phenylacetamide herbicides in Asia, and has become one of the most widely used herbicides in China.At present, the amount of butachlor is increasing, there is unreasonable use phenomenon, with its leaching and infiltration, the ecological side effects of butachlor on various soils and water bodies will become increasingly apparent.In this study, a bacterial strain with strong tolerance to butachlor was isolated from the sludge treated with butachlor for a long time.The physiological, biochemical and genetic characteristics of the strain were studied in this paper.It was found that the strain BUT-6~T could still grow when adding 1250 mg 路L ~ (-1) butachlor to the basic salt medium.The single cell size of the strain BUT-6~T was 0.5-0.6 脳 3.5-4.0 渭 m, which was negative for Gram staining and had no motility flagella and no spores.After being cultured on R2A medium at 30 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1703370